CD44-targeting hyaluronic acid-selenium nanoparticles boost functional recovery following spinal cord injury.

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic strategies based on scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppressing inflammatory cascades are effective in improving functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the lack of targeting nanoparticles (NPs) with powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties hampers the clinical translation of these strategies. Here, CD44-targeting hyaluronic acid-selenium (HA-Se) NPs were designed and prepared for scavenging ROS and suppressing inflammatory responses in the injured spinal cord, enhancing functional recovery. RESULTS: The HA-Se NPs were easily prepared through direct reduction of seleninic acid in the presence of HA. The obtained HA-Se NPs exhibited a remarkable capacity to eliminate free radicals and CD44 receptor-facilitated internalization by astrocytes. Moreover, the HA-Se NPs effectively mitigated the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (such as IL-1ß, TNF-α, and IL-6) by microglia cells (BV2) upon lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. In vivo experiments confirmed that HA-Se NPs could effectively accumulate within the lesion site through CD44 targeting. As a result, HA-Se NPs demonstrated superior protection of axons and neurons within the injury site, leading to enhanced functional recovery in a rat model of SCI. CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight the potential of CD44-targeting HA-Se NPs for SCI treatment.

Gene variants and clinical characteristics of children with sitosterolemia.

OBJECTIVE: To enhance the detection, management and monitoring of Chinese children afflicted with sitosterolemia by examining the physical characteristics and genetic makeup of pediatric patients. METHODS: In this group, 26 children were diagnosed with sitosterolemia, 24 of whom underwent genetic analysis. Patient family medical history, physical symptoms, tests for liver function, lipid levels, standard blood tests, phytosterol levels, cardiac/carotid artery ultrasounds, fundus examinations, and treatment were collected. RESULTS: The majority (19, 73.1%) of the 26 patients exhibited xanthomas as the most prevalent manifestation. The second most common symptoms were joint pain (7, 26.9%) and stunted growth (4, 15.4%). Among the 24 (92.3%) patients whose genetics were analyzed, 16 (66.7%) harbored ABCG5 variants (type 2 sitosterolemia), and nearly one-third (8, 33.3%) harbored ABCG8 variants (type 1 sitosterolemia). Additionally, the most common pathogenic ABCG5 variant was c.1166G > A (p.Arg389His), which was found in 10 patients (66.7%). Further analysis did not indicate any significant differences in pathological traits among those carrying ABCG5 and ABCG8 variations (P > 0.05). Interestingly, there was a greater abundance of nonsense variations in ABCG5 than in ABCG8 (P = 0.09), and a greater frequency of splicing variations in ABCG8 than ABCG5 (P = 0.01). Following a change in diet or a combination of ezetimibe, the levels of cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein were markedly decreased compared to the levels reported before treatment. CONCLUSION: Sitosterolemia should be considered for individuals presenting with xanthomas and increased cholesterol levels. Phytosterol testing and genetic analysis are important for early detection. Managing one's diet and taking ezetimibe can well control blood lipids.

The interaction effect of obesity with sleep duration on urinary incontinence in adult females: a cross-sectional study of the NHANES database.

INTRODUCTION: This study aims to explore the interaction between obesity and sleep duration on UI in adult women. METHODS: Data of adult females were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database in 2005-2018 in this cross-sectional study. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were utilized to screen covariates and investigate the associations of obesity and sleep duration with 3 types of UI, including stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urgency urinary incontinence (UUI), and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). In addition, the interaction effect between obesity and sleep duration on UI was assessed. The evaluation indexes were odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion of interaction (AP) and synergy index (S). RESULTS: Among 13,692 eligible women, 6,063 had SUI, 4,370 had UUI, and 2,621 had MUI. After adjusting for the covariates, women with obesity had higher odds of SUI (OR=1.78, 95%CI: 1.59-2.00), UUI (OR=1.84, 95%CI: 1.63-2.06), and MUI (OR=1.67, 95%CI: 1.48-1.88), compared with those who without obesity. Similarly, comparing to adequate sleep, sleep deprivation and hypersomnia were both significantly linked to higher odds of all types of UI (all P<0.05). The restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves showed there is a U-shaped association of sleep duration with UUI and MUI respectively (all non-line P<0.05). In addition, there was a potential synergistic effect between obesity and hypersomnia on UUI (RERI=0.576, AP=0.243, S=1.729), and that on MUI (RERI=0.821, AP=0.339, and S=2.373). CONCLUSIONS: Obesity and hypersomnia had a potential synergistic effect on UI, especially UUI and MUI. Adult women should adopt measures to keep BMI within normal range, and timely intervene hypersomnia to reduce the possible risk of UI.

Afforestation enhances glomalin-related soil protein content but decreases its contribution to soil organic carbon in a subtropical karst area.

Afforestation on degraded croplands has been proposed as an effective measure to promote ecosystem functions including soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) plays a crucial role in promoting the accumulation and stability of SOC. Nevertheless, mechanisms underlying the effects of afforestation on GRSP accumulation have not been well elucidated. In the present study, 14 pairs of maize fields and plantation forests were selected using a paired-site approach in a karst region of southwest China. By measuring soil GRSP and a variety of soil biotic and abiotic variables, the pattern of and controls on GRSP accumulation in response to afforestation were explored. The average content of total GRSP (T-GRSP) and its contribution to SOC in the maize field were 5.22 ± 0.29 mg g-1 and 42.33 ± 2.25%, and those in the plantation forest were 6.59 ± 0.32 mg g-1 and 25.77 ± 1.17%, respectively. T-GRSP content was increased by 26.4% on average, but its contribution to SOC was decreased by 39.1% following afforestation. T-GRSP content decreased as soil depth increased regardless of afforestation or not. Afforestation increased T-GRSP indirectly via its positive effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi biomass, which was stimulated by afforestation through elevating fine root biomass or increasing the availability of labile C and N. The suppressed contribution of T-GRSP to SOC following afforestation was due to the relatively higher increase in other SOC components than T-GRSP and the significant increase of soil C:N ratio. Our study reveals the mechanisms underlying the effects of afforestation on T-GRSP accumulation, and is conducive to improving the mechanistic understanding of microbial control on SOC sequestration following afforestation.

Effects of photodynamic therapy in patients with infected skin ulcers: A meta-analysis.

The purpose of the meta-analysis was to evaluate and compare the photodynamic therapy's effectiveness in treating infected skin wounds. The results of this meta-analysis were analysed, and the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using dichotomous or contentious random- or fixed-effect models. For the current meta-analysis, 6 examinations spanning from 2013 to 2021 were included, encompassing 154 patients with infected skin wounds were the used studies' starting point. Photodynamic therapy had a significantly lower wound ulcer size (MD, -4.42; 95% CI, -7.56--1.28, p = 0.006), better tissue repair (MD, -8.62; 95% CI, -16.76--0.48, p = 0.04) and lower microbial cell viability (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.04-0.42, p < 0.001) compared with red light exposure in subjects with infected skin wounds. The examined data revealed that photodynamic therapy had a significantly lower wound ulcer size, better tissue repair and lower microbial cell viability compared with red light exposure in subjects with infected skin wounds. However, given that all examinations had a small sample size, consideration should be given to their values.

Correlation between psychological traits and the use of smart medical services in young and middle-aged adults: An observational study.

BACKGROUND: Psychological problems affect economic development. However, there is a huge gap between mental health service resources and mental health service needs. Existing mental health service technology and platforms cannot meet all the diverse mental health needs of people. Smart medicine is a new medical system based online that can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of medical services and make mental health services accessible. AIM: To explore the level of intelligent medical use among young and middle-aged people and its correlation with psychological factors. METHODS: Convenience sampling was used to select 200 young and middle-aged patients with medical experience at the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu between January 2022 and January 2023 as the research subjects. The general condition Questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Symptom Checklist-90, General Health Questionnaire, and Smart Medical Service Use Intention Questionnaire were used to collect data. Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the participants' willingness to use smart medical services and their personality characteristics, psychological symptoms, and mental health. RESULTS: The results revealed that the mental health of young and middle-aged people was poor, and some had psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and physical discomfort. Familiarity, acceptance, and usage of smart healthcare in this population are at a medium level, and these levels correlate with psychological characteristics. Acceptance was positively correlated with E, and negatively correlated with P, anxiety, fear, anxiety/insomnia, and social dysfunction. The degree of use was negatively correlated with P, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression, anxiety, hostility, paranoia, and somatic symptoms. CONCLUSION: The familiarity, acceptance, and usage of smart medical services among the middle-aged and young groups are related to various psychological characteristics.

Traditional Tibetan medicine: therapeutic potential in lung diseases.

Lung diseases have become a major threat to human health worldwide. Despite advances in treatment and intervention in recent years, effective drugs are still lacking for many lung diseases. As a traditional natural medicine, Tibetan medicine has had a long history of medicinal use in ethnic minority areas, and from ancient times to the present, it has a good effect on the treatment of lung diseases and has attracted more and more attention. In this review, a total of 586 Tibetan medicines were compiled through literature research of 25 classical works on Tibetan medicine, drug standards, and some Chinese and English databases. Among them, 33 Tibetan medicines have been studied to show their effectiveness in treating lung diseases. To investigate the uses of these Tibetan medicines in greater depth, we have reviewed the ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of the four commonly used Tibetan medicines for lung diseases (rhodiola, gentian, sea buckthorn, liexiang dujuan) and the five most frequently used Tibetan medicines (safflower, licorice, sandalwood, costus, myrobalan). It is expected to provide some reference for the development of new drugs of lung diseases in the future.

Shikonin reduces M2 macrophage population in ovarian cancer by repressing exosome production and the exosomal galectin 3-mediated ß-catenin activation.

BACKGROUND: Shikonin (SK), a naphthoquinone with anti-tumor effects, has been found to decrease production of tumor-associated exosomes (exo). This study aims to verify the treatment effect of SK on ovarian cancer (OC) cells, especially on the production of exo and their subsequent effect on macrophage polarization. METHODS: OC cells SKOV3 and A2780 were treated with SK. The exo were isolated from OC cells with or without SK treatment, termed OC exo and SK OC exo, respectively. These exo were used to treat PMA-induced THP-1 cells (M0 macrophages). M2 polarization of macrophages was determined by measuring the M2 specific cell surface markers CD163 and CD206 as well as the secretion of M2 cytokine IL-10. The functions of galectin 3 (LGALS3/GAL3) and ß-catenin in macrophage polarization were determined by gain- or loss-of-function assays. CB-17 SCID mice were subcutaneously injected with SKOV3 cells to generate xenograft tumors, followed by OC exo or SK OC exo treatment for in vivo experiments. RESULTS: SK suppressed viability, migration and invasion, and apoptosis resistance of OC cells in vitro. Compared to OC exo, SK OC exo reduced the M2 polarization of macrophages. Regarding the mechanism, SK reduced exo production in cancer cells, and it decreased the protein level of GAL3 in exo and recipient macrophages, leading to decreased ß-catenin activation. M2 polarization of macrophages was restored by LGALS3 overexpression but decreased again by the ß-catenin inhibitor FH535. Compared to OC exo, the SK OC exo treatment reduced the xenograft tumor growth in mice, and it decreased the M2 macrophage infiltration within tumor tissues. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that SK reduces M2 macrophage population in OC by repressing exo production and blocking exosomal GAL3-mediated ß-catenin activation.

Low-dose atorvastatin calcium combined with evolocumab: effect on regulatory proteins, lipid profiles, and cardiac function in coronary heart disease patients.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of combining low-dose atorvastatin calcium with evolocumab on complement regulatory protein levels, lipid profiles, and cardiac function in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted, with 180 CHD patients enrolled from Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between February 2022 and April 2023. These patients were randomly assigned to either the control group (n = 90), receiving low-dose atorvastatin calcium, or the research group (n = 90), receiving a combination of low-dose atorvastatin calcium and evolocumab. The changes in cardiac function indices, levels of blood lipids and complement proteins, incidence of side effects, and cardiovascular events were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: After treatment, both groups exhibited reductions in blood lipid levels. However, the research group demonstrated significantly lower levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) compared to the control group (all P < 0.001). Additionally, improvements in cardiac function indices were observed in both groups, with the research group displaying greater enhancements in cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Furthermore, the levels of complement regulatory proteins, including CD45, CD46, CD55, and CD59, increased in both groups after treatment, with the research group exhibiting significantly higher levels (all P < 0.001). Notably, the research group also exhibited a lower incidence of cardiovascular events. CONCLUSION: The combined use of low-dose atorvastatin calcium and evolocumab effectively modulates complement regulatory protein levels, optimizes blood lipid profiles, and enhances cardiac function in patients with CHD. This combination therapy represents a promising approach for management of CHD.

The Phenotypic Variation in Moso Bamboo and the Selection of Key Traits.

This research aimed to explore the diverse phenotypic characteristics of moso bamboo in China and pinpoint essential characteristics of moso bamboo. In this study, 63 grids were selected using the grid method to investigate 28 phenotypic traits of moso bamboo across the entire distribution area of China. The results suggest that the phenotypic traits of moso bamboo exhibit rich diversity, with coefficients of variation ranging from 5.87% to 36.57%. The phenotypic traits of moso bamboo showed varying degrees of correlation. A principal component analysis was used to identify seven main phenotypic trait indicators: diameter at breast height (DBH), leaf area (LA), leaf weight (LW), branch-to-leaf ratio (BLr), leaf moisture content (Lmc), wall-to-cavity ratio (WCr), and node length at breast height (LN), which accounted for 81.64% of the total information. A random forest model was used, which gave good results to validate the results. The average combined phenotypic trait value (D-value) of most germplasm was 0.563. The highest D-value was found in Wuyi 1 moso in Fujian (0.803), while the lowest D-value was observed in Pingle 2 moso in Guangxi (0.317). The clustering analysis of phenotypic traits classified China's moso bamboo germplasm into four groups. Group I had the highest D-value and is an important candidate germplasm for excellent germplasm screening.

Identification of potential diagnostic genes for atherosclerosis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is the most prevalent endocrine disorder among women in their reproductive years, is linked to a higher occurrence and severity of atherosclerosis (AS). Nevertheless, the precise manner in which PCOS impacts the cardiovascular well-being of women remains ambiguous. The Gene Expression Omnibus database provided four PCOS datasets and two AS datasets for this study. Through the examination of genes originating from differentially expressed (DEGs) and critical modules utilizing functional enrichment analyses, weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA), and machine learning algorithm, the research attempted to discover potential diagnostic genes. Additionally, the study investigated immune infiltration and conducted gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to examine the potential mechanism of the simultaneous occurrence of PCOS and AS. Two verification datasets and cell experiments were performed to assess biomarkers' reliability. The PCOS group identified 53 genes and AS group identified 175 genes by intersecting DEGs and key modules of WGCNA. Then, 18 genes from two groups were analyzed by machine learning algorithm. Death Associated Protein Kinase 1 (DAPK1) was recognized as an essential gene. Immune infiltration and single-gene GSEA results suggest that DAPK1 is associated with T cell-mediated immune responses. The mRNA expression of DAPK1 was upregulated in ox-LDL stimulated RAW264.7 cells and in granulosa cells. Our research discovered the close association between AS and PCOS, and identified DAPK1 as a crucial diagnostic biomarker for AS in PCOS.

Nitrate-driven anaerobic oxidation of ethane and butane by bacteria.

The short-chain gaseous alkanes (ethane, propane, and butane; SCGAs) are important components of natural gas, yet their fate in environmental systems is poorly understood. Microbially mediated anaerobic oxidation of SCGAs coupled to nitrate reduction has been demonstrated for propane, but is yet to be shown for ethane or butane-despite being energetically feasible. Here we report two independent bacterial enrichments performing anaerobic ethane and butane oxidation, respectively, coupled to nitrate reduction to dinitrogen gas and ammonium. Isotopic 13C- and 15N-labelling experiments, mass and electron balance tests, and metabolite and meta-omics analyses collectively reveal that the recently described propane-oxidizing "Candidatus Alkanivorans nitratireducens" was also responsible for nitrate-dependent anaerobic oxidation of the SCGAs in both these enrichments. The complete genome of this species encodes alkylsuccinate synthase genes for the activation of ethane/butane via fumarate addition. Further substrate range tests confirm that "Ca. A. nitratireducens" is metabolically versatile, being able to degrade ethane, propane, and butane under anoxic conditions. Moreover, our study proves nitrate as an additional electron sink for ethane and butane in anaerobic environments, and for the first time demonstrates the use of the fumarate addition pathway in anaerobic ethane oxidation. These findings contribute to our understanding of microbial metabolism of SCGAs in anaerobic environments.

DDX39B protects against sorafenib-induced ferroptosis by facilitating the splicing and cytoplasmic export of GPX4 pre-mRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main histological subtype of primary liver cancer and remains one of the most common solid malignancies globally. Ferroptosis was recently defined as an iron-catalyzed form of regulated necrosis. Because cancer cells exhibit higher iron requirements than noncancer cells, treatment with ferroptosis-inducing compounds may be a feasible strategy for cancer therapy. However, cancer cells develop acquired resistance to evade ferroptosis, and the mechanisms responsible for ferroptosis resistance are not fully clarified. In the current study, we reported that DDX39B was downregulated during sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Exogenous introduction of DDX39B ensured the survival of HCC cells upon exposure to sorafenib, while the opposite phenomenon was observed in DDX39B-silenced HCC cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that DDX39B increased GPX4 levels by promoting the splicing and cytoplasmic translocation of GPX4 pre-mRNA, which was sufficient to detoxify sorafenib-triggered excess lipid ROS production, lipid peroxidation accumulation, ferrous iron levels, and mitochondrial damage. Inhibition of DDX39B ATPase activity by CCT018159 repressed the splicing and cytoplasmic export of GPX4 pre-mRNA and synergistically assisted sorafenib-induced ferroptotic cell death in HCC cells. Taken together, our data uncover a novel role for DDX39B in ferroptosis resistance by modulating the maturation of GPX4 mRNA via a posttranscriptional approach and suggest that DDX39B inhibition may be a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance the sensitivity and vulnerability of HCC cells to sorafenib.

Comparative bioactivity evaluation and metabolic profiling of different parts of Duhaldea nervosa based on GC-MS and LC-MS.

Duhaldea nervosa (Wallich ex Candolle) Anderberg has been widely used as medicine and food additive in China for a long history. Its roots, known as Xiaoheiyao, are the mainly used medicinal part, while the other tissues of D. nervosa are ignored as non-medicinal parts despite their high biomass, resulting in a huge waste of resources. To mine and expand the medicinal values of different parts of D. nervosa, metabolic analysis by GC/LC-MS and bioactivity evaluation were performed. Based on the antioxidant activity and correlation analysis, a metabolite-related network was constructed. A total of 45 volatile and 174 non-volatile compounds were identified. Among them, caffeoylquinic acids and derivatives were more abundant in roots and flowers, while coumaroyltartaric acids and derivatives were mainly present in stems and leaves. By multivariate analysis, 13 volatile and 37 non-volatile differential metabolites were found, respectively. In the bioactivity evaluation of different parts, the order of antioxidant capacity was flowers > roots > leaves or stems. The flowers showed the highest FRAP value (354.47 µM TE/g DW) and the lowest IC50 values in the DPPH (0.06 mg/mL) and ABTS (0.19 mg/mL) assay, while higher inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase was exhibited by flowers and leaves. This study first established the similarities and differences of phytochemicals and bioactivities in D. nervosa, providing a scientific basis for developing non-medicinal parts and guiding the clinical application of this medicinal and edible herb.

Tibetan medicine Bang Jian: a comprehensive review on botanical characterization, traditional use, phytochemistry, and pharmacology.

Tibetan medicine Bang Jian refers to a range of botanical drugs within the Gentiana genus. It serves as a prominent traditional Tibetan botanical drug primarily found in the ethnic minority regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. Traditionally, the dried flowers of Bang Jian, known as "Longdanhua" have been employed in Tibetan medicine to address detoxification, pharyngeal relief, acute and chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, lung infections, pulmonary fibrosis, and throat disorders. Surprisingly, there has been no comprehensive review published to date on Tibetan medicine Bang Jian. This passage systematically presents and critically assesses recent advancements in botanical characterization, traditional applications, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical uses of Bang Jian, aiming to provide a scientific foundation for its reasonable use and further exploration. To date, researchers have isolated and identified 92 structurally diverse compounds, with a predominant presence of iridoids, flavonoids, xanthones, and triterpenoids. The crude extracts and metabolites derived from Bang Jian have been found to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological effects, encompassing anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, hepatoprotective properties, and protect the respiratory system. Nevertheless, detailed data on the biological effects, metabolic activities, and mechanistic research concerning active monomer metabolites remain insufficient. Consequently, there is a pressing need for comprehensive and in-depth research to guide rational clinical drug usage and evaluate the medicinal attributes of Bang Jian.

Spectrum-Effect Relationship in Chinese Herbal Medicine: Current Status and Future Perspectives.

The quality of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) directly impacts clinical efficacy and safety. Fingerprint technology is an internationally recognized method for evaluating the quality of CHM. However, the existing quality evaluation models based on fingerprint technology have blocked the ability to assess the internal quality of CHM and cannot comprehensively reflect the correlation between pharmacodynamic information and active constituents. Through mathematical methods, a connection between the "Spectrum" (fingerprint) and the "Effect" (pharmacodynamic data) was established to conduct a spectrum-effect relationship (SER) of CHM to unravel the active component information associated with the pharmacodynamic activity. Consequently, SER can efficiently address the limitations of the segmentation of chemical components and pharmacodynamic effect in CHM and further improve the quality evaluation of CHM. This review focuses on the recent research progress of SER in the field of CHM, including the establishment of fingerprint, the selection of data analysis methods, and their recent applications in the field of CHM. Various advanced fingerprint techniques are introduced, followed by the data analysis methods used in recent years are summarized. Finally, the applications of SER based on different research subjects are described in detail. In addition, the advantages of combining SER with other data are discussed through practical applications, and the research on SER is summarized and prospected. This review proves the validity and development potential of the SER and provides a reference for the development and application of quality evaluation methods for CHM.

Identification of the length and location of the A1 pulley combining palpation technique with palm landmarks: a cadaveric study.

Through anatomical morphology, to accumulate the relevant parameters of the A1 pulley of each adult finger. A total of 100 fingers were selected, dissected layer by layer, and the A1 pulley and neurovascular of each finger were observed. Measure the length of the A1 pulley, the distance between the needle knife insertion point and the proximal edge of A1 pulley, and the nerves and blood vessels on both sides. (1) The length of A1 pulleys of each finger is 6.18 ± 0.33 mm, 6.58 ± 0.73 mm, 5.98 ± 0.67 mm, 5.36 ± 1.08 mm, 5.63 ± 1.09 mm. (2) The distances between the needle knife entry point of each finger and the volar proper nerve of the ulnar finger are 7.00 ± 1.55 mm, 8.29 ± 1.46 mm, 5.10 ± 0.25 mm, 5.30 ± 0.24 mm, 0 mm; the distances from the volar proper nerve of the radial finger are 9.08 ± 0.87 mm, 4.70 ± 1.10 mm, 7.03 ± 0.72 mm, 6.81 ± 0.22 mm, 7.81 ± 0.57 mm. (3) The distances between the needle knife entry point of each finger and the proper volar artery of the ulnar finger are 10.40 ± 0.75 mm, 8.89 ± 0.53 mm, 6.35 ± 0.44 mm, 7.26 ± 0.16 mm, 0 mm, respectively; The distances from the volar proper artery of the radial finger are 8.75 ± 1.07 mm, 6.10 ± 0.35 mm, 11.44 ± 0.41 mm, 8.19 ± 0.60 mm, 9.78 ± 0.68 mm, respectively. The landmarks of the needle entry points are located at the position corresponding to the highest point of the metacarpal heads, except the tail finger. From the needle knife entry point to distal, cut the proximal edge of the A1 pulley longitudinally along the midline until the patient can flex autonomously, and pay attention to the distance between the two sides of 3.60-11.85 mm neurovascular bundle.

Clinical study on treatment of facial seborrheic dermatitis with intense pulsed light combined with 30% supramolecular salicylic acid

OBJECTIVES: In this study, we investigated the effects of intense pulsed light (IPL) combined with 30% supramolecular salicylic acid on facial seborrheic dermatitis. METHODS: A total of 45 patients with mild or moderate facial seborrheic dermatitis were selected from our hospital between September 2018 and September 2019. The patients were divided into three groups consisting of 15 patients each. The first group was exposed to a combination of IPL and 30% supramolecular salicylic acid treatment, the second group was exposed to the IPL treatment alone, and the third group was exposed to the 30% supramolecular salicylic acid treatment alone. They were treated once every 4 weeks in three consecutive rounds. RESULTS: Facial lesions and symptoms were observed 4 and 12 weeks after the first treatment, and adverse reactions were recorded. The combination group showed significant improvement in symptoms 4 weeks after the first treatment, while the individual treatment groups showed no significant improvement. After three rounds of treatments, seborrheic dermatitis had significantly decreased in the three groups; the efficacy of the combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of the IPL group and the 30% supramolecular salicylic acid group. CONCLUSION: IPL combined with 30% supramolecular salicylic acid was effective in the treatment of facial seborrheic dermatitis and provided a quicker result with no adverse reactions.

Effects of aquaporin 4 and inward rectifier potassium channel 4 1 on medullospinal edema after methylprednisolone treatment to suppress acute spinal cord injury in rat

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effects of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and inward rectifier potassium channel 4.1 (Kir4.1) on medullospinal edema after treatment with methylprednisolone (MP) to suppress acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) in rats. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, sham, ASCI, and MP-treated ASCI groups. After the induction of ASCI, we injected 30 mg/kg MP via the tail vein at various time points. The Tarlov scoring method was applied to evaluate neurological symptoms, and the wet-dry weights method was applied to measure the water content of the spinal cord. Results: The motor function score of the ASCI group was significantly lower than that of the sham group, and the spinal water content was significantly increased. In addition, the levels of AQP4 and Kir4.1 were significantly increased, as was their degree of coexpression. Compared with that in the ASCI group, the motor function score and the water content were significantly increased in the MP group; in addition, the expression and coexpression of AQP4 and Kir4.1 were significantly reduced. Conclusion: Methylprednisolone inhibited medullospinal edema in rats with acute spinal cord injury, possibly by reducing the coexpression of aquaporin 4 and Kir4.1 in medullospinal tissues.