RESUMEN
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a well-differentiated endocrine malignant tumor that develops from thyroid follicular epithelium. The tumor represents the most common type of endocrine malignancy; however, its tumorigenesis is not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to address the functional role of the sorting nexin (SNX) family in PTC because of recent experimental evidence suggesting that the SNX family members actively control endocytotic transportation as well as cell fate. Expression profiles of SNX family members of PTC showed a significant quantity of transcripts of SNX5. Further immunohistochemical analysis with an SNX5-specific monoclonal antibody established in this study consistently demonstrated the preferential expression of SNX5 in PTC (94.2%, 113/120 cases) as indicated by studies on 440 cases of various tumors. In contrast, other major carcinomas originating from the lung (2.6%, 1/38 cases), breast (5.1%, 2/39 cases), and intestine (4.2%, 1/24 cases) scarcely expressed SNX5. When we investigated models of murine thyroid tumors induced by the administration of carcinogens, high expression of Snx5 was also observed in well-differentiated thyroid tumors, further implying that the tumorigenesis of the thyroid gland was tightly associated with the abundance of SNX5/Snx5. Moreover epithelial cells expressing excess SNX5 showed high levels of Caspase-2 of an initiator caspase. Collectively these findings suggest that the evaluation of SNX5 expression would support pathological diagnosis of primary and secondary PTC.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Carcinoma Papilar/metabolismo , Caspasa 2/metabolismo , Nexinas de Clasificación/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/metabolismo , Animales , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Western Blotting , Carcinógenos/toxicidad , Carcinoma Papilar/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Papilar/genética , Caspasa 2/genética , Femenino , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Neoplasias Experimentales/inducido químicamente , Neoplasias Experimentales/genética , Neoplasias Experimentales/metabolismo , Nitrosaminas/toxicidad , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Nexinas de Clasificación/genética , Glándula Tiroides/efectos de los fármacos , Glándula Tiroides/metabolismo , Glándula Tiroides/patología , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/genética , Células Tumorales CultivadasRESUMEN
We report here a case of intrascrotal malignant mesothelioma, arising from the tunica vaginalis, which was diagnosed after surgery for hydrocele testis. A 52-year-old man underwent left hydrocelectomy for hydrocele testis. After pathological diagnosis as malignant mesothelioma from the specimen of tunica vaginalis, left radical orchiectomy was performed. The patient had no exposure to asbestos and there has been no evidence of recurrence.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de los Genitales Masculinos/diagnóstico , Mesotelioma/diagnóstico , Escroto , Hidrocele Testicular/cirugía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Our previous study showed that the growth rate of incidentally found renal cell carcinoma (RCC) varied, and that the initial clinical and pathological features did not predict subsequent growth of the carcinoma. The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and the growth rates of these RCC. METHODS: We examined cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in 16 incidentally found cases of RCC. Cell proliferation was assessed by immunohistochemical staining with a Ki-67 antibody. Apoptosis was assessed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) mediated deoxy-UTP biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique. The Ki-67 labeling index (KI) and the apoptotic index (AI) were determined as the ratio of immunohistochemically positive cells per 1000 cancer cells. The KI/AI ratio was also determined. Angiogenesis was evaluated by CD34 immunostaining. Finally, we investigated the correlation between these parameters and the growth rate of primary lesions of incidentally found RCC. RESULTS: The KI ranged from 7 to 73 (median, 20), AI ranged from 6 to 171 (median, 26), and microvessel density (MVD) ranged from 21 to 673 (median, 265) for incidentally found RCC. Ki-67 labeling index, AI and MVD were not closely correlated to each other. Furthermore, these parameters were not associated with growth rates of incidentally found RCC. Only the KI/AI ratio was strongly correlated to the growth rate of incidentally found RCC (r = 0.709; P = 0.0083). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis partly determines the growth rate of primary lesions of incidentally found RCC.