Design and Performance of Small-Molecule Donors with Donor-π-Acceptor Architecture Toward Vacuum-Deposited Organic Photovoltaics Having Heretofore Highest Short-Circuit Current Density.

The development of high-performance organic photovoltaic materials is of crucial importance for the commercialization of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, two structurally simple donor-π-conjugated linker-acceptor (D-π-A)-configured small-molecule donors with methyl-substituted triphenylamine as D unit, 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone as A unit, and thiophene or furan as π-conjugated linker, named DTICPT and DTICPF, are developed. DTICPT and DTICPF are facilely prepared via a two-step synthetic process with simple procedures. DTICPF with a furan π-conjugated linker exhibits stronger and broader optical absorption, deeper highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels, and better charge transport, compared to its thiophene analog DTICPT. As a result, vacuum-deposited OSCs based on DTICPF: C70 show an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.36% (certified 9.15%) with short-circuit current density (Jsc) up to 17.49 mA cm-2 (certified 17.56 mA cm-2), which is the highest Jsc reported so far for vacuum-deposited OSCs. Besides, devices based on DTICPT: C70 and DTICPF: C70 exhibit excellent long-term stability under different aging conditions. This work offers important insights into the rational design of D-π-A configured small-molecule donors for high efficient and stable vacuum-deposited OSCs.

Demographic diversity of participants in clinical trials conducted in Singapore.

Introduction: The under-representativeness of participants in clinical trials limits the generalisability of results. This review evaluates the representative-ness within pharmaceutical randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in Singapore. Method: Four bibliographic databases were searched for papers on pharmaceutical RCTs which included Singapore adults (≥18 years old), published between 2017 and 2022. The demographic characteristics of study participants were compared against the population in the 2020 Singapore census. Recruitment strategies and authors' comments on the generalisa-bility of their findings were reviewed. Results: Thirty-three publications were included (19 Singapore-only studies and 14 multiregional trials which included Singapore). Where data were available, we found that females and Indians were under-represented compared to the census (41.3% versus [vs] 51.1%, P<0.05; 7.3% vs 9.0%, P<0.05). Ethnic diversity varied between individual studies, and almost half (46.2%) of Singapore-only studies achieved census levels. However, more than one-third of the trials provided no data (31.6%) or partial data (5.3%) on ethnicity. Half of the multiregional publications stated the number of participants recruited from Singapore, but only 1 reported any detail beyond Asian participants. Recruitment strategies were mentioned in fewer than half (42.4%), and less than a quarter (24.2%) commented on sample representative-ness or the external validity of the evidence generated. Conclusion: There is room for improvement regarding the recruitment of RCT participants in Singapore, with particular attention to female gender and Indian ethnicity. Demographic data should also be presented in full. RCTs should be designed and reported such that clinicians can ascertain the generalisability to the Singapore population and the potential benefits from the studied interventions in clinical practice.

Nonlinear Optical Phosphide CuInSi2P4: The Inaugural Member of Diamond-Like Family I-III-IV2-V4 Inspired by ZnGeP2.

Noncentrosymmetric phosphides have garnered significant attention as promising systems of infrared (IR) nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. Herein, a new quaternary diamond-like phosphide family I-III-IV2-V4 and its inaugural member, namely, CuInSi2P4 (CISP), were successfully fabricated by isovalent and aliovalent substitution based on ZnGeP2. First-principles calculations revealed that CISP has a large NLO coefficient (d14 = 110.8 pm/V), which can be attributed to the well-aligned tetrahedral [CuP4], [InP4], and [SiP4] units. Remarkably, the extremely small thermal expansion anisotropy (0.09) of CISP enables it to exhibit a considerable laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT, 5.0 × AgGaS2@1.06 µm) despite the relatively narrow band gap (0.81 eV). This work improves the chemical diversity of inorganic phosphide and promotes the development of phosphide systems, which may provide valuable perspectives for future exploration of IR NLO materials.

HgBr2: an easily growing wide-spectrum birefringent crystal.

Birefringent materials are of great significance to the development of modern optical technology; however, research on halide birefringent crystals with a wide transparent range remains limited. In this work, mercuric bromide (HgBr2) has been investigated for the first time as a promising birefringent material with a wide transparent window spanning from ultraviolet (UV) to far-infrared (far-IR) spectral regions (0.34-22.9 µm). HgBr2 has an exceptionally large birefringence (Δn, 0.235 @ 546 nm), which is 19.6 times that of commercial MgF2. The ordered linear motif [Br-Hg-Br] with high polarizability anisotropy within the molecule is the inherent source of excellent birefringence, making it an efficient building block for birefringent materials. In addition, HgBr2 can be easily grown under mild conditions and remain stable in air for prolonged periods. Studying the birefringent properties of HgBr2 crystals would provide new ideas for future exploration of wide-spectrum birefringent materials.

Crystal structure of AlFe0.95.

Three B2-type inter-metallic AlFe1 - δ phases (0.18 < δ < 0.05) in the Al-Fe binary system were synthesized by smelting and high temperature sinter-ing methods. The exact crystal structure for δ = 0.05 was refined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The amount of vacancy defects at the Fe atom sites was obtained by refining the corresponding site occupancy factor, converging to the chemical formula AlFe0.95, with a structure identical to that of ideal AlFe models inferred from powder X-ray or neutron diffraction patterns.

Screening of gene differential expression of adenosine deaminase RNA specific 1 in cervical cancer cells based on transcriptome sequencing technology / 实用医学杂志

Objective To analyze the regulation of gene expression by adenosine deaminase RNA specific 1(ADAR1)in cervical cancer cell line Hela using RNA-seq technology and provide theoretical basis for understanding the role of ADAR1 in the occurrence and progression of cervical cancer.Methods RNA-seq sequencing of normal and ADAR1 knockdown Hela cell lines to identify differentially expressed genes.By conducting enrichment analysis using KEGG Pathway,GO cellular,and GSEA,the study analyzes the relevant signaling pathways and biological processes involving ADAR1 in Hela cell lines.Results Differentially expressed genes are mainly enriched in immune and inflammation-related signaling pathways(such as TNF-α/NF-κB,NIK/NF-κB,Jak/Stat-IL-6),Hippo signaling pathway,TGF-β signaling pathway,and are involved in interferon response,cellular amino acid metabo-lism regulation,protein ubiquitination/deubiquitination,viral transcription,and other biological processes.Further analysis of the NF-κB signaling pathway revealed a significant increase in the mRNA expression levels of NF-κB1 and TRAF5 after ADAR1 knockdown.Conclusion ADAR1 may regulate the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway-related factors and thereby regulate the occurrence and development of cervical cancer.

Value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in children with severe infectious diseases / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the application value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in children with severe infectious diseases.@*METHODS@#An analysis was performed on the clinical data and laboratory test results of 29 children with severe infection who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from June 2018 to December 2020. Conventional pathogen culture was performed for the 29 specimens (27 peripheral blood specimens and 2 pleural effusion specimens) from the 29 children, and mNGS pathogen detection was performed at the same time.@*RESULTS@#Among the 29 children, 2 tested positive by conventional pathogen culture with 2 strains of pathogen, and the detection rate was 7% (2/29); however, 20 children tested positive by mNGS with 38 strains of pathogen, and the detection rate was 69% (20/29). The pathogen detection rate of mNGS was significantly higher than that of conventional pathogen culture (P<0.05), and mNGS could detect the viruses, fungi, and other special pathogens that conventional pathogen culture failed to detect, such as Orientia tsutsugamushi. The univariate analysis showed that gender, routine blood test results, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, D-dimer, radiological findings, and whether antibiotics were used before admission did not affect the results of mNGS (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Compared with conventional pathogen culture, mNGS is more sensitive for pathogen detection, with fewer interference factors. Therefore, it is a better pathogenic diagnosis method for severe infectious diseases in children.

Mechanism of Biejiajian Wan Against EMT of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Through NF-κB Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Biejiajian Wan （BJJW） on transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） of HepG2 cells， and explore its mechanism against EMT of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. MethodHepG2 cells were randomly divided into a blank group， a TGF-β1 model group （10 μg·L-1 TGF-β1）， a low-dose BJJW group （10 μg·L-1 TGF-β1+0.55 g·kg-1 BJJW）， a medium-dose BJJW group （10 μg·L-1 TGF-β1+1.1 g·kg-1 BJJW）， a high-dose BJJW group （10 μg·L-1 TGF-β1+2.2 g·kg-1 BJJW）， and a sorafenib group （10 μg·L-1 TGF-β1+0.03 g·kg-1 sorafenib）. The EMT model was induced by 10 μg·L-1 TGF-β1 in HepG2 cells. After treatment with corresponding medicated serum， cell counting kit -8 （CCK-8） assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Cell migration ability was detected by the Transwell assay and wound healing assay. The protein expression related to EMT and nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB） signaling pathway was detected by cell immunofluorescence assay and Western blot. ResultCompared with the blank group 4 days later， the TGF-β1 model group showed fusiform and loose cells with widened gap and antennae reaching out， decreased protein expression of E-cadherin （P<0.05）， and increased protein expression of N-cadherin and vimentin （P<0.05）， which indicated that the EMT model was properly induced in HepG2 cells by TGF-β1 stimulation for 4 days. After 48 hours of treatment with the corresponding medicated serum， each medication group showed inhibited proliferation of HepG2 cells that had undergone EMT， especially the low- and high-dose BJJW groups （P<0.01）， and the medium-dose BJJW group showed increased E-cadherin protein expression （P<0.05） and decreased p-p65， N-cadherin， and vimentin protein expression （P<0.05）， as compared with the TGF-β1 model group. As revealed by the transwell assay and wound healing assay， TGF-β1 enhanced the migration ability of HepG2 cells （P<0.05， P<0.01） compared with the results in the blank group， compared with the TGF-β1 model group， the medication groups showed inhibited migration ability of HepG2 cells （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， the TGF-β1 model group promoted the expression of p65 and Snail into the nucleus. Compared with the TGF-β1 model group， the medication groups inhibited the expression of p65 and Snail into the nucleus. ConclusionBJJW may inhibit the EMT， proliferation， and migration of HepG2 cells induced by TGF-β1 by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway to exert an anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effect.

Development Progress of Ventilator / 中国医疗器械杂志

Ventilator is an indispensable emergency medical equipment in hospitals. The global outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has highlighted the importance of the ventilator, which has attracted the attention and research on ventilators of all countries in the world. This article reviews the development history of the ventilator, briefly introduces the main air circuit structure and working principle of the ventilator, and then deeply analyzes the key technologies of this device. In addition, it compares some major brands of ventilators from several aspects in the market. Finally, the development trend and perspective of ventilators are presented.

Design of Pulse Signal Acquisition System of Adaptive Wide Dynamic Range Based on ADS125H02 / 中国医疗器械杂志

In order to solve the problem of wide input range of photocurrent, aiming at the shortage of existing pulse signal acquisition system, an adaptive pulse signal acquisition system based on ADS125H02 is designed, which has high collection accuracy, low noise, anti-interference, wide input range, high integration, etc. The measurement range of the system can reach ±10 V, and the accuracy is 0.009 μV. Experimental tests show that the design of the system can extract weak pulse signals, and has good practicality.

Application value of dual-source CT in the component analysis of urinary calculi in children / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the application value of dual-source CT in detecting the components of urinary calculi in children.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 433 children treated for urinary calculi in the Urological Center, People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from March 2018 to January 2021 was performed in parallel with dual-source CT examination. The data was processed by the post-processing workstation and the stone composition was analyzed. The analysis results were compared with the results of infrared spectroscopy, and the accuracy of dual-source CT analysis of stones and the predictive value of dual-source CT various measurement indexes for the types of stones were compared. The measurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviation ( Mean± SD), and the comparison of the measurement indexes of each stone type [average CT value, dual energy difference, dual energy ratio and dual energy index (DEI)] were compared by One-way Anova analysis of variance. Draw receiver operator characteristic curve and calculate the area under the curve (AVC), then evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of each index. Results:Dual-source CT detected 282 calcium oxalate stones, 238 calcium phosphate stones, 39 uric acid stones and 7 cystine stones. Compared with the results of infrared spectroscopy, the accuracy rates of dual-source for calcium oxalate stones and hydroxyapatite stones were 84.2% and 81.8%, respectively. Both uric acid stones and cystine stones were accurately detected. In addition, dual energy difference, dual energy ratio, and DEI have reliable predictive value for calcium oxalate stones and calcium phosphate stones, especially dual energy ratio and DEI, both AUC>0.75.Conclusion:Using advanced post-processing analysis methods, dual-source CT can reliably analyze the components of children′s urinary tract stones, and provide a reference for choosing personalized treatment plans.

Mechanism of Biejiajian Wan in Reversing EMT in Rat Hetapic Oval Cells via Wnt/ β-catenin Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the effect of Biejiajian Wan on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） of rat hepatic oval cells induced by transforming growth factor- β1（TGF-β1）， in order to explore its mechanism in reversing EMT. Method:WB-F344 cells were divided into five groups： blank group， TGF-β1 model group （10 μg·L-1TGF-β1）， low-dose group （10 μg·L-1TGF-β1+0.55 g·kg-1Biejiajian Wan）， medium-dose group （10 μg·L-1TGF-β1+1.1 g·kg-1Biejiajian Wan）， high-dose group （10 μg·L-1TGF-β1+2.2 g·kg-1Biejiajian Wan）. Except blank group， TGF-β1 was used to induce WB-F344 cells in all of the remaining groups to construct an EMT model. After the cells were treated with low， medium and high doses of Biejiajian Wan serum， the changes of migration ability of WB-F344 cells were detected by cell scratching test. The expressions of E-cadherin， N-cadherin and Vimentin were detected by Western blot. Real-time PCR was used to detect the changes in the expression of β-catenin mRNA. The expression of β-catenin was detected by cell immunofluorescence assay. Result:Compared with normal WB-F344 cells， the intercellular space of WB-F344 cells became loose from tight， and the morphology changed from cobblestone to fibroblast after TGF-β1 induced WB-F344 cells for 4 days， and the expression of E-cadherin protein decreased， while the expression of N-cadherin protein increased （P<0.01）， indicating that the EMT model of WB-F344 cells was successfully built. Compared with the blank group， the migration ability of WB-F344 cells in TGF-β1 model group was enhanced （P<0.01）， compared with TGF-β1 model group， Biejiajian Wan could significantly inhibit the migration ability of WB-F344 cells； specifically， the low-dose group had no statistical significance， and the medium and high-dose groups had statistical significance （P<0.05）. Western blot results showed that compared with the blank group， the expression of E-cadherin decreased， whereas those of N-cadherin and Vimentin increased in the TGF-β1 model group （P<0.01）， compared with TGF-β1 model group， E-cadherin protein expression was increased in the low， medium and high-dose groups， while the expressions of N-cadherin and Vimentin was decreased； specifically， the low-dose groups had no statistical significance， and the medium and high dose groups had statistical significance （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Real-time PCR results showed that compared with the blank group， the mRNA expression of β-catenin in the TGF-β1 model group was increased （P<0.05）， whereas compared with TGF-β1 model group， the mRNA expression of β-catenin in the low， medium and high-dose groups of Biejiajian Wan was reduced （P<0.01）. The results of cellular immunofluorescence showed that compared with the blank group， the fluorescence expression of β-catenin in the cell nucleus was enhanced in the TGF-β1 model group； and compared with the TGF-β1 model group， the expression of β -catenin in the cell nucleus of the low， medium and high-dose groups of Biejiajian Wan decreased， and the inhibitory effect of Biejiajian Wan on β-catenin in the cell nucleus was positively correlated with its concentration. Conclusion:Biejiajian Wan may reverse the EMT process that TGF-β1 induced WB-F344 cells， and inhibit the migration of WB-F344 cells by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Design of Multi-parameter Monitoring System Based on Embedded Linux+Qt / 中国医疗器械杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To establish the system software of multi-parameter monitoring by embedded Linux kernel and Qt library.@*METHODS@#To determine the hardware system needed for the development of the system, carry out system Bootloader (Bootloader), Linux kernel, file system and Qt/Embedded (QtE) tailoring and transplantation and application development on the basis of the hardware system, and achieve the characteristic UI design.@*RESULTS@#The changes of physiological parameters were observed in real time to improve the stability and real-time performance of the whole system and increase users' experience with QtE.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The embedded Linux+Qt multi-reference monitoring system can improve the stability, operability and functionality of real-time monitoring and multi-physiological information, and has good extensibility and maintainability.

Development of Multi-parameter Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test System / 中国医疗器械杂志

In order to comprehensively evaluate the human body's functions of breathing, heart function and circulation metabolism under controlled conditions to diagnose respiratory and cardiac functions, a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) system was developed. The system is divided into two parts:hardware and software. The hardware part includes measurement of six life information monitoring signals such as 12-lead ECG, respiratory mechanics, blood pressure, blood oxygen, carbon dioxide and oxygen. The software part realizes waveform display, storage and playback, et al. The experimental results show that the system is safe and reliable which provides reliable measurement parameters for evaluating human respiratory, cardiac function, circulation, metabolism and other functions. It has a good application prospect.

Colorectal Cancer Modeling and Difference Analysis in Cold and Heat Conditions / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the correlation between the occurrence of colorectal cancer and different internal environment （cold and heat）. Method:The 70 Wistar rats （male and female） were randomly divided into blank group （10 cases）， cold model group （30 cases） and heat model group （30 cases）. The cold syndrome model was made by intragastric infusion of cold water （0 ℃） and soaking in cold water （10 ℃）. The heat model was made by ethanol （30%） and capsaicin solution （0.9 g·L-1）. The blank group was given normal saline by gavage， 10 mL·kg-1·d-1， for 5 consecutive weeks. The colorectal cancer model was made by subcutaneous injection of DMH solution in the back of neck in the cold model group and heat model group at the 6th week， 25 mg·kg-1，once a week，for 12 consecutive times. During the carcinogenesis， only 30% ethanol solution was given to the heat model group， and the modeling was maintained in cold model group， 10 mL·kg-1·d-1， for 38 weeks. The general state of the rats in each group was observed， and the changes of food intake and body weight were measured. At the 27th， 29th， 32th， 35th and 38th weeks， samples were collected in batches. Intestinal tissues were subjected to hematoxylin-eosin staining （HE） and detection of sodium， potassium-adenosine triphosphate （Na+ K+-ATP）， calcium， magnesium-adenosine triphosphate （Ca2+ Mg2+-ATP） activity， lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） activity and succinate dehydrogenase （SDH） activity. Result:The symptoms of hematochezia and ascites in cold model group were earlier than those in heat model group. As compared with the blank group， the food intake and body weight were decreased in cold model group and heat model group. As compared with the blank group， the length of the large intestine was shorter in cold model group at the 32nd and 35th week （P<0.05）， the activities of Na+ K+-ATP， Ca2+ Mg2+-ATP increased significantly in heat model group at the 27th， 29th and 38th week （P<0.05， P<0.01）， the SDH enzyme activity was decreased in the cold model group at the 29th and 35th week （P<0.05， P<0.01）， the SDH enzyme activity was significantly increased in the heat model group at the 38th week （P<0.01）. At the 27th week， LDH enzyme activity was significantly reduced in cold model group （P<0.01）. The LDH activity was increased significantly in heat model group at 29th and 32nd week （P<0.05， P<0.01）. As compared with the heat model group， the large intestine texture of the cold model rats showed greater brittleness， aggravated fibrosis， more obvious fibroproliferative characteristics， higher tumor incidence， and more serious tumor differentiation. The Na+ K+-ATP， Ca2+ Mg2+-ATP enzyme activities of the cold model rats were significantly reduced at 27th， 29th， and 38th weeks （P<0.01）， the SDH enzyme activity was significantly reduced in the cold model rats at 29th and 38th weeks （P<0.01）， the LDH activity was reduced in the cold model group at 32nd week （P<0.05）. Conclusion:Cold environment for colorectal cancer promotes tumorigenesis， and the hot environment can also promote tumorigenesis in a later stage.

Design of Treatment System for Poor Peripheral Circulation Using Air Wave Pressure Based on STM32 Microprocessor / 中国医疗器械杂志

This study designs an intermittent pneumatic pressurization device with STM32 series single chip as the core. The working state of the air pump and the plurality of air chambers is controlled by the IO port of the single chip microcomputer, and the circulating inflation of the plurality of air bags is realized. The pressure monitoring system consists of a silicon piezoresistive pressure sensor, a high-precision operational amplifier and a 12-bit AD converter which monitors the gas pressure of each gas path in real time to ensure the safety of the equipment. The system is easy to operate, simple in function, and has strong practicability.

Mechanism of Biejia Jianwan in Suppressing Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition in DEN-induced Rat Hepatocellular Carcinoma via TGF-β/Smad Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the effect of Biejia Jianwan on expressions of signal molecules and target genes of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad pathway in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced rat hepatocellular carcinoma, and explore the mechanisms of Biejia Jianwan suppressing the invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma. Method:The rats were divided into three group, namely normal group, model group and Biejia Jianwan group (2.2 g·kg-1·d-1). Rats in Biejia Jianwan group and model group received intraperitoneal injections of DEN to induce sequential chronic inflammation, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. At the sign of cirrhosis, rats in Biejia Jianwan group began taking Biejia Jianwan by gavage for 6 weeks. Rat blood was collected to measure serum levels of biochemical markers of liver function tests, including alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), total bilirubin(TBIL), albumin(Alb), γ-glutamyl transpeptadase(GGT), alkaline phosphatase(ALP). Rat livers were fixed in formalin and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE)staining， quantitative real-time PCR was used to test the mRNA expressions of TGF-β1， and Western blot was used to test protein expressions of TGF-β1, Smad2/3, p-Smad2/3, N-cadherin, E-cadherin and Vimentin. Result:All of the levels of biochemical markers showed no difference in Biejia Jianwan group and model group. Biejia Jianwan could improve the pathological changes of balloon-like degeneration, edema, and necrosis in liver cancer tissues. Importantly, the treatment dramatically decreased the mRNA expression of TGF-β1(P<0.01), and the protein expressions of TGF-β1, p-Smad2(P<0.01). Besides, the protein expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin were decreased significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion:Biejia Jianwan can inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hepatocellular carcinoma cells activated via TGF-β/Smad pathway by reducing TGF-β1 expression, so as to suppress the metastasis and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Role of Oxalobacter formigenes in preventing calcium oxalate kidney stones / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To screen Oxalobacter formigenes (OxF) from fresh feces of healthy adults,and study its effect on the the prevention of calcium oxalate kidney stones.Methods OxF was screened and cultured from fresh feces of healthy adults.The rat model of calcium oxalate stone was established by esophageal gavage of 0.8％ of ethylene glycol.Rats were divided into a control group and four groups of rats with ethylene glycol-induced calcium oxalate kidney stones according to random number table.Three groups were treated with 106 CFU,107 CFU,108 CFU viable OxF every day,respectively,for 4 weeks.The blood and 24-hour urine samples were collected to detect the serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,serum and urine calcium,phosphorus,magnesium and urine oxalate every week.At the end of the 4th week,the rats were sacrificed and the kidney tissues were stained with HE and Yasue.The deposition and content of calcium oxalate crystals were observed under a light microscope.Results The bacteria strain isolated from fresh feces of healthy adults was 100％ as same as the known ATCC35274 bacteria strain,which means the strain screened is OxF.Among the 5 groups,there were no significant differences in body weight,Scr,BUN,serum calcium,blood magnesium,blood phosphorus,urinary magnesium and urinary phosphorus.The 24-hour urinary calcium excretion in the model group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).After intervention with OxF solution,the 24-hour urinary calcium excretion in the 108 CFU OxF group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P ＜ 0.05),while there was no significant difference between the other intervention groups and the model.The oxalic acid excretion of 106 CFU OxF group and 107 CFU OxF group was lower than that of the model,but the difference did not reach statistical significance (P＞ 0.05).The 24 h oxalic acid excretion in the 108 CFU OxF group was significantly lower than that of the model at the end of first week (P ＜ 0.05),and continued to decrease for the next 3 weeks.After 4 weeks of intervention,no crystal formation was observed in the control group under the deflection microscope,but a large amount of calcium oxalate crystals were formed in the renal cortex and renal medulla.The crystals were piled up and connected to each other.Yasue staining coincided with the calcium oxalate crystal in the same part of the kidneys.Compared with the model,there was no significant change in the score of calcium oxalate crystal in the kidneys of 106 CFU OxF group and 107 CFU OxF group,while the score of calcium oxalate crystal in the kidneys of 108 CFU OxF group was significantly lower (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions OxF are successively screened from healthy adults.Daily administration of 108 CFU OxF can safely and effectively reduce the urinary oxalic acid excretion,prevent the formation of calcium oxalate crystals and inhibit the formation of stones in kidneys of rats.

Development of a Portable Pulse Oxymetry Simulator System / 中国医疗器械杂志

This article describes the design of a portable blood oxygen simulation system that can be used to simulate various blood gas saturation states of the human body. The system can be used to simulate various states of blood gas saturation, and can also simulate large blood oxygen saturation dynamic range, pulse rate range and perfusion index range. It can be used for testing, but not for clinical examination instruments. Moreover, the system has the characteristics of small size and low cost compared with the commercial blood oxygen simulator. Although the simulation system is not directly used for the detection of blood gas saturation of patients, it is also an essential equipment in the production and testing process, so it has certain practical value.

Analysis of MRI signs of premature infants with hypoxic ischemic brain damage / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To explore the pathophysiology and MRI features of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in premature and the correlation with the degree of hypoxia,and to improve the understanding of this disease.Methods Thirty patients with clinically diagnosed hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in preterm infants were examined by MRI and the MRI findings were analyzed. Results Of the 30 children, 7 cases suffered from single subventricular hemorrhage; 6 cases had subventricular hemorrhage combined with a small amount of hemorrhage in the periventricular white matter; 4 cases had subarachnoid hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage;2 cases had subarachnoid hemorrhage;9 cases had periventricular white matter injury; 2 cases had hemorrhagic cerebral infarction. Conclusion MRI findings of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in premature infants are complex and diverse,and are associated with multiple signs.There is no specific relationship between MRI signs and the degree of perinatal hypoxia.MRI can accurately detect the lesion,and provide a reliable imaging basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.