Lessons from bright-spots for advancing knowledge exchange at the interface of marine science and policy.

Evidence-informed decision-making is in increasing demand given growing pressures on marine environments. A way to facilitate this is by knowledge exchange among marine scientists and decision-makers. While many barriers are reported in the literature, there are also examples whereby research has successfully informed marine decision-making (i.e., 'bright-spots'). Here, we identify and analyze 25 bright-spots from a wide range of marine fields, contexts, and locations to provide insights into how to improve knowledge exchange at the interface of marine science and policy. Through qualitative surveys we investigate what initiated the bright-spots, their goals, and approaches to knowledge exchange. We also seek to identify what outcomes/impacts have been achieved, the enablers of success, and what lessons can be learnt to guide future knowledge exchange efforts. Results show that a diversity of approaches were used for knowledge exchange, from consultative engagement to genuine knowledge co-production. We show that diverse successes at the interface of marine science and policy are achievable and include impacts on policy, people, and governance. Such successes were enabled by factors related to the actors, processes, support, context, and timing. For example, the importance of involving diverse actors and managing positive relationships is a key lesson for success. However, enabling routine success will require: 1) transforming the ways in which we train scientists to include a greater focus on interpersonal skills, 2) institutionalizing and supporting knowledge exchange activities in organizational agendas, 3) conceptualizing and implementing broader research impact metrics, and 4) transforming funding mechanisms to focus on need-based interventions, impact planning, and an acknowledgement of the required time and effort that underpin knowledge exchange activities.

Advanced Lipoproteins and Lipidomic Profile in Plasma Determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Before and After Bariatric Surgery.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is related to cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension, which increase mortality. Basic lipid determinations could underestimate the true atherogenic risk of patients and the impact of bariatric surgery. The objective of the study is to demonstrate the change in the advanced molecular profile of lipoproteins determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in plasma after bariatric surgery, thus reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive, observational, and prospective study in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Advanced lipid profile was analyzed in plasma from the immediate preoperative period and at the 18th postoperative month by sending samples and performing plasma magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the BiosferTreslab® laboratory. RESULTS: Fifty-two patients were included. Average age of 46.3 years; 63.46% were women, 36.54% men. The average BMI was 43.57; the abdominal perimeter 133.50 cm; 32.6% were diabetics under medical treatment, 44.23% hypertensive, and 19.23% smokers; 86.53% of the patients presented alterations in at least one of the analytical parameters in the lipid study. Twenty-nine (55.7%) underwent banded gastric bypass (PGB), 19.23% underwent GBP, and 17.31% vertical gastrectomy. The rest were revision surgeries, two BPG-A and two biliopancreatic diversions after GV. All patients presented some improvement in advanced molecular profile of lipoproteins. Twenty percent of the patients normalized all the parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric surgery improves advanced molecular profile of lipoproteins, decreasing CVRF. Analysis of the characteristics of lipoprotein particles by NMR spectrometry is optimal for studying lipoprotein metabolism in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

Sustained hyperkalemia in an asymptomatic primary care patient. When to suspect familial pseudohyperkalemia.

Objectives: Study and management of a case with elevated potassium levels without apparent clinical causes in successive follow-up visits. Case presentation: We present the case of a primary care female patient who persistently exhibited elevated levels of potassium (5.3-5.9 mmol/L) in successive control laboratory tests, without an apparent clinical cause. The patient was ultimately referred to the Unit of Nephrology, where a potassium-low diet was indicated. Diet did not have any effect on potassium levels. After a thorough study, the cause of hyperkalemia could not be determined. Conclusions: The inconsistency between elevated potassium levels and the reason of consultation, and exclusion of other pre-analytical or pathological causes raised suspicion of familial pseudohyperkalemia. The sample was incubated at different times and temperatures to demonstrate their influence on levels of potassium in blood. Familial pseudohyperkalemia was established as the most probable diagnosis. Finally, the patient was discharged from the Unit of Nephrology and instructed to follow a normal diet.

Seudohiperfosfatemia analítica como punto de partida en el diagnóstico de una disproteinemia / Role of pseudo-hyperphosphataemia in the diagnosis of dysproteinaemia

El fósforo es el segundo mineral más abundante en el organismo. Su homeostasis se consigue mantener a través de varios mecanismos mediados principalmente por el riñón, el intestino y el hueso. Se han descrito interferencias en la medición del fósforo que pueden provocar una seudohiperfosfatemia. La causa más frecuente es la presencia de una paraproteína en el suero de los pacientes con mieloma múltiple, macroglobulinemia de Waldenström y gammapatía monoclonal de significado incierto. En los casos de hiperfosfatemia sin causa aparente que la pueda justificar, es importante tener en cuenta la existencia de una seudohiperfosfatemia causada por la presencia de las paraproteínas en sangre en los autoanalizadores de química líquida. El sistema multicapa de Vitros(R) 5600 es un método rápido y fiable para solucionar este problema

Phosphorus is the second most important mineral in the body. Its homeostasis is maintained through several mechanisms mediated mainly by the kidney, intestine, and bone. Interferences have been described in the measurement of phosphorus that could suggest a pseudo-hyperphosphataemia. The most frequent cause was the presence of a paraprotein in the serum of patients with multiple myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinaemia, or monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance, was described as the most frequent cause of interference in phosphorus assay using liquid chemistry autoanalysers. When hyperphosphataemia is present, and no apparent cause can justify it, it is important to consider the possibility of a pseudo-hyperphosphataemia caused mainly by the presence of a paraprotein. The Vitros(R) 5600 multilayer system can be used as a fast and reliable method to avoid this interference

[Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from color developers used in automatic developing]. / Dermatitis de contacto alérgica profesional por reveladores de color del proceso de revelado automático.

The color developers CD2, CD3 and CD4 and the black-and-white developer TSS are well known contact allergens that affect those who work in photographic processing. The frequency of occupational allergic contact dermatitis from color developers has decreased in recent years because of the fact that most photo developing takes place automatically, reducing exposure to different chemicals used in developing. We present a case of occupational allergic contact dermatitis in a non-atopic male who had worked for the last 5 years in a photography shop equipped with an automatic developing machine. The clinical morphology of the lesions was eczematous, and the patch tests showed contact sensitization to CD2, CD3, CD4 and TSS. The clinical symptoms cleared up when direct contact with the developing product containing CD3 and CD4 was avoided.

Dermatitis de contacto alérgica profesional por reveladores de color del proceso de revelado automático / Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from color developers used in automatic developing

Los reveladores de color CD2, CD3 y CD4 y el revelador en blanco y negro TSS son alérgenos de contacto bien conocidos que afectan a los trabajadores de procesos fotográficos. La frecuencia del eczema de contacto alérgico profesional por reveladores de color ha disminuido en los últimos años debido a que la mayoría de los revelados fotográficos se realizan de forma automática, reduciéndose la exposición a diversos químicos utilizados en el revelado. Se presenta un caso de dermatitis de contacto alérgica profesional en un varón no atópico, que había trabajado los últimos 5 años en una tienda de fotografía equipada con una máquina de revelado automático. La morfología clínica de las lesiones fue eczematosa, y las pruebas del parche pusieron de manifiesto una sensibilización de contacto al CD2, CD3, CD4 y TSS. El cuadro clínico se resolvió al evitar el contacto directo con el producto de revelado que contenía CD3 y CD4

The color developers CD2, CD3 and CD4 and the black-and-white developer TSS are well known contact allergens that affect those who work in photographic processing. The frequency of occupational allergic contact dermatitis from color developers has decreased in recent years because of the fact that most photo developing takes place automatically, reducing exposure to different chemicals used in developing. We present a case of occupational allergic contact dermatitis in a non-atopic male who had worked for the last 5 years in a photography shop equipped with an automatic developing machine. The clinical morphology of the lesions was eczematous, and the patch tests showed contact sensitization to CD2, CD3, CD4 and TSS. The clinical symptoms cleared up when direct contact with the developing product containing CD3 and CD4 was avoided