[Study on Sparganium stoloniferum from different regions in China based on appearance characters and ISSR markers].

Based on the characteristics and ISSR molecular marker technology, the study is aimed to compare and perform genetic diversity analysis on Sparganium stoloniferum from 7 regions. Molecular identification method was established for S. stoloniferum from Hunan province. Differences among Sparganii Rhizoma samples from seven habitats were analyzed via measuring weight, length, width and thickness of them. Genetic diversity of S. stoloniferum from 7 regions was analyzed by screening out primers amplifying clear band and showing rich polymorphism, then a cultivars dendrogram was built. The target primer was screened out, and the specific band was sequenced. Nine ISSR primers were selected to amplified clear band, rich polymorphism. A total of 73 bands were amplified by nine ISSR primers selected from 27 ISSR primers. On average, each primer produced 8.0 bands. A total of 38 bands were polymorphic, which occupied 52.8% of all bands. The cultivars dendrogram showed the genetic similarity was 0.54-0.94. Genetic similarity coefficient of S. stoloniferum from Jiangsu province, Anhui province and Jiangxi province was big, indicating the differences among them were slight on genetic level. S. stoloniferum from Hunan province is quite different from samples from the other six habitats on appea-rance and genetic level. A specific band(327 bp) in S. stoloniferum from Hunan province was obtained via ISSR-857 primer, and was sequenced. According BLASTn database, there were few sequences similar to the gene fragment and had little correlation with the growth process of plant. ISSR molecular marker technology provides a new idea for the identification of S. stoloniferum. This result confirmed the particularity of S. stoloniferum from ancient Jingzhou.

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of geniposide from Gardenia jasminoides.

Fructus gardeniae (Zhizi), one of commonly-used traditional Chinese medicines, is derived from the ripe fruit of the evergreen shrub, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, and is an ingredient of many traditional Chinese preparations, and has numerous pharmacological actions. Geniposide is the important bioactive element derived from F. gardeniae. This study established optimum conditions and method of ultrasound-assisted extraction for geniposide from F. gardeniae by exploring the different experimental parameters, such as type of solvent, ratio of solid/liquid, extraction temperature and extraction time. The data gained from this study is important to further extract and apply the geniposide and is also a significant reference to extract the bioactive compounds from plant materials by the ultrasound-assisted method.