Review of lactation management in women following perinatal loss / 中华护理杂志

Perinatal loss is one of the most serious childbirth trauma,which seriously affects maternal physical and mental health.At present,the management strategy of maternal lactation can be divided into two aspects:milk return and milk donation.Breast milk donation may build new values of perinatal loss,which can promote maternal physical and mental recovery.This article reviewed the conception,status,motivations,facilitators,barriers and interventions of lactation management in women following perinatal loss,so as to provide bases for improving the awareness of obstetric nursing staff,quality of obstetric care and future research on lactation management in women following perinatal loss in China.

A nomogram prediction of pressure sores in patients underwent fracture surgery / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To analyze the risk factors of pressure sores in patients underwent fracture surgery to establish a nomogram model to predict the risk of pressure sores. Methods From June 2012 to June 2017,3 796 patients underwent fracture surgery were enrolled in this study.Their clinical data were analyzed and univariate analysis was used to determine the risk factors related to pressure sores. The significant variables were included in the multivariate Logistic regression analysis to analyze the risk factors of pressure sores. Then the R software was used to establish a predictive nomogram model. Bootstrap method was used to validate the nomogram model and ROC curve was used to explore the predictive efficacy of the model in predicting the pressure sores. Results A total of 392 cases out of 3 796 cases of fracture surgery had pressure sores.The prevalence rate was 10.33%(392/3 796).Age(OR=3.56,95% CI 1.84-5.21),obesity(OR=2.25,95% CI 1.27-3.69),malnutrition(OR=3.91,95% CI 1.90-5.87), diabetes mellitus (OR=2.73,95% CI 1.50-4.32), and surgery time over 2.5 h (OR=5.14,95% CI 2.81-7.25) were all independent risk factors for pressure sores in fracture surgery (P<0.05). The nomogram model showed a C-index of 0.749 with good discrimination and accuracy,while ROC curve showed that the area under the curve for the nomogram model predicting pressure sores was 0.727 (95% CI 0.661-0.815). Conclusions The nomogram built based on age, obesity, malnutrition, diabetes mellitus, and surgery time over 2.5 h has good discrimination and accuracy which could be helpful for screening the patients with high risk and making the interventional strategies.

A nomogram prediction of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To analyze the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications(PPC)in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery to establish a nomogram model to predict the risk of PPC.Methods From January 2014 to October 2017,316 patients undergoing lung cancer surgery at Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University were enrolled in this study.Their clinical data were analyzed and univariate analysis was used to determine the risk factors related to PPC.The significant variables were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis to analyze the independent risk factors for PPC.Then the R software was used to establish a predictive nomogram model.Bootstrap method was used to validate the nomogram model and ROC curve was used to explore the predictive efficacy of the model in predicting the PPC.Results A total of 55 cases out of 316 patients undergoing lung cancer surgery had PPC.The prevalence rate was 17.4%.Age(OR=1.151,95%CI 1.041-1.274),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)(OR=3.659,95%CI 1.498-8.939),smoking index(OR=1.171,95%CI 1.055-1.300),pN stage(N1:OR=6.686,95%CI 1.959-22.814;N2:OR=7.714,95%CI 2.390-24.900;N3:OR=15.943,95%CI 4.318-58.869)and the poor compliance of breathing exercise(OR=1.298,95%CI 1.031-1.635)were all independent risk factors for PPC.The nomogram model showed a conformance-index of 0.841,while ROC curve showed that the area under the curve for the nomogram model predicting pressure sores was 0.820(95%CI:0.760-0.881).Conclusions The nomogram built based on age,COPD,smoking index,pN stage,and the poor compliance of breathing exercises has good discrimination and accuracy which could be used for predicting individual PPC risk and screening the patients with high risk,with potentially high clinical application value.

A qualitative research on the attitude and intention of endowment of community elderly residents / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To describe the attitude and intention of endowment of community elderly residents. Methods Sixteen elderly residents were interviewed through objective sampling method. The Colaizzi analysis was used for data analysis. Results Four themes were concluded, including active attitude, negative attitude, most elderly choosing the home care service, low recognition about residential care facilities. Conclusion The elderly has different attitude of endowment. Therefore, researchers should pay attention to understand the old people's attitude towards the aged, guiding the elderly to face the elderly life actively, respecting the intention of the elderly, and taking this as the guidance to construct the diversified caring service system.

Clinical values of solution-focused therapy for caregivers of elderly patients with hip fractures / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of solution-focused therapy on the care burden and negative emotions of the primary caregivers with elderly patients with hip fractures. Methods One hundred and sixty-eight elderly patients with hip fractures and caregivers were divided into intervention group and control group with 84 pairs by random digits table method, and the two groups were given continual nursing care. At the same time, the primary caregivers of intervention group accepted the solution-focused therapy. Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used as the evaluation indexes. Results Before intervention, the score of CBI, SAS,SDS was (42.07 ± 4.24), (50.75 ± 11.21), (51.59 ± 13.18) points in control group and (42.10 ± 3.96), (50.48 ± 12.59), (52.96 ± 13.51) points in intervention group, and there was no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, the score of CBI, SAS, SDS was (40.49±3.17), (50.64±11.33), (50.14±10.25) points in control group and (28.95±2.87), (36.73±9.45), (41.60±8.23) points in intervention group, and there was significant differences between two groups (t=5.42, 8.73, 7.45, all P<0.05). Conclusions Solution-focused therapy can effectively reduce the care burden of the primary caregivers of elderly patients with hip fractures and alleviate their anxiety and depression.

Integrative Analysis of Microarray Data to Reveal Regulation Patterns in the Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The integration of multiple profiling data and the construction of a transcriptional regulatory network may provide additional insights into the molecular mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study was conducted to investigate the deregulation of genes and the transcriptional regulatory network in HCC. METHODS: An integrated analysis of HCC gene expression datasets was performed in Gene Expression Omnibus. Functional annotation of the differentially expression genes (DEGs) was conducted. Furthermore, transcription factors (TFs) were identified, and a global transcriptional regulatory network was constructed. RESULTS: An integrated analysis of eight eligible gene expression profiles of HCC led to 1,835 DEGs. Consistent with the fact that the cell cycle is closely related to various tumors, the functional annotation revealed that genes involved in the cell cycle were significantly enriched. A transcriptional regulatory network was constructed using the 62 TFs, which consisted of 872 TF-target interactions between 56 TFs and 672 DEGs in the context of HCC. The top 10 TFs covering the most downstream DEGs were ZNF354C, NFATC2, ARID3A, BRCA1, ZNF263, FOXD1, GATA3, FOXO3, FOXL1, and NR4A2. This network will appeal to future investigators focusing on the development of HCC. CONCLUSIONS: The transcriptional regulatory network can provide additional information that is valuable in understanding the underlying molecular mechanism in hepatic tumorigenesis.

Effect of high-fat diet on the intestinal short-chain fatty acids in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease rats / 中华临床营养杂志

Objective To observe the changes of blood lipid and intestinal short-chain fatty acids in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by high-fat diet,and to explore the role of intestinal short-chain fatty acids in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.Methods Male SD rats (n =12) were randomly divided into control group and high-fat group according to the random number table.The control group was fed with normal diet,while the high-fat group was fed with high-fat diet.The rats were sacrificed at the end of eighth week after experiment.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the liver in the two groups,the changes in serum lipid profile were measured,and the changes of the contents of feces short-chain fatty acids in the two groups of rats were determined by gas chromatography.Results The levels of serum alanine transaminase [(139.6 ± 17.29) U/L vs.(37.67 ±5.28) U/L],aspartate transaminase [(367 ±49.36) U/Lvs.(97.67 ±13.92) U/L],triglyceride [(0.83±0.08) mmol/Lvs.(0.60± 0.04) mmol/L],totalcholesterol [(6.34±0.53) mmol/Lvs.(1.77±0.29) mmol/L],andvery-lowdensity lipoprotein [(0.31 ±0.03) mmol/L vs.(0.22 ±0.01) mmol/L] in the high-fat group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the contents of acetic acid,propionic acid and total short-chain fatty acids in the high-fat group were significantly lower [(0.16 ± 0.03) ng/μlvs.(0.21±0.04) ng/μl;(0.05±0.01) ng/μlvs.(0.08±0.01) ng/μl;(0.25±0.05) ng/μl vs.(0.33 ± 0.05) ng/μl;all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The level of intestinal short-chain fatty acids is reduced in the NAFLD rats induced by high-fat diet.Monitoring of feces short-chain fatty acids may play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD.

Analysis of the Utilization of National Essential Medicines in a Cancer Hospital of Shandong Province in the First Half Year of 2014 / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the further implementation of national essential medicines. METHODS:The drugs consumption data of outpatients and inpatients in our hospital from Jan. 1 to Jun. 30,2014 were statistically analyzed. RE-SULTS:Variety numbers of national essential medicines in our hospital occupied 37.38%(228/610) in total drugs variety numbers of the whole hospital,consumption sum of national essential medicines occupied 9.80%(817.02 million yuan/8 338.12 million yu-an) in all drugs consumption sum. The first 20 national essential medicines listed in consumption sum were mainly anti-cancer drugs and water,electrolyte and acid-base balance regulation drugs. CONCLUSIONS:In the utilization of national essential medi-cines,variety proportion and consumption sum ratio in our hospital are relatively low. It is suggested to make clear the use require-ments of national essential medicines in cancer hospitals to make more reasonable and scientific selection of anti-tumor medicines in National Essential Medicines List and reasonably increase the assistant medicines related to the treatment of neoplastic diseases;hos-pitals should take effective measures to promote the usage rate of national essential medicines.

Design and analysis of the scientific technological retrieval management system of TCM / 国际中医中药杂志

This paper expounds the needs analysis and system design of traditional Chinese medical science and technology of sci-tech novelty search management system,discusses the architecture of the system and each functional module,and summarizes and discusses the meaning of this system when applied in sci-tech novelty search.

pplication of knowledge management in novelty research of traditional Chinese medicine / 国际中医中药杂志

In this article,the writer analyzed the current situation and problem of novelty research of traditional Chinese medicine.The main body of this article is complied with how to apply knowledge management in novelty research of traditional Chinese medicine.

The abroad research status of chinese anti-neoplasms herbs basing on Pubmed database / 国际中医中药杂志

This article is basing on the literatures of Pubmed database, collecting and analyzing recent-year abroad researches that related on Chinese anti-neoplasms herbs and botanicals.

Status analysis of overseas acupuncture treatment of cancer based on PUBMED database / 国际中医中药杂志

By summarizing PUBMED documents of the recent 10 years,which focus on the overseas acupuncture treatment of cancer,the author analyzed the overseas status of acupuncture treatment on cancer,searched the priorities and problems,and advocated advices for domestic researches of clinical and fundamental acupuncture treatment on cancer.

Analysis and Suggestion on Issues of Novelty Research to New Drug Declaration of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 国际中医中药杂志

The novelty research is very important for the new drug declaration. This article points out the methods on how to fill in the application, how to grasp the research content correctly and how to formulate retrieval methods in the process of novelty research.

Problems and Suggestions for the Novelty Retrieval of TCM / 国际中医中药杂志

The Document Retrieval Center of TCM, founded in 1992, plays an important role in the novelty retrieval of TCM scientific researching projects and clinic researches. But there are still some problems needed to be improved. The author suggests that relative governmental agents and staffs who engage in novelty retrieval should think highly of the novelty retieval of TCM to establish and consummate relative rules and regulations in order to provide the qualified services.

Analyze to Medical Situation of CAM in Developed Countries / 国际中医中药杂志

This article reviewed development and current situation of Complementary and Alternative Medicine(CAM) in developed countries such as european countries, Japan, South Korea, Australia and the United States of recent years. The items included in this study were the situation of medical treatment, construction of medical institutions and associations, medical cost and the insurance. The article also made a suggestion on the development of TCM in China in order to ensure her leading role in the field of traditional medicine in the world.

Investigating the Status of Psychological Health for Nursing Fresher and Countermeasures / 中国医学伦理学

To ensure the quality of nursing teaching and explore mental health of the newcomers， We have investigated mental health of 276 new students in narsing major Grade 98，Grade 99 through self—designed questionnaire from the investigation,we know that the students are troubled with anxiety fear，self—abased and sensitive personal relationship in aifferent degrees．For these problems，we have analysed the reasons，adopted appropriate measures and achieved the good results of steady feelings,better study quality and satifactory study results.

Technique for the Cultivation of Ural Licorice(Glycyrrhiza uralensis)in Saline-alkali Soil / 中草药

Biogenic characteristiccs for the growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in saline-alkali soil was reported. Typesof saline- alkali soil sultable for the growth of G. uralensis,and technique of cultivation management and processing of G. uralensis in saline-alkali soil were discussed. Thus it provides a basis for the growth of G. uralensis in saline-alkali soil.

A high-throughput radioactivity-based assay for screening SARS-CoV-2 nsp10-nsp16 complex

Frequent outbreaks of novel coronaviruses (CoVs), highlighted by the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, necessitate the development of therapeutics that could be easily and effectively administered world-wide. The conserved mRNA-capping process enables CoVs to evade their host immune system and is a target for antiviral development. Nonstructural protein (nsp) 16 in complex with nsp10 catalyzes the final step of coronaviral mRNA-capping through its 2-O-methylation activity. Like other methyltransferases, SARS-CoV-2 nsp10-nsp16 complex is druggable. However, the availability of an optimized assay for high-throughput screening (HTS) is an unmet need. Here, we report the development of a radioactivity-based assay for methyltransferase activity of nsp10-nsp16 complex in a 384-well format, and kinetic characterization, and optimization of the assay for HTS (Z'-factor: 0.83). Considering the high conservation of nsp16 across known CoV species, the potential inhibitors targeting SARS-CoV-2 nsp10-nsp16 complex may also be effective against other emerging pathogenic CoVs.

A high throughput RNA displacement assay for screening SARS-CoV-2 nsp10-nsp16 complex towards developing therapeutics for COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus that causes COVID-19, evades the human immune system by capping its RNA. This process protects the viral RNA and is essential for its replication. Multiple viral proteins are involved in this RNA capping process including the nonstructural protein 16 (nsp16) which is an S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-dependent 2-O-methyltransferase. Nsp16 is significantly active when in complex with another nonstructural protein, nsp10, which plays a key role in its stability and activity. Here we report the development of a fluorescence polarization (FP)-based RNA displacement assay for nsp10-nsp16 complex in 384-well format with a Z'-Factor of 0.6, suitable for high throughput screening. In this process, we purified the nsp10-nsp16 complex to higher than 95% purity and confirmed its binding to the methyl donor SAM, product of the reaction, SAH, and a common methyltransferase inhibitor, sinefungin using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC). The assay was further validated by screening a library of 1124 drug-like compounds. This assay provides a cost-effective high throughput method for screening nsp10-nsp16 complex for RNA-competitive inhibitors towards developing COVID-19 therapeutics.

Probing the SAM Binding Site of SARS-CoV-2 nsp14 in vitro Using SAM Competitive Inhibitors Guides Developing Selective bi-substrate Inhibitors

The COVID-19 pandemic has clearly brought the healthcare systems world-wide to a breaking point along with devastating socioeconomic consequences. The SARS-CoV-2 virus which causes the disease uses RNA capping to evade the human immune system. Non-structural protein (nsp) 14 is one of the 16 nsps in SARS-CoV-2 and catalyzes the methylation of the viral RNA at N7-guanosine in the cap formation process. To discover small molecule inhibitors of nsp14 methyltransferase (MT) activity, we developed and employed a radiometric MT assay to screen a library of 161 in house synthesized S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) competitive methyltransferase inhibitors and SAM analogs. Among seven identified screening hits, SS148 inhibited nsp14 MT activity with an IC50 value of 70 {+/-} 6 nM and was selective against 20 human protein lysine methyltransferases indicating significant differences in SAM binding sites. Interestingly, DS0464 with IC50 value of 1.1 {+/-} 0.2 M showed a bi-substrate competitive inhibitor mechanism of action. Modeling the binding of this compound to nsp14 suggests that the terminal phenyl group extends into the RNA binding site. DS0464 was also selective against 28 out of 33 RNA, DNA, and protein methyltransferases. The structure-activity relationship provided by these compounds should guide the optimization of selective bi-substrate nsp14 inhibitors and may provide a path towards a novel class of antivirals against COVID-19, and possibly other coronaviruses.