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Invasive aspergillosis usually affects immunocompromised hosts with variable manifestations depending on the site of infection. In this article, we present two cases of invasive Aspergillosis in two non-immunocompromised patients; both cases had a paranasal sinuses infection, with intraorbital and intracranial extension, requiring surgery and antifungal treatment with Voriconazole. These cases were initially diagnosed as paranasal sinus neoplasms. However, the pathology and microbiology studies revealed invasive fungal infection by Aspergillus flavus.
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Resumen Introducción: Actualmente la vitamina D ha ganado importancia, por ser considerada una hormona y porque sus bajos niveles están asociados con diferentes patologías, especialmente alteraciones de la masa ósea. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de bajos niveles de vitamina D en pacientes adultos con osteopenia y osteoporosis, atendidos en consulta externa de endocrinología en Popayán Cauca. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo que incluyó pacientes con diagnóstico de osteopenia y osteoporosis realizado por densitometría ósea entre los años 2013 y 2016, que tenían reporte de niveles de vitamina D obtenidos por cualquier método. Se describieron características sociodemográficas, resultados de densitometría ósea, niveles vitamina D, hormona paratiroidea y calcio iónico. Resultados: Se incluyeron 300 pacientes con diagnóstico de osteopenia y osteoporosis de los cuales 211 tenían bajos niveles de vitamina D, para una prevalencia del 71,3%, el nivel promedio de 25 hidroxivitamina D fue de 24,35ng/ml. Conclusiones: La alta prevalencia de bajos niveles de vitamina D en pacientes con osteopenia y osteoporosis hace indispensable la medición de 25 hidroxivitamina D en esta población, esto con el fin de realizar una intervención terapéutica apropiada.
Abstract Introduction: Vitamin D has gained interest because it is a hormone whose low levels are associated with different pathologies such as bone mass disorders. Objective: To determine the prevalence of low levels of vitamin D in adult patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis who received care at an outpatient endocrinology clinic in Popayan, Cauca. Materials and methods: A retrospective and descriptive study that included patients diagnosed with osteopenia and osteoporosis through bone densitometry between 2013 and 2016, who also had their vitamin D levels measured by means of any laboratory method. Sociodemographic characteristics, bone densitometry results as well as vitamin D, parathormone and ionic calcium levels were described. Results: A total of 300 patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis were included in the study, of which 211 had low levels of vitamin D, representing a prevalence of 71.3%. Finally, the average level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 24.35 ng/ml. Conclusion: The high prevalence of low levels of vitamin D in patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis highlights the importance to measure 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in this population in order to carry out an appropriate therapeutic intervention.
Asunto(s)
Vitamina D , Enfermedades Óseas Metabólicas , Osteoporosis , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
Antecedentes. Las tasas de donación y trasplantes en Colombia han descendido. Actualmente, se implementa una norma que exige capacitación al personal médico de cuidado intensivo en gestión de la donación. Objetivo. Identificar actitudes y conocimientos frente a la donación en médicos intensivistas de Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal descriptivo realizado a través de un formulario enviado por correo electrónico a los miembros de la Asociación Colombiana de Medicina Crítica y Cuidado Intensivo. Resultados. 93.75% donaría sus órganos, 97.91%, los órganos de un familiar fallecido, 95.83% donaría en vida uno de sus órganos, 83.33% ha manifestado su intención de donar, 41.66% conoce campañas de promoción a la donación, 12.5% tiene carné de donante y 22.92% ha donado sangre en el último año. 66.66% cree que se debe fortalecer la comunicación sobre donación en la unidad de críticos, 60.42% no aborda la donación con familias de potenciales donantes. 54.17% no conoce la legislación sobre donación 43.75% tiene un concepto desfavorable sobre el modelo de trasplantes colombiano, y 18.75% califica como regular/mala la interacción laboral con los coordinadores de trasplantes. Conclusiones. Los participantes tienen buena actitud ante la donación; sin embargo, muchos desconocen el marco legal de esta en Colombia. Habitualmente no se incluye la donación dentro del ejercicio clínico en cuidado intensivo. La Resolución 2003 de 2014 podría impactar las tasas de donación, si, además de capacitar a los intensivistas, se les brinda la opción de integrarse con la medicina de donación y de ejercer labores propias de la coordinación de trasplantes, se promueve la formación de nuevos coordinadores de trasplante y se integra a las ciudades intermedias del país con la Red Nacional de Donación y Trasplante.
Background. Donation rate and the number of transplants performed in Colombia have decreased. Currently, a new health rule that requests training of health staff in intensive care units to encourage donation, is being implemented. Objective. This study aims to identify Colombian intensive care physicians' attitudes and knowledge about donation. Materials and methods. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study performed through a structured questionnaire, sent by e-mail to members of the Colombian Association of Critical Care Medicine. Results. 93.75% of participants would donate organs after death, 97.9% would donate organs from a death family member, 95.83% would donate as living donor to a family member. 88.33% have communicated to their family their intention to donate, 41.66% acknowledge some donation promotional campaigns, 12.5% carry donor card. 22.92% have donated blood during the last year; 66.66% consider that it is important to improve communication of donation strategies between staff members of critical care units; 60.42% don't talk about donation with families of potential donors; 54.17% don't know Colombian legislation about donation and transplantation; 18.75% consider fair/poor its working relationship with transplant coordinators; and 43.75% have an unfavorable concept of Colombian transplantation model. Conclusions. Participants show a favorable attitude towards organ donation. However, there is no significant knowledge on Colombian legal issues of donation. Participants do not routinely talk about donation. Resolution 2003 of 2014 will positively influence on national rates of donation given that additionally to intensive care staff training, they have the opportunity to become part of the transplant process and to manage transplant coordination activities. Formation of new transplant coordinators, and integration of intermediate cities to the National Net of Transplant, will also help to increase donation rates.