RESUMEN
In the last 2 years 223 cases of bovine mastitis caused by Prototheca zopfii infection were identified in 32 large-scale dairy herds. All of these farms were in Hungary, which has a continental type, temperate zone climate. Both the sporadic and epidemic forms of P. zopfii mastitis were observed. All the herds affected by the epidemic form had poor hygienic conditions and suffered from several managerial faults, but no specific predisposing factors could be identified. In almost all of the cases, the type II variant of this pathogen was isolated; however, the type III variant was isolated from three cows. The cows had a higher chance of new infection in the early weeks of lactation and in the summer. The P. zopfii infection usually resulted in a chronic subclinical, or mild clinical, inflammatory process in the udder, and was followed by a dramatic loss in milk production and a permanent increase in somatic cell count. The histopathological findings could be characterized as a progressive interstitial mastitis associated with alveolar atrophy. The self-recovery rate was very low.
Asunto(s)
Clima , Mastitis Bovina/epidemiología , Prototheca/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Bovinos , Recuento de Células/veterinaria , Brotes de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Femenino , Hungría/epidemiología , Infecciones/epidemiología , Infecciones/microbiología , Infecciones/veterinaria , Glándulas Mamarias Animales/microbiología , Glándulas Mamarias Animales/patología , Mastitis Bovina/microbiología , Leche/citología , Leche/microbiología , Prototheca/patogenicidad , Estaciones del AñoRESUMEN
Systemic (intramuscular, i.m.) vs. local (intracisternal, IC) routes of spiramycin-based drying-off therapy were compared for efficacy on 65 Staphylococcus aureus infected udder quarters of 38 dairy cows. Single-dose (30,000 IU/kg) i.m. treatment (single i.m. group) resulted in a similarly low bacteriological recovery rate (14%) as seen in the untreated controls (18%). I.m. treatment (30,000 IU/kg) on 4 consecutive days (4 i.m. group) resulted in significantly higher quarter-based recovery rates than that in the single i.m. group. The bacteriological recovery rates obtained in the intracisternal and 4 i.m. groups were quite similar but remained below 50%. Based on these findings as well as on the high cost of the repeated intramuscular treatment regime there is no reason to give extra preference to the systemic application of spiramycin at drying off in the practice.