Systematic Review of the Psychopathological Symptomatology and Neuropsychological Disorders of Chronic Primary Musculoskeletal Pain.

Chronic pain can develop without tissue damage, injury, or underlying illness. There are several intervening biological, psychological, and social factors involved in its appearance that significantly affect the activities of daily life. It is also associated with significant emotional anxiety and/or functional disability. This review systematically analyses works published in the last five years that evaluate the psychopathological symptomatology and neuropsychological disorders of chronic primary musculoskeletal pain (CPMP). A bibliographic search was carried out to identify articles published in English between January 2018 and March 2023 using the Medline, Scopus, PsycInfo, and Pubmed databases. Twenty articles were obtained using the PRISMA selection method. The main results of this study provided evidence of the presence of moderate and severe chronic pain in patients suffering from musculoskeletal pain. This increase in the intensity of pain correlates with greater psychopathological symptomatology, such as depression, anxiety, insomnia, lack of attention, and hyperactivity/impulsiveness, as well as the use of maladaptive coping strategies. Furthermore, there exists dysfunction in the cerebral structures related to attention and the processing of pain in patients with CPMP. This review may help to develop and optimise the multidisciplinary treatments adapted to the deficits caused by this illness.

Behavioral and Emotional Difficulties and Personal Wellbeing of Adolescents in Residential Care.

This work studies the emotional and behavioural difficulties and the personal wellbeing of adolescents under protective measures. The sample is made up of 151 adolescents in residential care between 11 and 17 years of age. The instruments used were the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI). The results indicate that a high percentage of adolescents have emotional and behavioural difficulties. We found a greater presence of behavioural rather than emotional problems in the adolescents. Similarly, we also found that females showed more emotional difficulties than the males. As for personal wellbeing, the results indicate that the adolescents are dissatisfied in several areas of their life, they feel insecure and have a pessimistic view of their future and of their achievements. Furthermore, those adolescents who were admitted to residential care due to something other than child abuse have a greater prosocial behaviour. It can be concluded that the more difficulties the adolescents experience (emotional, behavioural and with their peers), the lower the perception of their personal wellbeing will be. This study allows us to design interventions aimed at promoting psychological wellbeing among these adolescents.

Psychopathological and neuropsychological disorders associated with chronic primary visceral pain: Systematic review.

The World Health Organization (WHO), in its last review of its International Classification of Diseases, established a new classification for chronic pain. Among the principal categories, of particular interest is chronic primary pain as a new type of diagnosis in those cases in which the etiology of the disease is not clear, being termed as chronic primary visceral pain when it is situated in the thorax, abdomen, or pelvis. Due to the novelty of the term, the objective of the systematic review was to examine the psychopathological and neuropsychological disorders associated with chronic primary visceral pain. We carried out a search of the scientific literature following the PRISMA directives using the Pubmed, Medline, PsycInfo and Scopus databases. A total of 33 articles were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analysis of the studies showed that most persons with chronic primary visceral pain suffer from at least one psychological disorder; the most prevalent being anxiety, depressive or somatoform disorders. The most frequent psychopathological symptoms are anxiety, depression and somatization. Similarly, the findings are insufficient to determine the existence of deficits in the domains of executive functioning, memory and intelligence. However, the existence of attention biases does seem to be clear. This review supposes a starting point for conceptualizing chronic primary visceral pain. It is necessary to continue further research so as to obtain a better understanding of this pathology and the disorders associated.

Competencias emocionales de condenados en prisión por delitos de violencia de género / Emotional competences of convicts in prison for gender violence crimes

Este estudio busca analizar la inteligencia emocional y la empatía cognitiva y afectiva en una muestra de 128 condenados por violencia de género, recluidos en varias prisiones de España, así como el valor predictivo de la inteligencia emocional sobre el constructo de la empatía. Se aplicó la adaptación española de la "Escala rasgo de metaconocimiento de los estados emocionales" (TMMS-24) y el "Test de empatía cognitiva y afectiva" (TECA). Se comprobó que la muestra dispone de un adecuado metaconocimiento de los estados emocionales, siendo conscientes de sus propias emociones y mostrando destreza para regularlas además de presentar unos niveles medios de empatía cognitiva y afectiva. Se ha encontrado además que una mejor comprensión y regulación de las propias emociones (componentes de la inteligencia emocional) se relacionaría y, a su vez predeciría, un adecuado reconocimiento de los estados emocionales de la otra persona y de la capacidad de ponerse en su lugar (empatía cognitiva)

This study analyzes emotional intelligence and cognitive and affective empathy in a sample of 128 convicts of gender violence, incarcerated in different Spanish prisons; and the predictive value of emotional intelligence on the empathy construct. The Spanish adaptation of the Meta-Mood Scale Trait (TMMS-24) and the Cognitive and Affective Empathy Test (TECA) were applied for this research. The results suggest that the sample has an adequate metaknowledge of emotional states, an awareness of their own emotions and dexterity to regulate these emotions. Also the subjects presented average levels of cognitive and affective empathy. In addition, it was found that a better understanding and regulation of their own emotion (components of emotional intelligence) would relate to and, at the same time, predict an adequate recognition of emotional states of the other person and an ability to put oneself in another's place (cognitive empathy)