RESUMEN
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) gene alterations are relatively frequent in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and are a potential targets for therapy with FGFR inhibitors. However, little is known regarding the clinicopathologic features associated with FGFR alterations. The angiokinase inhibitor nintedanib has shown promising activity in clinical trials for non-small cell lung cancer. We have now applied next-generation sequencing (NGS) to characterize FGFR alterations in LSCC patients as well as examined the antitumor activity of nintedanib in LSCC cell lines positive for FGFR1 copy number gain (CNG). The effects of nintedanib on the proliferation of and FGFR signaling in LSCC cell lines were examined in vitro, and its effects on tumor formation were examined in vivo. A total of 75 clinical LSCC specimens were screened for FGFR alterations by NGS. Nintedanib inhibited the proliferation of FGFR1 CNG-positive LSCC cell lines in association with attenuation of the FGFR1-ERK signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. FGFR1 CNG (10.7%), FGFR1 mutation (2.7%), FGFR2 mutation (2.7%), FGFR4 mutation (5.3%), and FGFR3 fusion (1.3%) were detected in LSCC specimens by NGS. Clinicopathologic features did not differ between LSCC patients positive or negative for FGFR alterations. However, among the 36 patients with disease recurrence after surgery, prognosis was significantly worse for those harboring FGFR alterations. Screening for FGFR alterations by NGS warrants further study as a means to identify patients with LSCC recurrence after surgery who might benefit from nintedanib therapy.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Indoles/farmacología , Indoles/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Receptor Tipo 1 de Factor de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/genética , Receptor Tipo 2 de Factor de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/genética , Receptor Tipo 3 de Factor de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/genética , Receptor Tipo 4 de Factor de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/genética , Animales , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Variaciones en el Número de Copia de ADN/genética , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Ratones , Terapia Molecular Dirigida , Proteínas Mutantes/genética , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Análisis de Supervivencia , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de XenoinjertoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), leading to acute kidney injury, is a frequent complication with renal transplantation and it is associated with graft function. Its pathogenesis involves ischemia, vascular congestion and reactive oxygen metabolites. Carvedilol is an antihypertensive drug with potent anti-oxidant properties. In this study we investigated the protective effects of carvedilol in a rat renal IRI model. METHODS: Twenty-four rats were randomized into sham, untreated control and carvedilol (2 mg/kg 30 min before surgery and 12 hr after reperfusion) treatment groups and were subjected to 60 min of left renal ischemia followed by reperfusion at 24, 48, 96 and 168 hr. RESULTS: Treatment with carvedilol significantly decreased plasma creatinine levels after IRI (up to 168 hr) compared to controls (P < 0.001), suggesting an improvement in renal function. Histopathological analysis revealed decreased IRI-induced damage in kidneys from carvedilol-treated rats. A significant increase in the expression levels of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase and reduction of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and apoptosis levels (P < 0.005) suggested a protective effect after treatment with carvedilol. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that carvedilol ameliorates IRI resulting in improved renal function.