RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The knowledge to understand transplant acceptance or rejection derives directly from knowing its genetic material and the major histocompatibility complex involved in immune response, so it is essential to identify the most common alleles in the Mexican population. METHODS: In the northern areas of the Federal District (DF), Hidalgo, and Mexico State, we performed an analysis of HLA class I (A and B) and HLA class II (DRß1 and DQß1) with the use of the PCR-SSP process (Invitrogen). We performed measures of central tendency and percentages of common alleles in the study population. RESULTS: We analyzed 718 results of patients before renal transplantation: 313 pairs of recipients and living donors and 92 patients receiving cadaveric donation. HLA allele A 02 536 (37.32%) was the most common allele found. In HLA B, the most common allele corresponded to 35, in 321 (22.35%), which was the most polymorphic. In HLA DRß1 the most common was 04, in 447 (31.12%), which was the least polymorphic; the most common was 03, in 777 (54.10%). CONCLUSIONS: We corroborated the frequency of alleles found in the considered population, which corresponds to the northern part of Mexico City as well as the states of Mexico and Hidalgo. It was determined that there is no risk allele for developing chronic kidney disease.