Solid-state solar modules based on mesoscopic organometal halide perovskite: a route towards the up-scaling process.

ABSTRACT

We fabricated the first solid state modules based on organometal halide perovskite CH3NH3PbI3-xClx using Spiro-OMeTAD and poly(3-hexylthiophene) as hole transport materials. Device up-scaling was performed using innovative procedures to realize large-area cells and the integrated series-interconnections. The perovskite-based modules show a maximum conversion efficiency of 5.1% using both poly(3-hexylthiophene) and Spiro-OMeTAD. A long-term stability test was performed (in air, under AM1.5G, 1 Sun illumination conditions) using both materials showing different behaviour under continuous light stress. Whilst the poly(3-hexylthiophene)-based module efficiency drops by about 80% with respect to the initial value after 170 hours, the Spiro-based module shows a promising long-term stability maintaining more than 60% of its initial efficiency after 335 hours.