RESUMEN
In this study, two phenol compounds, magnolol and honokiol, were extracted from Magnolia officinalis and identified by LC-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR. The magnolol and honokiol were shown to be effective against seven pathogenic fungi, including Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl, Penicillium expansum (Link) Thom, Alternaria dauci f.sp. solani, Fusarium moniliforme J. Sheld, Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl., Valsa mali Miyabe & G. Yamada, and Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn, with growth inhibition of more than 57%. We also investigated the mechanisms underlying the potential antifungal activity of magnolol and honokiol. The results showed that they inhibited the growth of A. alternata in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, magnolol and honokiol treatment resulted in distorted mycelia and increased the cell membrane permeability of A. alternata, as determined by conductivity measurements. These results suggest that magnolol and honokiol are potential antifungal agents for application against plant fungal diseases.
Asunto(s)
Compuestos de Bifenilo/química , Compuestos de Bifenilo/farmacología , Lignanos/química , Lignanos/farmacología , Magnolia/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedades de las Plantas/microbiología , Alternaria/efectos de los fármacos , Alternaria/patogenicidad , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Magnolia/química , Nicotiana/efectos de los fármacos , Nicotiana/microbiologíaRESUMEN
The coumarin compound of osthole was extracted from Cnidium monnieri and identified by LC-MS and 1H- and 13C-NMR. Osthole was tested for anti-virus activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) using the half-leaf method. The results showed that stronger antiviral activity on TMV infection appeared in Nicotiana glutinosa than that of eugenol and ningnanmycin, with inhibitory, protective, and curative effects of 72.57%, 70.26%, and 61.97%, respectively. Through observation of the TMV particles, we found that osthole could directly affect the viral particles. Correspondingly, the level of coat protein detected by Western blot was significantly reduced when the concentrations of osthole increased in tested plants compared to that of the control. These results suggest that osthole has anti-TMV activity and may be used as a biological reagent to control the plant virus in the half-leaf method.
Asunto(s)
Cnidium/química , Cumarinas/farmacología , Nicotiana/virología , Enfermedades de las Plantas/terapia , Enfermedades de las Plantas/virología , Virus del Mosaico del Tabaco/efectos de los fármacos , Virus del Mosaico del Tabaco/fisiología , Antivirales/farmacología , Proteínas de la Cápside/metabolismo , Cumarinas/química , Cinética , Virus del Mosaico del Tabaco/ultraestructura , Virión/efectos de los fármacos , Virión/ultraestructuraRESUMEN
The semiconductor optoelectronic properties of an inorganic (Bi(Bi2S3)9I3)2/3 hexagonal nano-/micro-rod are firstly explored herein. Transmittance and thermoreflectance measurements show that (Bi(Bi2S3)9I3)2/3 hexagonal rods possess an indirect gap of 0.73 eV and a direct gap of 1.08 eV, respectively. Hot-probe measurements of (Bi(Bi2S3)9I3)2/3 reveal the p-type semiconductor behavior and high thermoelectric voltage. Polarized Raman measurements of the m-plane (Bi(Bi2S3)9I3)2/3 (along c and perpendicular to the c axis) identify the structural anisotropy of the hexagonal nano-/micro-rod.