Periodontitis as a risk factor for organic erectile dysfunction: A case-control study in a sub-Saharan population.

Background: This study investigated the association between periodontitis and organic erectile dysfunction (ED) in a sub-Saharan population. Methods: This multicenter analytical study lasted from April to September 2021. A total of 114 patients (38 cases and 76 controls) were recruited and matched on age, diabetes, and smoking status. Medical history and ED were recorded, as well as the plaque index, bleeding index, maximum interdental clinical attachment loss (CALmax), maximum probing depth, clinically detectable furcation involv ement, number of teeth in the mouth, number of teeth lost for periodontal reasons, and tooth mobility. The analysis was performed with SPSS 20.0 with a significance threshold set at 5%. Results: The two study groups were comparable regarding sociodemographic characteristics. Periodontitis was present in 76.31% of cases and 75% of controls without a significant difference (P=0.878). Logistic regression showed a significant association between high blood pressure and ED with an OR=4.78 (95% CI: 1.80‒12.70). Periodontitis was not associated with ED (OR=1.52, 95% CI: 0.55‒4.16); however, severe periodontitis was significantly associated with severe ED (OR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.11‒1.85, and OR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.15‒2.44, respectively for CALmax and tooth loss). Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, periodontitis was not associated with organic ED. However, the severity of periodontal disease significantly increased in patients with organic ED.

Enzyme-controlled, nutritive hydrogel for mesenchymal stromal cell survival and paracrine functions.

Culture-adapted human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) are appealing candidates for regenerative medicine applications. However, these cells implanted in lesions as single cells or tissue constructs encounter an ischemic microenvironment responsible for their massive death post-transplantation, a major roadblock to successful clinical therapies. We hereby propose a paradigm shift for enhancing hMSC survival by designing, developing, and testing an enzyme-controlled, nutritive hydrogel with an inbuilt glucose delivery system for the first time. This hydrogel, composed of fibrin, starch (a polymer of glucose), and amyloglucosidase (AMG, an enzyme that hydrolyze glucose from starch), provides physiological glucose levels to fuel hMSCs via glycolysis. hMSCs loaded in these hydrogels and exposed to near anoxia (0.1% pO2) in vitro exhibited improved cell viability and angioinductive functions for up to 14 days. Most importantly, these nutritive hydrogels promoted hMSC viability and paracrine functions when implanted ectopically. Our findings suggest that local glucose delivery via the proposed nutritive hydrogel can be an efficient approach to improve hMSC-based therapeutic efficacy.

Long-term effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on glycaemic control in patients with diabetes with periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Non-surgical periodontal therapy consisting of scaling and root planning has been shown to be effective in the improvement of glycaemic control in patients with diabetes with periodontitis for up to 3 months. However, questions remain about this beneficial effect over a longer period of time. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the long-term effect (at least 6 months from the therapy) of non-surgical periodontal therapy with or without adjuvant on glycaemic control of patients with diabetes with periodontitis. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This systematic review will include randomised control trials with a follow-up period of at least 6 months after initial therapy, with measurement of glycated haemoglobin as the primary endpoint. A literature search will be conducted in MEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL, The Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register, and the US National Institutes of Health Trials Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov, from inception to 30 June 2020. Selection of studies, data extraction and bias assessment will be conducted independently by two reviewers. A DerSimonian-Laird random-effect meta-analysis will be conducted to pool studies deemed to be homogeneous. A subgroup analysis will be conducted in case of substantial heterogeneity. Egger's test and observation of the funnel plot will be used to assess publication bias. The statistical analysis will be done using R V.4.0.0 software. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Since primary data are not collected, ethical approval is not required. The final report will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020192635.

Osteoformation potential of an allogenic partially demineralized bone matrix in critical-size defects in the rat calvarium.

Allogenic demineralized bone matrix has been developed as a reliable alternative to the autologous bone graft. In the present study, we assessed the osteoformation potential of a partially demineralized bone matrix (PDBM) in a paste form obtained without an added carrier. This formulation included the preparation of cancelous bone from femoral heads after decellularision, delipidation, demineralization in HCl and autoclaving at 121 °C. Structural and biochemical characteristics of PDBM were determined using FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), hydroxyproline, DNA content assays, and optical ellipsometry. The osteoformation potential was evaluated in 8-, 6-, and 4-mm-diameter rat-calvarial bone defects by in vivo micro-CT analysis, performed immediately after surgery on days 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60. Moreover, histological and histomorphometric analyses were done on day 60. PDBM was compared to cancelous bone powder (BP) before its partial demineralization. The expression levels of selected inflammation-, angiogenesis-, and bone-related genes were also investigated by RT-PCR, 3, 7, and 14 days after surgery. Compared to the control group, the PDBM group exhibited a significant increase (p < 0.05) in radiopacity in 8-mm- and 6-mm-diameter defects at all time points tested. On day 60, the amount of newly-formed bone was greater (16 and 1.6 folds; p < 0.001; respectively) compared to that in control defects. No bone formation was observed in defects filled with BP regardeless of the size. In 8-mm-diameter defect, PDBM was effective enough to induce the upregulation of genes pertinent to inflammation (i.e., TNFα, IL-6, and IL-8), angiogenesis (i.e., VEGF, VWF), and osteogenesis (ALP, RUNX2, BGLAP, SP7) by day 3 after surgery. This study showed that the tested PDBM deeply influences the early critical events involved in bone regeneration and exhibits efficient osteoformation capacity, making it an attractive graft option for treating defects in periodontal and maxillofacial areas.

New classification of periodontal diseases (NCPD): an application in a sub-Saharan country.

PURPOSE: To determine the clinical and radiological profile of periodontitis according to the 2018 NCPD, in a Dakar (Senegal) based periodontal clinic. METHODS: This is a descriptive study based on patient's records in the periodontology clinic. The study was conducted between November 2018 and February 2020 (15 months). All periodontitis cases were included in the study. Incomplete records (due to lack of radiographic workup or unusable periodontal charting) were excluded. Periodontitis diagnosis was established based on criteria used in the 2018 NCPD. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 20.0, with the significance threshold set at 0.05. RESULTS: A total number of 517 patient records were collected during the study period but only 127 periodontitis records were complete. The mean age of participants was 46.8 ± 13.8 years and 63.8% of participants were males. The mean plaque index and bleeding on probing (BOP) were 74% ± 21.3 and 58.1% ± 25.1, respectively. The mean maximum clinical attachment loss was 8.7 mm ±2.7, with a probing depth greater than 6 mm present in 50.4% of the sample. The median number of missing teeth was 3 (interquartile range 5-1). Pathological mobility was present in 60.6% of the patients and 78.0% had occlusion problems. Bone crest defect at the most affected site was moderate in 52.8% of cases. The ratio of bone loss to age greater than one concerned 66.1% of the sample. Generalised (81.9%), Stage IV (70.1%) and grade C (69.3%) were the most encountered diagnosis. The disease severity was associated with age (r = 0.241; P < 0.001), BOP (r = 0.230; P = 0.013) and the number of teeth with pathological mobility (r = 0.318; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Patients with periodontitis in this study had advanced forms of the disease and required multidisciplinary care. Clinical hindsight is necessary to improve this classification.

Intérêt de la greffe épithélioconjonctive au cours du traitement orthodontique multiattaches: rapport de 3 cas / Interest of free gingival grafting during multi-attachment orthodontic treatment: a 3-case report

Introduction. La récession gingivale (RG) entraine une exposition de la racine et une hypersensibilité. L'étiologie est multifactorielle. Une incidence plus élevée pourrait être observée au niveau des dents avec des phénotypes parodontaux fins ou si des forces orthodontiques ont été appliquées pour déplacer les dents en dehors de leurs processus alvéolaires. La greffe épithélioconjonctive (GEC) est indiquée pour prévenir ou corriger la RG et améliorer l'esthétique. L'objectif de ce rapport de cas est de montrer l'intérêt de la GEC dans la prise en charge des RG en cours de traitement orthodontique multiattaches. Observation clinique et prise en charge. Trois patientes en cours de traitement orthodontique multiattaches depuis 2 ans ont été référées dans la clinique de parodontie de l'Institut d'Odontologie et de Stomatologie de l'Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, avec des RG de type 2 (RT2) de Cairo sur la 31 et la 41. Un diagnostic parodontal de gingivite induite par le biofilm a été posé pour la première patiente. Les deux autres patientes présentaient une parodontite localisée de stade II et de grade B. La prise en charge a consisté en une thérapeutique initiale suivie d'une réévaluation à 2 mois. L'indication de la GEC a été posée avec comme objectifs de créer une bande de gencive kératinisée avec un approfondissement du vestibule en regard de la 31 et de la 41 et d'obtenir un recouvrement radiculaire. Des résultats satisfaisants ont pu être obtenus. Conclusion. Les rapports entre parodontie et orthodontie Impliquent un diagnostic initial précis et une planification thérapeutique coordonnée des intervenants.

Introduction. Gingival recession (GR) leads to root exposure and hypersensitivity. The etiology is multifactorial. A higher incidence may be observed in teeth with fine periodontal phenotypes, or if orthodontic forces have been applied to move teeth out of their alveolar processes. Free gingival grafting (FGG) is indicated to prevent or correct GR and improve aesthetics. The aim of this case report is to demonstrate the value of ECG in the management of GR during multiattachment orthodontic treatment. Case description and management. Three patients undergoing multiattachment orthodontic treatment for 2 years were referred to the periodontics clinic of the of the Institut d'Odontologie et de Stomatologie at Cheikh Anta Diop University in Dakar, with Cairo type 2 GR (RT2) on 31 and 41. A periodontal diagnosis of biofilm -induced gingivitis was made for the first patient. The other two patients presented with localized stage II, grade B periodontitis. Management consisted of initial therapy followed by reassessment at 2 months. The indication for FGG was to create a band of keratinized gingiva with deepening of the vestibule opposite 31 and 41, and to achieve root coverage. Satis factory results were obtained. Conclusion. The relationship between periodontics and orthodontics requires accurate initial diagnosis and coordinated treatment planning. .

Impact de l'état de surface implantaire sur le risque de péri-implantite: revue systématique / Impact of implant surface characteristics on risk of peri-implantitis: a systematic review

INTRODUCTION: La mucosite et la péri-implantite sont des pathologies inflammatoires péri-implantaires d'origine infectieuse survenant autour d'implants en fonction. Les différences de conception des systèmes implantaires dans leurs caractéristiques chimiques de surface peuvent influer sur le risque potentiel de colonisation bactérienne de l'interface dent-implant .Même si plusieurs études animales suggèrent le rôle de l'état de surface dans le développement de la péri-implantite, les résultats restent contradictoires et difficilement reproductibles chez l'homme. L'objectif de cette étude était de déterminer à partir des preuves scientifiquement validées, l'impact des caractéristiques physico-chimiques de surface implantaire sur le risque de survenue d'une péri-implantite. MATÉRIELS ET MÉTHODES:Pour retrouver les articles pertinents , une stratégie de recherche couvrant la période allant du 01 Janvier 2004 au 10 Mai 2014 a été mise au point et appliquée aux bases de données MEDLINE, EMBASE, DENTISTRY & ORAL SCIENCES SOURCE et COCHRANE Library. Cette recherche électronique a été combinée à la recherche manuelle dans des revues spécialisées en parodontologie et en dentisterie implantaire. RÉSULTATS: 389 écrits sont retenus pour une inclusion dans l'étude, seuls 3 articles ont passé le filtre de l'analyse de la pertinence et des critères édictés a priori. Ces études réalisées entre 2004 et 2014 ont porté sur 705 implants posés sur 200 sujets. CONCLUSION: Les résultats ont montré que l'état de surface implantaire rugueuse ou lisse n'influence pas directement l'apparition des maladies péri-implantaires sauf en présence d'autres facteurs de risque de péri-implantite

Dental mobility is defined as an increase in the amount of movement of the dental crown under the effect of a defined force. This is a frequent reason for consultation for patients with periodontitis. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was carried out in the dentistry department of the Bamako Military Hospital over a period of 3 months (from January 15 to April 15, 2020). All patients who were consulted in the service and who agreed to participate in the study were included in this study. The mobility diagnosis was made using the Muhlemann index and a questionnaire was used for data collection. Dental mobility was present in 110 out of 750 patients, or 14.7%. Males represented 49%, age groups 46 and over accounted for 31.8% of cases. Pain was the most common reason for consultation with 47.3%. Muhlemann class 2 dental mobility represented the highest number with 54.6% of cases. Mobility affected more adults and women. These data illustrate the importance of implementing effective means of early management of periodontal diseases, in order to prevent the installation of disabling dental mobility for patients.

Connaissances et attitudes face aux péricoronarites: enquête auprès des chirurgiens-dentistes de Dakar (Sénégal)

INTRODUCTION: Une prise en charge efficace des urgences parodontales contribue au bien-être physique et psychologique du patient. L'objectif de ce travail était d'évaluer les connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des chirurgiens dentistes de Dakar face aux péricoronarites. MATÉRIELS ET MÉTHODES: Il s'est agi d'une enquête transversale descriptive réalisée auprès des chirurgiens dentistes de la région de Dakar et exerçant dans des structures privées, publiques et parapubliques. L'inclusion était basée sur la liste officielle de l'ordre national des chirurgiens dentistes du Sénégal (ONCD) de la région de Dakar de l'année 2015, et de celle du service de santé des Armées Sénégalaises. RÉSULTATS: L'échantillon comprenait 122 chirurgiens dentistes, dont 65 hommes. Le secteur public est le plus représentatif avec un pourcentage de 44,26%. Dans notre échantillon, 84,43% des dentistes prescrivent des antibiotiques et des analgésiques et 41,80% réalisent une détersion des lésions avec une boulette de coton imbibée de peroxyde d'hydrogène à 10 volumes. Cependant, 64,75% des dentistes font une excision du capuchon muqueux en urgence. CONCLUSION: La prise en charge de la péricoronarite n'est pas toujours conforme aux recommandations scientifiques actuelles. Afin de ne pas compromettre le potentiel de cicatrisation du parodonte, la formation continue des chirurgiens dentistes sénégalais devrait être un impératif éthique et légal