Energy expenditure in the etiology of human obesity: spendthrift and thrifty metabolic phenotypes and energy-sensing mechanisms.
J Endocrinol Invest
; 41(1): 83-89, 2018 Jan.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-28741280
ABSTRACT
The pathogenesis of human obesity is the result of dysregulation of the reciprocal relationship between food intake and energy expenditure (EE), which influences daily energy balance and ultimately leads to weight gain. According to principles of energy homeostasis, a relatively lower EE in a setting of energy balance may lead to weight gain; however, results from different study groups are contradictory and indicate a complex interaction between EE and food intake which may differentially influence weight change in humans. Recently, studies evaluating the adaptive response of one component to perturbations of the other component of energy balance have revealed both the existence of differing metabolic phenotypes ("spendthrift" and "thrifty") resulting from overeating or underfeeding, as well as energy-sensing mechanisms linking EE to food intake, which might explain the propensity of an individual to weight gain. The purpose of this review is to debate the role that human EE plays on body weight regulation and to discuss the physiologic mechanisms linking EE and food intake. An increased understanding of the complex interplay between human metabolism and food consumption may provide insight into pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying weight gain, which may eventually lead to prevention and better treatment of human obesity.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Peso Corporal
/
Ingestión de Energía
/
Ingestión de Alimentos
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Metabolismo Energético
/
Obesidad
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
/
Health_economic_evaluation
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Endocrinol Invest
Año:
2018
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos