NOBEL-BOX: Development of a Low-Cost Ship-Based Instrument for Ocean Monitoring.

This research aims to develop an inexpensive ocean observation instrument with the project name NOBEL (Nusantara Oceanography Backdoor Experiment Laboratory)-BOX. The device can be installed on all types of vessels for mapping the water conditions, providing accurate data for managing a marine area, particularly regarding water quality. The principle of NOBEL-BOX is to attach six sensors in a container connected to a microcontroller and then measure specific data directly and automatically. The methodology employed included experimental design, laboratory and field tests, and data evaluation to develop the necessary system and instruments. The design process encompassed the construction of the instrument and the fabrication, involving the creation of three-dimensional drawings and the design of microcontrollers and data transmission systems and power capacity. This instrument is box-shaped with a microcontroller, sensors, a battery, and cables located inside. The testing phase included data validation, testing of the device in the laboratory, and field testing showed that the device worked. The data provided from this instrument could meet the specific criteria for seawater analysis.

Lipid Droplets in Endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae spp. Associated with Corals.

Symbiodiniaceae species is a dinoflagellate that plays a crucial role in maintaining the symbiotic mutualism of reef-building corals in the ocean. Reef-building corals, as hosts, provide the nutrition and habitat to endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae species and Symbiodiniaceae species transfer the fixed carbon to the corals for growth. Environmental stress is one of the factors impacting the physiology and metabolism of the corals-dinoflagellate association. The environmental stress triggers the metabolic changes in Symbiodiniaceae species resulting in an increase in the production of survival organelles related to storage components such as lipid droplets (LD). LDs are found as unique organelles, mainly composed of triacylglycerols surrounded by phospholipids embedded with some proteins. To date, it has been reported that investigation of lipid droplets significantly present in animals and plants led to the understanding that lipid droplets play a key role in lipid storage and transport. The major challenge of investigating endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae species lies in overcoming the strategies in isolating lesser lipid droplets present in its intercellular cells. Here, we review the most recent highlights of LD research in endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae species particularly focusing on LD biogenesis, mechanism, and major lipid droplet proteins. Moreover, to comprehend potential novel ways of energy storage in the symbiotic interaction between endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae species and its host, we also emphasize recent emerging environmental factors such as temperature, ocean acidification, and nutrient impacting the accumulation of lipid droplets in endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae species.

A series of small-scale atmospheric datasets observed in south of Java, Pangandaraan Bay, Indonesia.

This paper presents a collection of small-scale atmospheric datasets obtained from a PCE-FWS 20 N weather station in Pangandaraan, a region situated in the southern part of Java Island. The datasets cover a period from March 2022 to April 2023, with hourly measurements of air temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, and daily rainfall. The instrument was cleaned and calibrated every three months according to the manufacturer's guidelines. Every week the data was downloaded from the memory card, resulting in a total of 48,468 data points available in a publicly accessible repository. The collected data were organized into .csv format and visualized to facilitate analysis. Our study aims to explore the microclimate of Pangandaraan over an extended period and highlights its potential applications in various fields, such as applied oceanography, meteorology, fishing grounds, and agriculture.

Baseline data of marine debris in the Indonesia beaches.

This study was conducted around the beaches in Indonesia in order to investigate the level of pollution in the marine environment. Thirteen (13) locations in six (6) regions namely: Seribu Island, Banten, South Java, Biawak Islands, West Papua, and East Nusa making up a total length of 12.84 km of the area were studied. This investigation focused on the debris around isolated beaches, tourist attraction centers, fishing zones and marine protected areas (MPA). The method employed in this study was dependent on the international coastal cleanup form. The samples of debris collected and studied varied from the year 2013 to 2018 for a thorough investigation. The beach debris monitoring equipment revealed information about the distribution, abundance, types and, effects of marine debris on the ecosystem. Moreover, the study showed that the mass of debris collected within the areas listed weighted 1113.10 kg for 34,330 collected items. Also, the average density was noted to range between 1.43 and 5.11 items/m2. However, it was observed that plastic products constituted the highest percentage of the pollutants found in almost all the stations, with plastic bags being the most dominant.

Oceanography dataset in Bonpies archipelago as remote island in Java Seas, Indonesia.

The oceanographic data presented in this article were collected in the Bonpies island, as part of the Java Seas. The data were collected by in-situ measurement from several expeditions from 2011 to 2016. The data presented here include bathymetry, sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), ocean transparency, dissolved oxygen, and pH. All data were collected by daily in-situ measurements in different seasons. There were 5768 data measured from several portable instruments, including echo-sounder and portable instruments. Calibration of the instrument was carried out before and after the survey in accordance with the protocol provided by the manufacturer. Measurements are made directly and recorded into a log sheet paper and the data format is Comma Separated Files (.csv). This in-situ data would be most useful for regional climate studies, including forecasting such as El Nino and Indian Ocean Dipole effects, oceanographic condition, and marine resources management.