Carnosinase, diabetes mellitus and the potential relevance of carnosinase deficiency.
J Inherit Metab Dis
; 41(1): 39-47, 2018 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29027595
ABSTRACT
Carnosinase (CN1) is a dipeptidase, encoded by the CNDP1 gene, that degrades histidine-containing dipeptides, such as carnosine, anserine and homocarnosine. Loss of CN1 function (also called carnosinase deficiency or aminoacyl-histidine dipeptidase deficiency) has been reported in a small number of patients with highly elevated blood carnosine concentrations, denoted carnosinaemia; it is unclear whether the variety of clinical symptoms in these individuals is causally related to carnosinase deficiency. Reduced CN1 function should increase serum carnosine concentrations but the genetic basis of carnosinaemia has not been formally confirmed to be due to CNDP1 mutations. A CNDP1 polymorphism associated with low CN1 activity correlates with significantly reduced risk for diabetic nephropathy, especially in women with type 2 diabetes, and may slow progression of chronic kidney disease in children with glomerulonephritis. Studies in rodents demonstrate antiproteinuric and vasculoprotective effects of carnosine, the precise molecular mechanisms, however, are still incompletely understood. Thus, carnosinemia due to CN1 deficiency may be a non-disease; in contrast, carnosine may potentially protect against long-term sequelae of reactive metabolites accumulating, e.g. in diabetes and chronic renal failure.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Encefalopatías Metabólicas Innatas
/
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
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Nefropatías Diabéticas
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Dipeptidasas
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Errores Innatos del Metabolismo de los Aminoácidos
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
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Etiology_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Inherit Metab Dis
Año:
2018
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Alemania