Ribosome production factor 2 homolog promotes migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition via AKT/Gsk-3ß signaling pathway.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract, and its prognosis is closely related to the degree of tumor invasion and metastasis. Ribosome production factor 2 homolog (RPF2) plays an important role in the process of ribosome biogenesis; however, its biological function in the progression of malignant tumors including CRC remains unknown. It was found that RPF2 expression was significantly higher in CRC tissues than in the adjacent normal tissue, using mRNA chip technology. This study aimed to explore the role of RPF2 in the invasion and migration of CRC cells and investigate its probable molecular mechanism. The results demonstrated that RPF2 is not only highly expressed in CRC tissues and cell lines but can also activate the AKT/GSK-3ß signaling pathway through direct interaction with CARM1, promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and consequently enhancing the migration and invasion abilities of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we speculated that RPF2 may become a novel therapeutic target for suppression of local invasion and distant metastasis of CRC.

MicroRNA-425-5p regulates chemoresistance in colorectal cancer cells via regulation of Programmed Cell Death 10.

Acquired chemoresistance represents a major obstacle in cancer treatment, the underlying mechanism of which is complex and not well understood. MiR-425-5p has been reported to be implicated tumorigenesis in a few cancer types. However, its role in regulating chemoresistance has not been investigated in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Microarray analysis was performed in isogenic chemosensitive and chemoresistant HCT116 cell lines to identify differentially expressed miRNAs. miRNA quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect miR-425-5p expression levels between drug resistant and parental cancer cells. MiR-425-5p mimic and inhibitor were transfected, followed by CellTiter-Glo(®) assay to examine drug sensitivity in these two cell lines. Western Blot and luciferase assay were performed to investigate the direct target of miR-425-5p. Xenograft mouse models were used to examine in vivo function of miR-425-5p. Our data showed that expression of miR-425-5p was significantly up-regulated in HCT116-R compared with parental HCT116 cells. Inhibition of miR-425-5p reversed chemoresistance in HCT116-R cells. Programmed cell death 10 (PDCD10) is the direct target of miR-425-5p which is required for the regulatory role of miR-425-5p in chemoresistance. MiR-425-5p inhibitor sensitized HCT116-R xenografts to chemo drugs in vivo. Our study demonstrated that miR-425-5p regulates chemoresistance of CRC cells by modulating PDCD10 expression level both in vitro and in vivo. MiR-425-5p may represent a new therapeutic target for the intervention of CRC.

Identification of ß-glucosidase 1 as a biomarker and its high expression in hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with resistance to chemotherapy drugs.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Long-term prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients is challenging, and novel biomarkers are needed to predict patient risk and serve as potential therapeutic target. RESULTS: We found ß-glucosidase 1 is significantly overexpressed and activated in primary HCC tissue and multiple HCC cell lines. ß-Glucosidase 1 expression is associated with predicting prognosis of HCC patients under chemotherapy. Silencing ß-glucosidase 1 inhibits growth and survival of HCC cells, with preferential inhibitory effects on high ß-glucosidase 1-expressing cells. Combination of chemo drug with ß-glucosidase 1 inhibitor sensitized HCC cells to chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: Our data support ß-glucosidase 1 as a HCC biomarker due to its prognosis significance.

Effect of augmented reality navigation technology on perioperative safety in partial nephrectomies: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of augmented reality surgical navigation (ARSN) technology on short-term outcomes of partial nephrectomy (PN). Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science for eligible studies published through March 28, 2022. Two researchers independently performed the article screening, data extraction and quality review. Data analysis was performed using Cochrane Review Manager software. Results: A total of 583 patients from eight studies were included in the analysis, with 313 in the ARSN-assisted PN group (AR group) and 270 in the conventional PN group (NAR group). ARSN-assisted PN showed better outcomes than conventional surgery in terms of operative time, estimated blood loss, global ischemia rate, warm ischemia time, and enucleation rate. However, there were no significant differences in the rate of Conversion to radical nephrectomy (RN), postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), positive margin rate, and postoperative complication rate. Conclusion: The utilization of ARSN can improve the perioperative safety of PN. Compared with conventional PN, ARSN-assisted PN can reduce intraoperative blood loss, shorten operative time, and improve renal ischemia. Although direct evidence is lacking, our results still suggest a potential advantage of ARSN in improving renal recovery after PN. However, as the ARSN system is still in an exploratory stage, its relevance in PN have been poorly reported. Additional high-quality randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies will be required to confirm the effect of ARSN on PN. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=301798, identifier PROSPERO ID: CRD42022301798.

Elevated serum DAND5 is associated with metastasis and predicts poor prognosis in colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: The biologic and clinical significance of DAND5 remains unknown in colorectal cancer (CRC). OBJECTIVE: Herein, we investigated the function of DAND5 and evaluated its clinical significance in both serum and matched primary tumors in patients with CRC. METHODS: The role of DAND5 was explored in CRC cells and clinical significance of DAND5 was investigated in CRC patients (n = 217) and healthy controls (n = 63). RESULTS: Knockdown of DAND5 significantly decreased CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion partly associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype. Serum DAND5 levels in CRC were significantly higher than in normal controls and accurately distinguished CRC from healthy subjects. High serum DAND5 levels were significantly correlated with tumor differentiation, large tumor size, advanced Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage, lymph node and liver metastasis, high carcinoembryonic antigen level, recurrence, poor overall and disease-free survival. Serum DAND5 level, together with lymph node metastasis, were independent prognostic factors for CRC patients. High DAND5 protein expression in CRC tissues was increased according to TNM stage. A significant positive correlation existed between serum DAND5 levels and matched DAND5 expression in CRC tissues. CONCLUSION: Our data provide novel evidence for the clinical significance of DAND5 as a potential biomarker for CRC prognosis.

Endoscopic surgical treatment of bromhidrosis: a report of 18 consecutive patients from 2010 to 2013.

BACKGROUND: The current treatments available for bromhidrosis, such as subdermal excision of the apocrine glands, liposuction-curettage, and laser therapy, have certain drawbacks, for example, requirement of repeated treatments, high recurrence rate, and induration, pain, and scarring in the armpits. In this study we aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy and complications of endoscopic surgery for treatment of bromhidrosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From August 2010 to June 2013, 18 patients (15 women and 3 men; mean age, 31 years old; age range, 19-40 years) with axillary bromhidrosis underwent endoscopic resection of the apocrine glands. The clinical efficiency and patient satisfaction were investigated by the Dermatology Quality Life Index scoring system, and complications of the surgery were assessed. RESULTS: The mean operative time was 128 minutes (range, 92-164 minutes). Subcutaneous fluid drainage occurred in 5 of the 18 patients. Skin necrosis, upper limb edema, and bleeding did not occur in any patient. In 2 patients, subcutaneous fluid accumulation recurred after discharge. Numbness of the inside of the upper arm occurred in 3 patients. After approximately 0.5-2 years of follow-up, all patients had considerably reduced axillary sweating. The Dermatology Quality Life Index assessment indicated that the influence of bromhidrosis on the patients' life quality was greatly reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Our endoscopic surgical technique for the treatment of axillary bromhidrosis causes minimal tissue damage, allows full exposure, and is associated with few complications and a low recurrence rate.