RESUMEN
Aim: This study evaluated the antifungal efficacy of gentian violet (GV) in an experimental vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) model. Materials & methods: In vitro susceptibility and cytotoxicity assays were performed to validate the antifungal potential and safety of GV. The antifungal efficacy was then evaluated in vivo through comparative analysis of the fungal burden following treatment with GV or nystatin, as well as assessment of the vaginal tissue by histology and electron microscopy. Results: GV demonstrated a safe antifungal profile against C. albicans, with a significant decrease in fungal burden and an improvement in the inflammatory process evaluated histologically. Conclusion: The results of this study motivate further assessment of GV as a promising alternative for VVC therapy.
Asunto(s)
Candidiasis Vulvovaginal , Femenino , Humanos , Ratones , Animales , Candidiasis Vulvovaginal/tratamiento farmacológico , Candidiasis Vulvovaginal/microbiología , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Violeta de Genciana/uso terapéutico , Candida albicans , Nistatina/farmacología , Nistatina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Aim: To study the behavior of Candida albicans in women with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), recurrent VVC (RVVC) and asymptomatic (AS), regarding adhesion on HeLa cells and their ability to express secreted aspartic proteinases (SAP) genes, agglutinin-like sequence (ALS) genes and HWP1. Materials & methods: The adhesion of Candida albicans to HeLa cells was evaluated by colony-forming units, and the expressed genes were evaluated by qRT-PCR. Results: AS and VVC isolates showed greater ability to adhere HeLa cells when compared with RVVC isolate. Nevertheless, RVVC isolate exhibited upregulation of a large number of genes of ALS and SAP gene families and HWP1 gene. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that RVVC isolate expressed significantly important genes for invasion and yeast-host interactions.
Asunto(s)
Proteasas de Ácido Aspártico/metabolismo , Candida albicans/genética , Candidiasis Vulvovaginal/microbiología , Proteasas de Ácido Aspártico/genética , Candida albicans/enzimología , Candida albicans/crecimiento & desarrollo , Cuello del Útero/microbiología , Femenino , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Proteínas Fúngicas/metabolismo , Regulación Fúngica de la Expresión Génica , Células HeLa , HumanosRESUMEN
Aim: To evaluate changes in virulence and pathogenicity approaches from Candida albicans after successive passages in a murine model of systemic candidiasis. Materials & methods: Phenotypic assays were performed using colonies recovered from animals infected serially, totalizing five passages. Results: A progressive infection was observed along the passages, with increased fungal burden and the presence of greater inflammatory areas in the histopathological findings. Recovered strains exhibited increased filamentation and biofilm abilities, along with modulation of phospholipase and proteinase activities. Conclusion: Repeated contact between yeast and host increased the expression of virulence factors. Furthermore, a correspondence between phenotypic profile and proteomic data obtained previously was observed.
Asunto(s)
Candida albicans/patogenicidad , Candidiasis/microbiología , Factores de Virulencia/metabolismo , Animales , Biopelículas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Candida albicans/crecimiento & desarrollo , Candida albicans/metabolismo , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Citocinas/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Riñón/metabolismo , Riñón/microbiología , Riñón/patología , Ratones , Péptido Hidrolasas/metabolismo , Fosfolipasas/metabolismoRESUMEN
Aim: To compare the pathogenesis of vulvovaginal candidiasis by three Candida species in diabetic mice. Materials & methods: Estrogenized and diabetic mice were challenged with C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. glabrata. Results: Diabetic animals infected with C. albicans and C. tropicalis maintained the highest fungal burden, despite of high levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α), respectively. For C. glabrata, the results were similar in diabetic and nondiabetic groups. Conclusion:C. tropicalis was as invasive as C. albicans, and both were more effective than C. glabrata. This ability was attributed to filamentation, which may be stimulated by glucose levels from vaginal fluid. In addition, the high burden may be attributed to the apparent immunological inefficiency of the diabetic host.
Asunto(s)
Candida albicans/fisiología , Candida glabrata/fisiología , Candida tropicalis/fisiología , Candidiasis Vulvovaginal/microbiología , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/microbiología , Animales , Candida albicans/genética , Candida albicans/aislamiento & purificación , Candida glabrata/genética , Candida glabrata/aislamiento & purificación , Candida tropicalis/genética , Candida tropicalis/aislamiento & purificación , Candidiasis Vulvovaginal/etiología , Candidiasis Vulvovaginal/genética , Candidiasis Vulvovaginal/metabolismo , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/etiología , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/genética , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Interleucina-6/genética , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Ratones , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/genética , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMEN
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic inactivation (PDI) mediated by hypericin encapsulated in P-123 copolymeric micelles (P123-Hyp) alone and in combination with fluconazole (FLU) against planktonic cells and biofilm formation of Candida species Materials & methods: PDI was performed using P123-Hyp and an LED device with irradiance of 3.0 mW/cm2 . Results: Most of isolates (70%) were completely inhibited with concentrations up to 2.0 µmol/l of HYP and light fluence of 16.2 J/cm2. FLU-resistant strains had synergic effect with P123-HYP-PDI and FLU. The biofilm formation was inhibited in all species, in additional the changes in Candida morphology observed by scanning electron microscopy. Conclusion: P123-Hyp-PDI is a promising option to treat fungal infections and medical devices to prevent biofilm formation and fungal spread.