Comparison of community and hospital pharmacists' attitudes and behaviors on medication error disclosure to the patient: A pilot study.

OBJECTIVES: To determine pharmacists' attitudes and behaviors on medication errors and their disclosure and to compare community and hospital pharmacists on such views. METHODS: An online questionnaire was developed from previous studies on physicians' disclosure of errors. Questionnaire items included demographics, environment, personal experiences, and attitudes on medication errors and the disclosure process. An invitation to participate along with the link to the questionnaire was electronically distributed to members of two Illinois pharmacy associations. A follow-up reminder was sent 4 weeks after the original message. Data were collected for 3 months, and statistical analyses were performed with the use of IBM SPSS version 22.0. RESULTS: The overall response rate was 23.3% (n = 422). The average employed respondent was a 51-year-old white woman with a BS Pharmacy degree working in a hospital pharmacy as a clinical staff member. Regardless of practice settings, pharmacist respondents agreed that medication errors were inevitable and that a disclosure process is necessary. Respondents from community and hospital settings were further analyzed to assess any differences. Community pharmacist respondents were more likely to agree that medication errors were inevitable and that pharmacists should address the patient's emotions when disclosing an error. Community pharmacist respondents were also more likely to agree that the health care professional most closely involved with the error should disclose the error to the patient and thought that it was the pharmacists' responsibility to disclose the error. Hospital pharmacist respondents were more likely to agree that it was important to include all details in a disclosure process and more likely to disagree on putting a "positive spin" on the event. CONCLUSION: Regardless of practice setting, responding pharmacists generally agreed that errors should be disclosed to patients. There were, however, significant differences in their attitudes and behaviors depending on their particular practice setting.

Monoclonal antibodies for treating COVID-19.

Bamlanivimab and casirivimab-imdevimab are novel virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies authorized to treat mild to moderate COVID-19 in outpatients at risk for progression to severe disease. Treatment early in the disease may show efficacy in reducing progression to severe disease, although safety and efficacy data are limited. They are not authorized for hospitalized patients with more advanced disease.

Awareness of Healthy Life and Mental Health of Nursing College Students Before and After the COVID-19 Outbreak with the Involvement in Sports Activities / Conciencia sobre la vida saludable y la salud mental de los estudiantes universitarios de enfermería antes y después del brote de COVID-19 con la participación en actividades deportivas

This study analysed the awareness of healthy life and mental health among college nursing students, both before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. Additionally, their participation in sports was examined. This study aimed to compare two types of results based on the analysis conducted. A total of 982 individuals took part in a survey examining the awareness of healthy living, mental health, and interest in sports activities among nursing college students in Korea. This included 492 students surveyed before the COVID-19 outbreak and 490 individuals surveyed after the outbreak. The study's findings were as follows: First, there were notable disparities in awareness of a healthy lifestyle pre- and post-the COVID-19 pandemic. This includes the importance placed on leading a healthy life, the level of interest in maintaining one's health, the perceived usefulness of health-related information, an overall understanding of what constitutes a healthy lifestyle, and engagement in sports activities. Furthermore, notable variations were observed in the sub-factors of mental health, namely emotional health, social health, psychological health, and overall mental health. Second, the level of awareness regarding a healthy lifestyle varied significantly across different grade levels prior to the COVID-19 outbreak. Notably, the upper grades (3rd and 4th graders) exhibited a significantly higher level of awareness compared to the 1st and 2nd graders. The level of mental health varied significantly across different grade levels, with higher grades showing a higher degree of mental well-being. This correlation can be attributed to increased participation in sports. Third, there were no notable variations in the awareness of healthy living and mental health following the COVID-19 outbreak across different grade levels. The research findings will provide valuable data to support the development of nursing college students into professional nurses. This data will enhance their understanding of healthy living and mental well-being, as well as encourage their participation in sports.(AU)

Comparing Sports IoT Healthcare Devices and e-Health Literacy and Awareness among College Students: Pre-and Post-COVID-19 Perspectives / Comparación de dispositivos sanitarios de IoT para deportes y alfabetización y concienciación sobre salud electrónica entre estudiantes universitarios: perspectivas anteriores y posteriores a COVID-19

This study investigated the difference between sports major college students' perception of using IoT healthcare devices and e-health literacy before and after COVID-19. A quantitative research questionnaire was distributed randomly among 600 sports college students majoring in sports in metropolitan and non-metropolitan universities in Korea. The study's findings show a significant difference in perception of using IoT healthcare devices and e-health literacy before and after COVID-19. Secondly, before COVID-19, the perception of the use of IoT healthcare devices showed significant differences by grade. On the other hand, functional e-health literacy, communication e-health literacy, and critical e-health literacy showed significant differences by grade. Third, there was no significant difference in perception of the use of IoT healthcare devices by grade after COVID-19. Conversely, functional e-health literacy, communication e-health literacy, and critical e-health literacy showed significant differences by grade. Fourth, before COVID-19, there were statistically significant differences in perceptions of using IoT healthcare devices in local cars. However, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of e-health literacy. Fifth, there was no statistically significant difference in regional differences between the metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas after COVID-19. This study showed the differences between COVID-19 and after COVID-19 by comparing the high level of awareness of using IoT healthcare devices and e-health literacy of sports college students, which will foster talented people who can demonstrate professionalism in the sports field.(AU)

Primary hepatic marginal zone B cell lymphoma : a case report and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL) is a very rare malignancy, and constitutes about 0.016 % of all cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and is often misdiagnosed. The optimal therapy is still unclear and the outcomes are uncertain. Among PHLs, a primary hepatic low-grade marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) is extremely rare. METHODS: We present a case of primary hepatic lymphoma (MALT lymphoma) treated with surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. A 38-year-old Korean man, who was diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B 20 years ago, was admitted for liver biopsy after liver lesions were detected on follow-up computed tomography scan (CT). Liver biopsy revealed the diagnosis of marginal zone B-cell malignant lymphoma (MALT lymphoma). The preoperative clinical staging was IE, given that no additional foci of lymphoma were found anywhere else in the body. The patient underwent left hemihepatectomy. Subsequently, the patient received two cycles of CHOP (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisone) regimen. RESULTS: After 15 months of follow-up, the patient is alive and well without any evidence of disease recurrence. CONCLUSION: Although the prognosis is variable, good response to early surgery combined with postoperative chemotherapy can be achieved in strictly selected patients.