Protein structuromics: A new method for protein structure-function crosstalk in glioma.

Glioma is a type of tumor that starts in the glial cells of the brain or spine. Since the 1800s, when the disease was first named, its survival rates have always been unsatisfactory. Despite great advances in molecular biology and traditional treatment methods, many questions regarding cancer occurrence and the underlying mechanism remain to be answered. In this study, we assessed the protein structural features of 20 oncogenes and 20 anti-oncogenes via protein structure and dynamic analysis methods and 3D structural and systematic analyses of the structure-function relationships of proteins. All of these results directly indicate that unfavorable group proteins show more complex structures than favorable group proteins. As the tumor cell microenvironment changes, the balance of oncogene-related and anti-oncogene-related proteins is disrupted, and most of the structures of the two groups of proteins will be disrupted. However, more unfavorable group proteins will maintain and refold to achieve their correct shape faster and perform their functions more quickly than favorable group proteins, and the former thus support cancer development. We hope that these analyses will help promote mechanistic research and the development of new treatments for glioma.

Microbiota-microglia crosstalk between Blautia producta and neuroinflammation of Parkinson's disease: A bench-to-bedside translational approach.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is intricately linked to abnormal gut microbiota, yet the specific microbiota influencing clinical outcomes remain poorly understood. Our study identified a deficiency in the microbiota genus Blautia and a reduction in fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate level in PD patients compared to healthy controls. The abundance of Blautia correlated with the clinical severity of PD. Supplementation with butyrate-producing bacterium B. producta demonstrated neuroprotective effects, attenuating neuroinflammation and dopaminergic neuronal death in mice, consequently ameliorating motor dysfunction. A pivotal inflammatory signaling pathway, the RAS-related pathway, modulated by butyrate, emerged as a key mechanism inhibiting microglial activation in PD. The change of RAS-NF-κB pathway in PD patients was observed. Furthermore, B. producta-derived butyrate demonstrated the inhibition of microglial activation in PD through regulation of the RAS-NF-κB pathway. These findings elucidate the causal relationship between specific gut microbiota and PD, presenting a novel microbiota-based treatment perspective for PD.

Malnutrition and cerebral intraparenchymal damage in patients with thrombosis of dural sinuses and/or cerebral veins.

BACKGROUNDS: Thrombosis of dural sinuses and/or cerebral veins (CVT) is an uncommon form of cerebrovascular disease. Malnutrition is common in patients with cerebrovascular disease, and early assessment of malnutrition and individualized nutritional treatment have been reported to improve functional outcomes of these patients. As for CVT patients, little is known about whether these patients would suffer from malnutrition. Also, the correlation between malnutrition and cerebral intraparenchymal damage (CID) in CVT patients was rarely studied. METHODS: Patients with CVT were retrospectively included in this observational study. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to investigate the effects of nutritional indexes on the risk of CID. Subsequently, we used the independent risk factors to construct the nomogram model, and the consistency index (C-index), calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) to assess the reliability and applicability of the model. RESULTS: A total of 165 patients were included in the final analysis. Approximately 72.7% of CVT patients were regarded as malnourished by our malnutrition screening tools, and malnutrition is associated with an increased risk of CID. Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) (OR = 0.873; CI: 0.791, 0.963, p = 0.007) remained as an independent predictor for CID after adjustment for other risk factors. The nomogram model showed that PNI and gender have a great contribution to prediction. Besides, the nomogram model was consistent with the actual observations of CID risk (C-index = 0.65) and was of clinical significance. CONCLUSIONS: We reported that malnutrition, as indicated by PNI, was associated with a higher incidence of CID in CVT patients. Also, we have constructed a nomogram for predicting the risk of CID in these patients.

Trajectory Optimization of Laser-Charged UAVs for Charging Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks.

This paper considers a laser-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless power transfer (WPT) system. In the system, a UAV is dispatched as an energy transmitter to replenish energy for battery-limited sensors in a wireless rechargeable sensor network (WRSN) by transferring radio frequency (RF) signals, and a mobile unmanned vehicle (MUV)-loaded laser transmitter travels on a fixed path to charge the on-board energy-limited UAV when it arrives just below the UAV. Based on the system, we investigate the trajectory optimization of laser-charged UAVs for charging WRSNs (TOLC problem), which aims to optimize the flight trajectories of a UAV and the travel plans of an MUV cooperatively to minimize the total working time of the UAV so that the energy of every sensor is greater than or equal to the threshold. Then, we prove that the problem is NP-hard. To solve the TOLC problem, we first propose the weighted centered minimum coverage (WCMC) algorithm to cluster the sensors and compute the weighted center of each cluster. Based on the WCMC algorithm, we propose the TOLC algorithm (TOLCA) to design the detailed flight trajectory of a UAV and the travel plans of an MUV, which consists of the flight trajectory of a UAV, the hovering points of a UAV with the corresponding hovering times used for the charging sensors, the hovering points of a UAV with the corresponding hovering times used for replenishing energy itself, and the hovering times of a UAV waiting for an MUV. Numerical results are provided to verify that the suggested strategy provides an effective method for supplying wireless rechargeable sensor networks with sustainable energy.

Acoustic Denoising Using Artificial Intelligence for Wood-Boring Pests Semanotus bifasciatus Larvae Early Monitoring.

Acoustic detection technology is a new method for early monitoring of wood-boring pests, and the effective denoising methods are the premise of acoustic detection in forests. This paper used sensors to record Semanotus bifasciatus larval feeding sounds and various environmental noises, and two kinds of sounds were mixed to obtain the noisy feeding sounds with controllable noise intensity. Then, the time domain denoising models and frequency domain denoising models were designed, and the denoising effects were compared using the metrics of a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), a segment signal-noise ratio (SegSNR), and log spectral distance (LSD). In the experiments, the average SNR increment could achieve 17.53 dB and 11.10 dB using the in the test data using the time domain features and frequency domain features, respectively. The average SegSNR increment achieved 18.59 dB and 12.04 dB, respectively, and the average LSD between pure feeding sounds and denoised feeding sounds were 0.85 dB and 0.84 dB, respectively. The experimental results demonstrated that the denoising models based on artificial intelligence were effective methods for S. bifasciatus larval feeding sounds, and the overall denoising effect was more significant, especially at low SNRs. In view of that, the denoising models using time domain features were more suitable for the forest area and quarantine environment with complex noise types and large noise interference.

Feasibility of anticoagulation using low molecular-weight heparin during catheter-directed thrombolysis for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.

BACKGROUND: The optimal anticoagulant scheme during catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) remains unknown. This study was performed to evaluate the feasibility of anticoagulation therapy using low molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) during CDT for DVT. METHODS: The clinical data of DVT patients who underwent CDT during the past six years was retrospectively collected and reviewed. Patients were divided into therapeutic-dose anticoagulation (TPDA) and sub therapeutic-dose anticoagulation (sub-TPDA) groups according to LMWH dosage. RESULTS: A total of 61 patients involving 61 limbs were comprised. Acute and subacute DVT were identified in 39 (63.9%) and 22 (36.1%) patients, respectively. Thrombosis involving the iliac vein was identified in 34 (55.7%) patients. Inferior vena cava filter placement was performed in 38 (62.3%) patients. Intraoperatively, adjunctive balloons, stents, and thrombectomy were provided for nine (14.8%), four (6.6%), and one (1.6%) patients, respectively. Twenty (32.8%) patients accepted TPDA therapy, while 41 (67.2%) patients were administrated with sub-TPDA therapy. Median urokinase infusion rate was 2.5 (0.83 to 5) × 104 U/h. Median infusion duration time was 4 (2 to 14) days, and median urokinase dose infused was 2.4 (0.6 to 10.80) × 106 U. During CDT, five (8.2%) cases of minor bleeding were observed, and blood transfusion was not required. No major bleeding, symptomatic pulmonary embolisms, or death occurred. Complete (> 90%) and partial thrombolysis (50 ~ 90%) were achieved in 56 (91.8%) patients. In comparison with sub-TPDA group, TPDA group exhibited no significant differences in baseline characteristics, clinical improvement, thrombolysis results, and complications. CONCLUSIONS: Anticoagulation therapy using low molecular-weight heparin during CDT with low infusion rate for DVT is likely to be feasible and safe. Sub-therapeutic-dose anticoagulation and therapeutic-dose could be used for CDT with similar clinical outcome and bleeding complications.

An azimuthal Fourier domain formulation of the Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings equation.

The acoustic field of high-speed turbulent jets is dominated by a small number of low-wavenumber azimuthal Fourier modes. Accordingly, it is of interest to directly obtain individual azimuthal modes of the acoustic field from simulation data or models of the jet near-field. To this end, we manipulate the Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings (FW-H) equation to obtain a new formulation that lives entirely in the azimuthal Fourier domain-it delivers individual azimuthal modes of the acoustic field as a function of the same azimuthal modes of the near-field FW-H source term or, upon linearization of the source terms, as a function of the same azimuthal modes of the near-field flow variables. As an added benefit, all surface integrals are converted into line integrals in the streamwise-radial plane. After verifying and validating our formulation using a monopole problem with an exact solution and large-eddy simulation data, respectively, we show how our method can be used to efficiently and naturally compute the acoustic field associated with resolvent modes of a Mach 1.5 jet, thus avoiding the need to compute the modes on a large computational domain to capture their acoustic radiation.

Effects of left ventricular assist device on heart failure patients: A bioinformatics analysis.

With the acceleration of demographic aging, heart failure has become a global public health issue. Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) provides a therapeutic option serving as a bridge to transplantation or destination treatment for end-stage heart failure. However, neither the molecular mechanism nor the gene expression profile of LVAD pathophysiology is well understood. Microarray dataset (GSE21610) was retrieved from the online database of the gene expression omnibus (GEO). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between microarrays obtained before and after LVAD therapy were analyzed using GEO2R. Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis were carried out, followed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, which was further visualized by the Cytoscape software. Finally, a target gene-microRNA (miRNA) network was built using the NetworkAnalyst to predict potential miRNA interactions. A total of 36 upregulated DEGs and 14 downregulated DEGs were screened out. Five hub genes with the highest degree of connectivity were identified, including CCL2, CX3CR1, CD163, TLR7, and SERPINE1. CCL2 was identified as the most outstanding hub gene which is specially regulated by miR-124, miR-141, and miR-495. Our study indicates that CCL2 is crucial to the LVAD pathophysiology. The identified hub genes may be involved in cardiac inflammatory responses, remodeling, and the chemokine signaling pathway. These DEGs, pathways, hub genes, miRNAs are valuable for further investigations. This study provides a better understanding of the gene expression profile in LVAD pathophysiology.

Platelet volume indices for the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke patients with intravenous thrombolysis.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate whether platelet volume indices (PVIs) were associated with an unfavorable clinical outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients undergoing intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). METHODS: We defined a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 3-6 at 90 days as an unfavorable outcome. Logistic regression analysis was performed to find out whether mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), MPV/platelet count (PC) ratio and PDW/PC ratio were associated with poor prognosis. A Spearman correlation test was carried out to assess the relationship between variables. RESULTS: Overall, 183 patients were included in this study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that MPV (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-2.29, p = 0.044) and PDW-sd (adjusted OR 1.30, 95% CI: 1.06-1.59, p = 0.011) were independent predictors of the poor outcome. There was a trend of incremental OR when compared higher tertile of MPV with lower ones (second tertile, adjusted OR 2.52,95% CI：1.02-6.21, p = 0.045； third tertile, adjusted OR 2.61, 95% CI: 1.12-6.09, p = 0.027). Besides, we found a significant positive correlation between MPV and PDW-sd (or =0.874, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: MPV and PDW-sd were independent predictors for 90-day outcomes in stroke patients receiving thrombolysis.

MicroRNA-125b Affects Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Function by Targeting Serum Response Factor.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Increasing evidence links microRNAs to the pathogenesis of peripheral vascular disease. We recently found microRNA-125b (miR-125b) to be one of the most significantly down­regulated microRNAs in human arteries with arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) of the lower extremities. However, its function in the process of ASO remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression, regulatory mechanisms, and functions of miR-125b in the process of ASO. METHODS: Using the tissue explants adherent method, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were prepared for this study. A rat carotid artery balloon injury model was constructed to simulate the development of vascular neointima, and a lentiviral transduction system was used to overexpress serum response factor (SRF) or miR-125b. Quantitative real­time PCR (qRT­PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of miR­125b and SRF mRNA. Western blotting was performed to determine the expression levels of SRF and Ki67. In situ hybridization analysis was used to analyze the location and expression levels of miR-125b. CCK-8 and EdU assays were used to assess cell proliferation, and transwell and wound closure assays were performed to measure cell migration. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate cell apoptosis, and a dual-luciferase reporter assay was conducted to examine the effects of miR­125b on SRF. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to analyze the location and expression levels of SRF and Ki67. RESULTS: miR-125b expression was decreased in ASO arteries and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-stimulated VSMCs. miR-125b suppressed VSMC proliferation and migration but promoted VSMC apoptosis. SRF was determined to be a direct target of miR-125b. Exogenous miR-125b expression modulated SRF expression and inhibited vascular neointimal formation in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate a specific role of the miR-125b/SRF pathway in regulating VSMC function and suggest that modulating miR-125b levels might be a novel approach for treating ASO.

[Automatic detection and classification of atrial fibrillation using RR intervals and multi-eigenvalue].

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia disease. Detection of atrial fibrillation based on electrocardiogram (ECG) is of great significance for clinical diagnosis. Due to the non-linearity and complexity of ECG signals, the procedure to manually diagnose the ECG signals takes a lot of time and is prone to errors. In order to overcome the above problems, a feature extraction method based on RR interval is proposed in this paper. The discrete degree of RR interval is described with the robust coefficient of variation (RCV), the distribution shape of RR interval is described with the skewness parameter (SKP), and the complexity of RR interval is described with the Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC). Finally, the feature vectors of RCV, SKP, and LZC are input into the support vector machine (SVM) classifier model to achieve automatic classification and detection of atrial fibrillation. To verify the validity and practicability of the proposed method, the MIT-BIH atrial fibrillation database was used to verify the data. The final classification results show that the sensitivity is 95.81%, the specificity is 96.48%, the accuracy is 96.09%, and the specificity of 95.16% is achieved in the MIT-BIH normal sinus rhythm database. The experimental results show that the proposed method is an effective classification method for atrial fibrillation.

Mean platelet volume/platelet count ratio as a predictor of 90-day outcome in large artery atherosclerosis stroke patients.

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies reported a lower platelet count (PC) level and a higher mean platelet volume (MPV) level in severe ischemic stroke. We define MPV/PC as the platelet ratio (PR). This study investigates the relationship between PR and 90-day outcome of large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 338 LAA patients in two hospitals by looking up the electronic medical record (EMR). The 90-day functional outcome was divided into good and poor according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Hospital 1) revealed that PR (OR1.083, 95%CI [1.044, 1.123], P < 0.001) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score were independent predictors of the poor outcome. Analysis from the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Hospital 2) showed that PR (OR1.071, 95%CI [1.039, 1.104], P < 0.001), NIHSS score and age were independent adverse prognostic predictors. Furthermore, higher quartiles of PR presented an incremental OR value compared to the first quartile PR in multivariate regression. In Hospital 1, the cut-off value of PR to predict 90-day outcome was 39.23 (sensitivity: 74.24%, specificity: 55.17%, area under the curve (AUC): 0.694, P < 0.001). In Hospital 2, the optimal cut-off value of PR was 46.08 (sensitivity: 61.40%, specificity: 73.74%, AUC: 0.695, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Platelet ratio on admission is an independent predictor for 90-day outcome in LAA stroke patients and it has a good predictive effect.

Effects of early using azathioprine in the acute phase in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

BACKGROUND: Azathioprine is widely used for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients, while a consensus of timing to receive azathioprine has not been proposed. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper was to evaluate the efficacy of early access of azathioprine in NMOSD patients. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of NMOSD patients based on medical records. Included patients were divided into three groups: group IVMT + AZA, group AZA after IVMT and group IVMT. Time to next relapse was adopted as the endpoint. RESULTS: Patients from group IVMT + AZA had a longer duration of remission compared with patients from group AZA after IVMT ( p = 0.025) and group IVMT ( p < 0.001), and longer duration showed in the group AZA after IVMT when compared with group IVMT ( p = 0.005). We found that older age of initial attack was a risk factor for NMOSD patients (HR: 1.235; p = 0.022), and younger age of receiving treatment was a protect factor (HR: 0.804; p = 0.023). Partial patients have used azathioprine before this study in group IVMT + AZA, result showed there was no significance between the patients who had or had not used azathioprine ( p = 0.299). CONCLUSION: Azathioprine could prolong the duration of remission after treatment, especially given within two weeks after attack. Patients who received azathioprine combined with glucocorticoids had a preferable effect than glucocorticoids alone in the remission.

Thyroid hormone level is associated with the frequency and severity of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a neurodegenerative and inflammatory demyelination disorder, and oxidative stress is concerned with the pathogenesis of the disease. Also, we found that thyroid hormone level is correlated to the oxidative and antioxidant status in previous studies. Our study was aimed to find the possible relationship between the frequency and severity of GBS and thyroid hormone levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) in 238 individuals, including 90 GBS, 44 multiple sclerosis and 104 healthy controls. RESULTS: Our findings demonstrate that the patients with GBS had lower TSH and higher FT4, FT4/FT3 than healthy controls in the normal range. Furthermore, it was also shown in our study that TSH levels in patients with GBS were correlated with disease severity measured by the Hughes Functional Grading Scale. CONCLUSION: Lower TSH, higher FT4 and FT4/FT3 stand for the oxidative status and are associated with the incidence and severity of GBS.

Antioxidant status of serum bilirubin and uric acid in patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis.

OBJECTIVE: Oxidative stress and variations in antioxidant status are implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Polymyositis and dermatomyositis (PM/DM) are autoimmune diseases with inflammatory cells infiltrating into skeletal muscles, and the antioxidant status is still controversial. The aim of our study was to investigate the correlation between PM/DM and the antioxidant status of serum bilirubin (Tbil, Dbil and Ibil) and uric acid (UA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured serum concentrations of bilirubin (Tbil, Dbil and Ibil) and uric acid in 384 individuals, including 110 PM/DM patients and 274 healthy controls. RESULTS: We found that PM/DM patients had significantly lower serum concentrations of bilirubin (Tbil and Ibil) and uric acid than healthy controls, whether male or female. Also, after separately adjusting the covariances of age and gender, Tbil, Dbil, Ibil and UA were all relevant factors for PM/DM. Moreover, there were no significant differences in serum antioxidant molecule levels between PM and DM subgroups. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated the low serum levels of bilirubin and uric acid in patients with PM/DM. This suggested low antioxidant status in PM/DM patients with excessive oxidative stress.

Platelet-to-White Blood Cell Ratio: A Prognostic Predictor for 90-Day Outcomes in Ischemic Stroke Patients with Intravenous Thrombolysis.

BACKGROUND: This study is aimed to investigate the relationship between platelet-to-white blood cell ratio (PWR) and 90-day outcomes in acute stroke patients with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 168 patients receiving IVT for acute ischemic stroke. Complete blood count evaluation was conducted at admission before IVT. A modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 3-6 at 90 days was considered an unfavorable outcome. RESULTS: A total of 168 patients were included from 2013 to 2015. The mean age of the sample was 64.6 (±12.3) years, and 23.2% were women. The median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 7.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 8.0) and the 90-day mRS score was 2 (IQR 2). In our multivariate logistic regression model, a PWR greater than 23.52 (odds ratio .454, 95% confidence interval: .212-.973, P < .050) was a predictor of 90-day outcomes. In addition, there was a significant difference in the PWR values of patients between favorable outcome and unfavorable outcome in the large-artery atherosclerosis subtype (28.241 ± 11.581 and 21.899 ± 9.107, respectively; P = .005). CONCLUSIONS: The PWR at admission predicts 90-day outcomes in ischemic stroke patients with IVT. With the easy and routine use of hemogram analysis, the PWR should be investigated in further prospective randomized controlled trials of acute stroke.

MiR-761 Promotes Progression and Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Targeting ING4 and TIMP2.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of microRNA miR-761 in the progression and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the mechanisms by which miR-761 regulates cell proliferation and metastatic activity of NSCLC cell lines. METHODS: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to assess miR-761 expression in NSCLC serum and tissue. MTT, wound healing, and transwell assays were performed to examine the role of miR-761 in regulation of cell proliferation and metastatic activity in NSCLC cell lines. In addition, the correlations of miR-761 expression with clinical-pathologic factors were statistically analyzed. Finally, we investigated whether miR-761 promotes proliferation and metastasis in NSCLC cell lines by targeting ING4 (inhibitor of growth family, member 4) and TIMP2 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2). RESULTS: MiR-761 was significantly upregulated in both NSCLC serum and tissues as compared to normal participants and paired noncancerous tissues respectively. Ectopic expression of miR-761 promoted cell proliferation and metastasis in H460 cells, while miR-761 inhibitor reduced proliferation rates and metastasis in H23 cells. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assay and functional analyses indicated that miR-761 directly targeted ING4 and TIMP2. CONCLUSION: miR-761 promotes progression and metastasis of NSCLC by targeting ING4 and TIMP2.

A Time-Frequency Domain Mixed Attention-Based Approach for Classifying Wood-Boring Insect Feeding Vibration Signals Using a Deep Learning Model.

Wood borers, such as the emerald ash borer and holcocerus insularis staudinger, pose a significant threat to forest ecosystems, causing damage to trees and impacting biodiversity. This paper proposes a neural network for detecting and classifying wood borers based on their feeding vibration signals. We utilize piezoelectric ceramic sensors to collect drilling vibration signals and introduce a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture named Residual Mixed Domain Attention Module Network (RMAMNet).The RMAMNet employs both channel-domain attention and time-domain attention mechanisms to enhance the network's capability to learn meaningful features. The proposed system outperforms established networks, such as ResNet and VGG, achieving a recognition accuracy of 95.34% and an F1 score of 0.95. Our findings demonstrate that RMAMNet significantly improves the accuracy of wood borer classification, indicating its potential for effective pest monitoring and classification tasks. This study provides a new perspective and technical support for the automatic detection, classification, and early warning of wood-boring pests in forestry.

The association between ferritin levels and all-cause mortality in stroke patients.

Purpose: The purpose of study was to describe the association between ferritin and all-cause mortality of cases with stroke. Methods: Clinical data derived from Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care were analyzed. The primary endpoint was 30-day mortality. The potential prognostic roles of Ferritin L were analyzed by Cox proportional hazard models. The independent prognostic roles of Ferritin L in the cases were analyzed by smooth curve fitting. Results: Concerning 30-day mortality, the HR (95% CI) for a high Ferritin (≥373) was 1.925 (1.298, 2.854; p = 0.00113), compared to a low ferritin (< 373). After adjusting for multiple confounders, the HR (95% CI) for a high Ferritin (≥373) was 1.782 (1.126, 2.820; p = 0.01367), compared to a low Ferritin (< 373). A non-linear association between Ferritin and 30-day mortality was found. Using recursive algorithm and two-piecewise linear regression model, inflection point (IP) was calculated, which was 2,204. On the left side of the IP, there was a positive relationship between Ferritin and 30-day mortality, and the effect size, 95% CI and p value were 1.0006 (1.0004, 1.0009) p < 0.0001, respectively. On the right of the IP, the effect size, 95% CI and p value were 1.0000 (1.0000, 1.0000) and 0.3107, respectively. Conclusion: Ferritin was associated with increased risk of stroke; it is important to further examine the association if the increased uric acid would increase the outcome of stroke in a longitudinal study. The non-linear relationship between Ferritin and all-cause mortality of stroke was observed. Ferritin was a risk factor for the outcome of stroke when ferritin was <2204.

Active ingredient identification and purification of organosilicon spray adjuvant and its uptake and translocation in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

The assessment of residue, absorption, conduction, and degradation of agricultural organosilicon surfactants in the environment is hindered by the lack of information on active ingredients and corresponding quantitative standards for organosilicon spray adjuvants. The spray adjuvant 'Jiexiaoli,' a primary organosilicon spray agent in China, was identified as hydroxy (polyethylene) propyl-heptamethyl trisiloxane (TSS-H) with 3-15 ethoxy (EO) groups. Purification of TSS-H was achieved through semi-preparative separation using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), resulting in TSS-H purity exceeding 96%. An accurate residual detection method for nine oligomers (4-12 EO) of TSS-H in rice roots, stems, leaves, and culture solution samples was developed using HPLC tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS). Recoveries for nine oligomers of TSS-H in the four matrices ranged from 80.22% to 104.01%. Foliar application experiments demonstrated that TSS-H did not transfer from the upper to the lower parts of the rice plant. The half-lives of each oligomer (4-12 EO) in leaves were less than 3.21 days. Root application experiments revealed a root concentration factor (RCF) ranging from 0.20 to 0.56, a biological enrichment factor (BCF) ranging from 0.36 to 0.68, a transpiration factor (TSCF) ranging from 0.069 to 0.086, and a transport factor (TF) ranging from 0.08 to 0.43. These results indicated that TSS-H could be absorbed by rice roots and conducted to the above-ground parts of rice plants. This study fills the data gap in the environmental risk and food safety assessment of agricultural silicone spray adjuvants. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.