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Altered Neural Processing of Threat-Related Information in Children and Adolescents Exposed to Violence: A Transdiagnostic Mechanism Contributing to the Emergence of Psychopathology.
Weissman, David G; Jenness, Jessica L; Colich, Natalie L; Miller, Adam Bryant; Sambrook, Kelly A; Sheridan, Margaret A; McLaughlin, Katie A.
Afiliación
  • Weissman DG; Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Electronic address: dweissman@fas.harvard.edu.
  • Jenness JL; University of Washington, Seattle.
  • Colich NL; University of Washington, Seattle.
  • Miller AB; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
  • Sambrook KA; University of Washington, Seattle.
  • Sheridan MA; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
  • McLaughlin KA; Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry ; 59(11): 1274-1284, 2020 11.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31473292
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

Exposure to violence in childhood is associated with increased risk for multiple forms of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. We evaluated how exposure to violence in early life influences neural responses to neutral and threat-related stimuli in childhood and adolescence, developmental variation in these associations, and whether these neural response patterns convey transdiagnostic risk for psychopathology over time.

METHOD:

Participants were 149 youths (75 female and 74 male), aged 8 to 17 years (mean = 12.8, SD = 2.63), who had experienced physical abuse, sexual abuse, or domestic violence (n = 76) or had never experienced violence (n = 73). Participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning while passively viewing fearful, neutral, and scrambled faces presented rapidly in a block design without specific attentional demands. Internalizing and externalizing psychopathology were assessed concurrently with the scan and 2 years later and were used to compute a transdiagnostic general psychopathology factor (p factor).

RESULTS:

Exposure to violence was associated with reduced activation in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and frontal pole (1,985 voxels, peak x, y, z = 6, 4, 40) when viewing fearful (versus scrambled) faces, and reduced activation in dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and superior frontal gyrus (1,970 voxels, peak x, y, z = 16, 64, 10) when viewing neutral faces, but not amygdala activation or connectivity. Lower dACC response to fearful faces predicted increase in the p factor 2 years later (B = -0.186, p = .031) and mediated the association of violence exposure with longitudinal increases in the p factor.

CONCLUSION:

Reduced recruitment of the dACC-a region involved in salience processing, conflict monitoring, and cognitive control-in response to threat-related cues may convey increased transdiagnostic psychopathology risk in youths exposed to violence.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Banco de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Psicopatología / Exposición a la Violencia Tipo de estudio: Prognostic_studies Límite: Adolescent / Child / Female / Humans / Male Idioma: En Revista: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Asunto de la revista: PEDIATRIA / PSIQUIATRIA Año: 2020 Tipo del documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Banco de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Psicopatología / Exposición a la Violencia Tipo de estudio: Prognostic_studies Límite: Adolescent / Child / Female / Humans / Male Idioma: En Revista: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Asunto de la revista: PEDIATRIA / PSIQUIATRIA Año: 2020 Tipo del documento: Article