Relationship between early follicular serum estrone level and other hormonal or ultrasonographic parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum estrone (E1) level and other cardinal features in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). 133 Korean women aged 18-35 years who were newly diagnosed with PCOS at a university hospital were included in the present study. Blood samples were collected from all participants during the early follicular phase to determine the serum E1 level and other biochemical hormonal parameters. The total antral follicle count (TFC) and the total ovarian volume (TOV) were assessed using transvaginal or transrectal ultrasound. A significant correlation was found between serum E1 and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in women with PCOS. In addition, statistically significant correlations were observed between serum E1 level and other hormonal parameters, including testosterone, free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone. With respect to the ultrasound features, serum E1 levels were significantly correlated with TFC and TOV. All results did not change after adjusting for body mass index (BMI). In conclusion, serum E1 level is significantly correlated with serum LH and androgen levels, and it may be a useful marker for representing the status of the ovarian volume in women with PCOS.

1-h Postprandial glucose level is related to the serum anti-Müllerian hormone level in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level and parameters related to insulin resistance in Korean women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A total of 95 Korean women aged 18-33 years who were newly diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam Consensus at a university hospital were included in this study. Blood samples were collected from all participants during the early follicular phase using tubes without anticoagulants after an overnight fasting to determine the serum AMH level and other biochemical parameters, and then a standard 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed for all participants. All patients with PCOS were divided into two groups based on the serum AMH level: group 1 (AMH < 10.0 ng/ml) and group 2 (AMH ≥ 10.0 ng/ml). The clinical variables were not significantly different between the two groups. The mean postprandial glucose level at 1 h (PPG1) in group 1 (111.70 ± 4.9 mg/dl) was significantly lower than that in group 2 (136.76 ± 9.86 mg/dl). No significant differences between the two groups were found in the other insulin resistance-related parameters. In conclusion, the serum AMH level may be related to PPG1 in women with PCOS.

Prediction of preterm delivery using levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and leptin in amniotic fluid from the second trimester.

PURPOSE: Impaired angiogenesis of the developing placenta in the early pregnancy is one etiology of preterm delivery. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key regulator of normal angiogenesis. Leptin stimulates other angiogenic factors, including VEGF. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether levels of VEGF and leptin in amniotic fluid during the second trimester could serve as markers for preterm delivery. METHODS: This study was conducted on second trimester amniotic fluid samples obtained from women undergoing genetic amniocentesis at 16-20 weeks of gestation. VEGF and leptin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in every case of delivery at <37 weeks' gestation (n = 36) and in 36 matched controls who delivered at ≥ 37 weeks' gestation. RESULTS: Amniotic fluid VEGF levels in the preterm group (32.24 ± 4.87 pg/ml) were significantly higher than those in the control group (23.49 ± 2.09 pg/ml) (p < 0.05). Leptin levels in the amniotic fluid were higher in the preterm group (6.64 ± 0.68 ng/ml) compared to the control group (5.35 ± 0.59 ng/ml), but this difference was not significant. Amniotic fluid VEGF and leptin levels were highest in women with placenta previa and were lowest in women with intrauterine growth retardation and pregnancy-induced hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that amniotic fluid VEGF levels in the second trimester are more predictive of preterm delivery than leptin levels. This study also demonstrates that VEGF levels vary depending on the cause of preterm delivery.

Clinical effectiveness of spindle-view intracytoplasmic sperm injection compared to conventional intracytoplasmic sperm injection in patients with poor ovarian response and previous implantation failure.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the clinical advantage of spindle-view intracytoplasmic sperm injection (SVICSI; a novel technology) over conventional intracytoplasmic sperm injection (cICSI) in patients with poor ovarian response (POR) and previous implantation failure. METHODS: The study included 37 patients who underwent SVICSI followed by fresh embryo transfer (FET) at a single fertility clinic from January to December 2022, 58 patients who underwent cICSI followed by FET at the same fertility clinic from January to December 2021 as a control group. All study participants met the Bologna criteria for POR and had at least three or more previous failed embryo transfers. RESULTS: The number of blastocyst transfers was significantly higher in the SVICSI group than in the cICSI group. A good-quality cleavage embryo rate, blastocyst rate, and good-quality blastocyst rate were also significantly higher in the SVICSI group than in the cICSI group. There were no significant differences in the rates of fertilization, implantation, clinical pregnancy, or clinical abortion between the two groups. CONCLUSION: In patients with POR, those who underwent SVICSI appeared to have better embryos than those who underwent cICSI. However, whether SVICSI improved clinical outcomes such as implantation and pregnancy rates cannot be proven.

Comparison of cervical lengths using transabdominal and transvaginal sonography in midpregnancy.

OBJECTIVES: Cervical length assessment is helpful to predict and prevent preterm birth. However, transvaginal sonography is not easy to perform. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship and discrepancies between cervical lengths measured by transabdominal and transvaginal sonography in midpregnancy. METHODS: Transabdominal and transvaginal cervical lengths were measured in 255 pregnant women between 20 and 29 gestational weeks. The discrepancies in cervical lengths between the two methods were analyzed for the following maternal and fetal conditions: (1) vertex versus breech fetal presentation, (2) whether the fetal presenting part overlay the cervical internal os, (3) whether both the internal os and external os were visible or only the internal os was clearly visible, (4) maternal bladder filling status, (5) maternal age, (6) parity, and (7) gestational age. RESULTS: The mean cervical lengths were not significantly different (mean ± SD, 3.88 ± 0.73 cm on transabdominal sonography and 3.93 ± 0.72 cm on transvaginal sonography; P = .129; Pearson r = 0.75). The 5th-percentile transabdominal cervical length was 26.0 mm, and the transvaginal length was 27.8 mm. There were significant discrepancies between the two methods in the cases in which a fetal presenting part overlay the internal os, in the cases in which the external os was not clearly visible, and in primiparous women. Transabdominal cervical measurements were consistently shorter than transvaginal measurements in the cases with discrepancies. CONCLUSIONS: Transabdominal cervical length measurements are correlated with transvaginal measurements overall, and the transabdominal length is consistently shorter than the transvaginal length in cases with discrepancies. Transabdominal sonography could be used as a cervical length screening tool.

Range of motion in a modular femoral stem system with a variety of neck options.

Modular femoral stem systems decouple leg length, offset, and version. The hip ROM and type of impingement for 162 femoral head/neck combinations were measured at four extreme hip positions in a Sawbones pelvis and femur to identify constructs that lead to early impingement. Hip ROM increased in all positions with increasing head size and neck length. We identified a new type of impingement created by the build-up of the proximal femoral stem: femoral stem on acetabular liner impingement. Seventy percent of neutral neck options achieved our definition of acceptable ROM. In general, when utilizing a modular femoral stem, surgeons can minimize impingement by choosing the longest femoral neck that does not over-lengthen the limb, using the largest femoral head accommodated by the cup, and avoiding neck version unless the cup or stem is malaligned.

Relationship between hematologic parameters related to systemic inflammation and insulin resistance-associated metabolic parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the associations between hematologic parameters related to systemic inflammation and insulin resistance-associated metabolic parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: Eighty-two women between the ages of 18 and 35 years who were diagnosed with PCOS were included in this study. A 2-hour 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered to all study participants; fasting and postprandial glucose and insulin levels were measured simultaneously during the 2-hour OGTT. Hematologic parameters were derived from a standard complete blood count and a differential count of fasting-state blood samples. The correlations between hematologic parameters and insulin resistance-associated clinical and metabolic parameters were evaluated using the Spearman rank correlation and partial correlation coefficients. Hematologic parameters related to systemic inflammation were compared between the two groups, categorized by the presence or absence of insulin resistance. RESULTS: Significant differences in the absolute neutrophil count, absolute monocyte count, platelet count, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio were found between the insulin-resistant group and insulin-nonresistant group. Correlation analysis found that all hematological parameters, except for the platelet-lymphocyte ratio, were associated with at least one insulin resistance-associated metabolic parameter. However, these significant correlations between hematological and metabolic parameters were attenuated after controlling for the effects of other covariates using partial correlation analysis. CONCLUSION: The association between hematologic parameters indicative of systemic inflammation and insulin resistance-associated metabolic parameters seems to be strongly influenced by other anthropometric covariates in women with PCOS.

Triglyceride and glucose index for identifying abnormal insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate whether triglyceride and glucose (TyG) indices are useful in identifying insulin sensitivity/resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: One hundred and seventy-two Korean women aged 18-35 years who were diagnosed with PCOS were included in this study. Fasting-state insulin sensitivity assessment indices (ISAIs) derived from a combination of fasting insulin and glucose levels were calculated for all study participants, and abnormal insulin sensitivity was defined as any of the evaluated ISAIs being out of the established normal range. Correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between the TyG index and other clinical and biochemical parameters. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cutoff value of the TyG index for identifying abnormal insulin sensitivity, and unpaired t-tests were used to compare biochemical parameters between individuals with a TyG index below the cutoff and individuals with a TyG index above the cutoff value. RESULTS: All clinical parameters, except age and other insulin resistance-related biochemical parameters, were significantly related to the TyG index. The ROC curve analysis revealed an optimal TyG cutoff value of 8.126 (sensitivity, 0.807; specificity, 0.683) for identifying abnormal insulin sensitivity. In the comparative analysis, all ISAIs and parameters derived from the lipid profiles differed significantly between the TyG groups. CONCLUSION: The TyG index is a feasible surrogate marker for predicting insulin sensitivity/resistance in women with PCOS.

Association between polycystic ovarian morphology and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine whether polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) is related to insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: A total of 147 Korean women aged 18 to 35 years and diagnosed with PCOS were included in this study. Fasting blood tests and standard 2-hour 75-g oral glucose tolerance tests were performed for all participants. PCOM-related parameters including total antral follicle count (TFC) and total ovarian volume (TOV) were assessed using transvaginal or transrectal ultrasonography. Correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relationships of TFC and TOV with insulin resistance-related clinical and biochemical parameters using Spearman rank correlation coefficients and linear regression analysis, with partial correlations used to control for the effects of confounding covariates. RESULTS: Fasting insulin levels, low-density lipoprotein levels, and insulin sensitivity assessment indices (ISAIs) were significantly correlated with TFC, but neither postprandial blood glucose levels nor insulin levels were significantly associated with TFC. No insulin resistance-related parameter was significantly correlated with TOV. These results did not change after adjustments for other anthropometric covariates. Fasting insulin and some ISAIs differed significantly between groups categorized by the median TFC value (TFC ≤54 and TFC >54). CONCLUSION: TFC, but not TOV, was found to be related to fasting insulin resistance-related parameters in women with PCOS.

Initial Preoperative Hemoglobin Level Affects the Rate of Decline in Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels after Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy in Women with Ovarian Endometriosis.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the factors affecting the decline in ovarian reserve following laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy (LOC) in women with ovarian endometriosis. METHODS: This retrospective study included 22 women, aged 25-45 years, with regular menstrual cycles who underwent unilateral LOC and were diagnosed with ovarian endometriosis at a university hospital. Blood samples were collected preoperatively and on the third postoperative day to determine the serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels for assessment of the decline in ovarian reserve during the early postoperative period. RESULTS: The preoperative hemoglobin level, white blood cell count, and AMH level were associated with changes in the AMH level after unilateral LOC. Among these parameters, only the preoperative hemoglobin level was correlated with the rate of decline in postoperative AMH levels. The preoperative serum AMH level was correlated with the amount of postoperative AMH change but not with its rate of decline. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative hemoglobin levels may be associated with the rate of decline in AMH levels in the early postoperative period after unilateral LOC.

Predictive capability of fasting-state glucose and insulin measurements for abnormal glucose tolerance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the predictive capability of fasting-state measurements of glucose and insulin levels alone for abnormal glucose tolerance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: In total, 153 Korean women with PCOS were included in this study. The correlations between the 2-hour postload glucose (2-hr PG) level during the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and other parameters were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficients and linear regression analysis. The predictive accuracy of fasting glucose and insulin levels and other fasting-state indices for assessing insulin sensitivity derived from glucose and insulin levels for abnormal glucose tolerance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: Significant correlations were observed between the 2-hr PG level and most fasting-state parameters in women with PCOS. However, the area under the ROC curve values for each fasting-state parameter for predicting abnormal glucose tolerance were all between 0.5 and 0.7 in the study participants, which falls into the "less accurate" category for prediction. CONCLUSION: Fasting-state measurements of glucose and insulin alone are not enough to predict abnormal glucose tolerance in women with PCOS. A standard OGTT is needed to screen for impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus in women with PCOS.

Association between the serum estrone-to-estradiol ratio and parameters related to glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate associations between the ratio of serum estrone (E1) to estradiol (E2) and parameters related to serum glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: In total, 133 women between the ages of 18 and 35 diagnosed with PCOS were enrolled in this study. All participants with PCOS underwent blood tests to determine hormonal and biochemical metabolic parameters and a standard 2-hour 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. They were divided into two groups according to the serum E1-to-E2 ratio: group 1 (E1/E2 ratio <2.0) and group 2 (E1/E2 ratio ≥2.0). RESULTS: In the comparative analysis, the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was the only clinical variable that was significantly different between the two groups. Patients with a higher E1/E2 ratio showed higher fasting insulin levels, homeostasis model for insulin resistance, and postprandial glucose level at 2 hours (PPG2). In a correlation analysis, only PPG2 was significantly related to the serum E1/E2 ratio. However, after controlling for the confounding effects of body mass index (BMI) and WHR, fasting glucose was also significantly correlated with the serum E1/E2 ratio. CONCLUSION: Women with PCOS with a higher serum E1/E2 ratio were found to be more likely to show higher fasting insulin and postprandial glucose levels. Significant correlations were found between the serum E1/E2 ratio and both fasting and postprandial serum glucose levels after adjusting for BMI and WHR in women with PCOS.

Effects of thymosin ß4-derived peptides on migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: Thymosin ß4 (Tß4) is a highly conserved actin binding protein associated with the metastatic potential of tumor cells by stimulating cell migration. The role of Tß4 and its derived fragment peptides in migration of ovarian cancer cells has not been studied. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of Tß4 and its derived fragment peptides on ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion, we applied Tß4 and three Tß4-derived synthetic peptides to SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. METHOD: The migration and invasion of SKOV3 cells treated with Tß4(1-43), Tß4(1-15), Tß4(12-26), Tß4(23-), and untreated control were analyzed by in vitro migration and invasion assay with transwell plate. Cell proliferation assay was conducted to identify the effect of Tß4 and its derived peptide on SKOV3 cell proliferation. The expression of Tß4 related proteins related with cell proliferation was analyzed by Western blot after treatment with Tß4 and its derived peptides. RESULTS: Cell migration and invasion were significantly increased in Tß4 peptide-treated SKOV3 cells compared with untreated control. All three Tß4-derived fragment peptides including those without an actin binding site significantly stimulated migration and invasion of SKOV3 cells. Tß4 and its derived peptide significantly stimulated SKOV3 cell proliferation and up-regulated the expression of RACK-1 protein. CONCLUSIONS: The Tß4 peptide and all of its derived fragment peptides including those without an actin binding motif stimulate migration and invasion of SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. All peptides significantly increased RACK-1 expression and cell proliferation of SKOV3 cells. These results suggest that Tß4 stimulates migration and invasion of SKOV3 cells by stimulation of cell proliferation through up-regulation of RACK-1 protein.

Effect of Hysterectomy on Ovarian Reserve in the Early Postoperative Period Based on the Type of Surgery.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of simple hysterectomy on the ovarian reserve based on the type of surgery. METHODS: Eighty-six premenopausal women between 31 and 48 years who underwent hysterectomy for benign gynecologic disease without additional adnexal surgery at a university hospital participated in this study. Seventy-one patients underwent laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH), and 15 patients underwent abdominal hysterectomy (AH). Blood samples were obtained from all study participants on preoperative day and 3 days after the operation to determine the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels. RESULTS: The postoperative reduction of the mean serum AMH level in the LAVH group (0.42 ± 0.76 ng/mL) was greater than that in the AH group, although the difference was not statistically significant (0.01 ± 0.60 ng/mL) (P = 0.053). The mean baseline AMH level (2.59 ± 2.33 ng/mL) was significantly reduced to 2.24 ± 2.08 ng/mL at 3 days after hysterectomy, and the mean rate of decline of AMH levels after surgery was 13.61% ± 30.81%. In subgroup analysis based on the type of surgery, the mean serum AMH level decreased significantly after surgery in the LAVH group, but no significant changes were found in serum AMH levels before and after the surgery in the AH group. CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results suggest that simple hysterectomy affects the early postoperative decline of ovarian reserve, and these results might vary depending on the type of surgery.

Influence of combined oral contraceptives on polycystic ovarian morphology-related parameters in Korean women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the effect of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) on polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) and serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in Korean women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: This university hospital study enrolled 36 Korean women who were newly diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam criteria and were treated with COCs for at least 1 year. We retrospectively evaluated the ovarian volume and number of antral follicles using ultrasonography and assessed serum AMH levels at baseline and after 1 year of COC treatment. RESULTS: Significant decreases in ovarian volume and antral follicle count were observed after 1 year of COC treatment. Compared to baseline, serum AMH levels were significantly decreased after 1 year. CONCLUSION: COC treatment significantly affects ultrasound-assessed PCOM and serum AMH levels of patients with PCOS.

Two Cases of Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Accompanied by High Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels and Preservation of Ovarian Follicles.

Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is defined as the presence of amenorrhea for ≥ 4 months accompanied by evidence of two serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels in the menopausal range in women aged < 40 years. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has been recognized as the most reliable marker of ovarian reserve status, and its serum level is very low or undetectable in women with POI. Here we report two cases of patients who were diagnosed with POI despite high serum AMH levels and preservation of ovarian follicles, as revealed by ultrasound. In addition, we have presented a review of the current literature regarding this condition.

Inter-ovarian differences in ultrasound markers of ovarian size in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to establish whether differences in ovarian size exist between the right and the left ovary of the same individual in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. METHODS: In total, 206 Korean women with polycystic ovary syndrome were included in this study. In all participants, a transvaginal or transrectal ultrasound examination was conducted in the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. RESULTS: A significant linear correlation was found between the two ovaries with regard to antral follicle count and ovarian volume. The mean antral follicle count in the right ovary (26.75±11.72) was significantly higher than that in the left ovary (23.98±10.85), and the mean volume of the right ovary (11.06±5.17 cm3) was significantly different from that of the left ovary (9.12±4.89 cm3). CONCLUSION: Ovarian size is different between the right and the left ovary in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Monocytosis as a prognostic factor for survival in stage IB and IIA cervical cancer.

Objective: To measure hematologic parameters derived from the white blood cell (WBC) count and differential count (DC) as prognostic factors for survival in patients with stage IB and IIA cervical cancer. Methods: We retrospectively examined demographic, clinicopathologic, and laboratory parameters in a cohort of 233 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IB and IIA cervical cancer who underwent surgical resection. We further assessed the effects of the WBC count and DC-derived hematologic parameters on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after controlling for other parameters. Results: Patients were followed up for a median of 46.6 months (range, 9-142 months). The Kaplan-Meier estimates of PFS and OS at 5 years were 88.5% and 92.3%, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, we identified the absolute monocyte count (AMC) (hazard ratio [HR], 11.78; P <0.001) and tumor size (HR, 5.41; P = 0.003) as the strongest prognostic factors affecting PFS. We also identified AMC (HR, 23.29; P <0.001), tumor size, (HR, 5.27; P = 0.033), and lymph node involvement (HR, 3.90; P = 0.027) as the strongest prognostic factors affecting OS. AMC remained prognostic with respect to PFS or OS in a Cox model that controlled for the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio or lymphocyte-monocyte ratio, although neither ratio was a significant prognostic factor for survival. Conclusions: Monocytosis and an increased tumor size were found to be independent prognostic factors affecting both PFS and OS in patients with stage IB and IIA cervical cancer.

[Changes of the bone mineral density of proximal femur after hip resurfacing arthroplasty].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the changes of periprosthetic bone mineral density in femur after hip resurfacing arthroplasty. METHODS: From July 2002 to June 2005, a comparative study was carried out on 52 hips in 52 patients. Twenty-six patients (26 hips) who underwent Birmingham hip resurfacing arthroplasty (group BHR), and 26 patients (26 hips) who performed cementless total hip arthroplasty with Versys System stem (group THA). The periprosthetic bone mineral density of the femur was measured through dual energy X-ray absorptiometry of the Gruen zones at pre-operation, post-operation 3, 6, 12 and 24 months in patients from both group BHR and group THA. The bone mineral density of femoral neck in group BHR was measured too. Changes of bone mineral density ratio in proximal femur between pre-operation and post-operation were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: The mean ratio of bone mineral density of the proximal femur in group BHR reduced by 5.8%, 4.9%, 2.6% and 0.4%, in group THA reduced by 7.0%, 10.6%, 1.0% and 4.1% at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months respectively. In group BHR, the mean ratio of bone mineral density in range of interest 1 decreased to 89.7% at 6 months and increased to 103.8% at 24 months, in range of interest 7 decreased to 95.1% at 6 months and increased to 103.7% at 24 months. In group THA, the mean ratio of bone mineral density in range of interest 1 decreased to 90.8% at 6 months, 94.4% at 24 months and in range of interest 7 decreased to 94.2% at 3 months, 96.7% at 24 months. In group BHR, the bone mineral density of femoral neck was restored to the pre-operation level at 6 months. The bone mineral density in superior-lateral zone of femoral neck decreased to 97.1% at 3 months and increased to 107.4% at 24 months respectively. The bone mineral density in inferior-medial zone of femoral neck increased to 117.9% at 24 months. CONCLUSION: The bone stock of proximal femur can be well preserved and recovered quickly after hip resurfacing arthroplasty.