Effects of ketamine or midazolam continuous rate infusions on alfaxalone total intravenous anaesthesia requirements and recovery quality in healthy dogs: a randomized clinical trial.
Vet Anaesth Analg
; 47(4): 437-446, 2020 Jul.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32340894
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To determine the alfaxalone dose reduction during total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) when combined with ketamine or midazolam constant rate infusions and to assess recovery quality in healthy dogs. STUDYDESIGN:
Prospective, blinded clinical study. ANIMALS A group of 33 healthy, client-owned dogs subjected to dental procedures.METHODS:
After premedication with intramuscular acepromazine 0.05 mg kg-1 and methadone 0.3 mg kg-1, anaesthetic induction started with intravenous alfaxalone 0.5 mg kg-1 followed by either lactated Ringer's solution (0.04 mL kg-1, group A), ketamine (2 mg kg-1, group AK) or midazolam (0.2 mg kg-1, group AM) and completed with alfaxalone until endotracheal intubation was achieved. Anaesthesia was maintained with alfaxalone (6 mg kg-1 hour-1), adjusted (±20%) every 5 minutes to maintain a suitable level of anaesthesia. Ketamine (0.6 mg kg-1 hour-1) or midazolam (0.4 mg kg-1 hour-1) were employed for anaesthetic maintenance in groups AK and AM, respectively. Physiological variables were monitored during anaesthesia. Times from alfaxalone discontinuation to extubation, sternal recumbency and standing position were calculated. Recovery quality and incidence of adverse events were recorded. Groups were compared using parametric analysis of variance and nonparametric (Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square, Fisher's exact) tests as appropriate, p < 0.05.RESULTS:
Midazolam significantly reduced alfaxalone induction and maintenance doses (46%; p = 0.034 and 32%, p = 0.012, respectively), whereas ketamine only reduced the alfaxalone induction dose (30%; p = 0.010). Recovery quality was unacceptable in nine dogs in group A, three dogs in group AK and three dogs in group AM. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Midazolam, but not ketamine, reduced the alfaxalone infusion rate, and both co-adjuvant drugs reduced the alfaxalone induction dose. Alfaxalone TIVA allowed anaesthetic maintenance for dental procedures in dogs, but the quality of anaesthetic recovery remained unacceptable irrespective of its combination with ketamine or midazolam.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Pregnanodionas
/
Midazolam
/
Anestésicos Intravenosos
/
Perros
/
Ketamina
/
Anestesia Intravenosa
Límite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Vet Anaesth Analg
Asunto de la revista:
ANESTESIOLOGIA
/
MEDICINA VETERINARIA
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
España