The application value of contrast-enhanced computed tomography in cervical lymph node metastasis of oral carcinomas: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Oral carcinomas is a concerning condition around the world. Globally, it is the 11th most common form of cancer. Over 90% of oral carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas. Smoking, tobacco intake, smokeless tobacco (snuff or chewing tobacco), excessive sunlight exposure, alcohol, betel nut consumption, human papillomavirus, and reverse end smoking are the most common causes of oral carcinomas. Oral carcinomas are prone to neck lymph mode metastasis, which has an impact on the prognosis of patients and the five-year survival rate. Thus, precise lymph node metastasis and staging of oral carcinomas are critical. With the development of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, an increasing number of studies have found that Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) has high diagnostic value for tumors. METHODS AND ANALYSES: The reviewers will conduct a thorough search for related literature in 6 online databases, including The Cochrane Library, PubMed, WanFang database, Web of Science, Chinese biomedical literature database, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The authors will obtain full text of studies deemed to be eligible to extract and synthesize data. The present systematic review will be reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Project (PRISMA-P) of the 2015 System Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol. RESULTS: The present systematic analysis will pool the results of individual studies to assess the value of CECT in cervical lymph node metastasis of oral carcinomas. CONCLUSION: The results in the proposed research will determine whether CECT is an efficient diagnostic method for cervical lymph node metastasis of oral carcinomas. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study will utilize secondary data from pre-published studies. Therefore, an ethical clearance is not required. The research outcomes shall be disseminated in conference reports and peer-reviewed publications. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER: Oct 13, 2021.osf.io/k5nr9. (https://osf.io/k5nr9/).

[Therapeutic effects and mechanism of saikosaponin-d in mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the therapeutic effects and mechanism of saikosaponin-d (SSd) in mice with bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS: According to the random number table, 180 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups. Four groups were pulmonary fibrosis models. Fibrosis model mice were established by intratracheal injection of bleomycin (5 mgxkg(-1)). They were BLM, DXM, SSd and SSd + DXM groups (n = 40 each). At 1 hour post-modeling, DXM, SSd and SSd + DXM groups were injected ip with dexamethasone (DXM, 5 mgxkg(-1)xd(-1), 0.1 ml), SSd (1.8 mgxkg(-1)xd(-1), 0.18 ml), DXM + SSd (0.28 ml) respectively qd until Day 28. BLM group was similarly dosed with normal saline. In addition, a normal control group (NC group, n = 20) treated likewise. The mice were anesthetized and sacrificed at Days 3, 7, 14, 28 for harvests of serum and lung tissue samples. The conventional histopathological changes of lung tissue were observed. Except for NC group, modeling groups of mice were used to observe the natural survival rate. Such indices as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were examined both in lung tissue and serum samples. And hydroxyproline (HYP) was tested only in lung tissue. RESULTS: SSd could markedly increase the survival rate (80.0% in SSd and SSd + DXM groups vs 50.0% in BLM group, P < 0.05) and reduce alveolitis and fibrosis in mice. In comparison with BLM group, the levels of HYP of three treatment groups (DXM, SSd and SSd + DXM) in lung tissue was significantly lower (P < 0.05) at Days 14 and 28. The levels of MDA both in serum and lung tissue were significantly lower at Days 3, 7 and 14 (P < 0.05). The serum level of SOD was significantly higher at Days 3, 7 and 14 while the level of SOD in lung tissue was significantly higher at Days 3 and 7 (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: SSd has marked therapeutic effects upon bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. And the mechanism may be associated with its anti-lipid peroxidation effect.

Unreliable usage of a single influenza virus IgM antibody assay in influenza-like illness: A retrospective study of the 2016-2018 flu epidemic.

We retrospectively analyzed serum IgM antibodies (Abs) to influenza viruses from two tertiary hospitals in Beijing from December 2016 to February 2018. Samples from 36,792 patients, aged 0-98 years, were collected and tested. Among the patients, 923 children from two winter flu seasons were assayed with both antigens and IgM Abs to Flu A and Flu B and assigned as paired groups. Another 2,340 adults and 1,978 children with only antigen tested in the 2016 and 2017 winter flu seasons were named as unpaired groups. IgM Abs-positivity rates in children were 0.80% and 36.57% for Flu A and Flu B, respectively, peaking at 4-5 years of age. For adults, the Flu A and Flu B IgM Abs-positivity rates were 10.34% and 21.49%, respectively, peaking at 18-35 years of age. The trend of temporal distribution between the children and the adults was significantly correlated for IgM Abs to Flu B, but not for Flu A. Compared with unpaired groups, the detection rate of Flu A antigen was significantly higher than IgM Abs in children, whereas frequencies of IgM Abs were higher than antigen in adults. Incidence of Flu B antigen was sharply increased in 2017 winter than in the 2016 winter in both children and adults, but no concomitant increase was observed in IgM Abs to Flu B. For paired children groups, incidence of Flu B antigen in the 2017 flu season was significantly higher than that in the 2016 flu season; in contrast, positive rates of IgM Abs in the 2017 flu season were even lower than those in 2016. Considering antigen detection may reflect the Flu A/Flu B epidemic, our results indicate single-assayed IgM Abs were less effective in the diagnosis of acute influenza virus infection, and the use of this assay for epidemiology evaluations was not supported by these findings.

The effects of butylphthalide soft capsule on the expression of uric acid and the pathological changes of white matter in patients with moderate and severe leukoaraiosis / 中国药师

Objective To investigate the effects of butylphthalide soft capsule on the expression of uric acid and the pathological changes of white matter in patients with moderate and severe leukoaraiosis.Methods A total of 60 patients with moderate to severe leukoosteoporosis admitted to the department of neurology of People's Hospital of Hai'an City,Jiangsu province from May 2021 to November 2022 were selected and divided into a study group and a control group by random number table method.The control group was treated with conventional basic treatment,and the study group was treated with butylphthalein softgel based on the control group.The score of mini-mental state examination(MMSE)scale,montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)scale,hachinski ischemia score(HIS)scale,total decline scale(GDS),the levels of plasma factors[homocysteine(Hcy),total cholesterol(TC),central nervous specific protein(S100β)and uric acid(UA)]and improvement in leukoencephalopathy[as measured by arterial flow velocity at peak systolic flow rate(Vs),end-diastolic peak flow rate(Vd),and mean peak flow rate(Vm)]before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results A total 60 patients with leukoaraiosis were included,with 30 cases in the study group and 30 cases in the control group,respectively.Before treatment,there were no significant differences in scores of MMSE,MoCA,HIS and GDS,levels of Hcy,TC,S100β and UA,Vs,Vd,and Vm between the two groups(P＞0.05).After treatment,the scores of MMSE and MoCA scores,Vs,Vd,and Vm on both sides were significantly higher than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and those in the study group was significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05);the scores of HIS and GDS,and the levels of Hcy,TC,S100β and UA were significantly lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and those in the study group was significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusions Butylphthalide soft capsule in the treatment of moderate and severe leukoaraiosis can effectively reduce the cognitive impairment,restore the cognitive function,reduce the levels of plasma factors,improve the cerebral blood flow,and improve the condition of leukoaraiosis.

Efficacy of systematic versus lobe-specific lymph node dissection in the treatment of clinicalⅠA stage lung adenocarcinoma: A propensity score matching study in a single center / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To analyze the effects of systematic lymph node dissection (SLND) and lobe-specific lymph node dissection (L-SND) on perioperative and long-term outcomes of patients with clinicalⅠA (cⅠA) stage lung adenocarcinoma. Methods     A retrospective analysis was done on the patients with cⅠA stage lung adenocarcinoma who received thoracoscopic radical resection admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2013 to August 2016. Propensity score matching was conducted to eliminate the biases. The recurrence-free survival was compared between the two groups after matching. Perioperative parameters and postoperative complications were also analyzed. Results     A total of 725 patients were enrolled, including 252 males and 473 females, with a median age of 62.0 (31.0-69.0) years. There were 228 patients in the L-SND group and 497 patients in the SLND group. After matching, there were 211 patients in each group and no statistical difference in the incidence of postoperative complications (10.9% vs. 13.7%, P=0.374), identification of metastatic positive lymph nodes (12.3% vs. 9.0%, P=0.270), or recurrence-free survival (P=0.492) were found between two groups, whereas the operation time (163.9±39.4 min vs. 135.4±32.4 min, P<0.001), intraoperative blood loss [100.0 (20.0-800.0) mL vs. 100.0 (10.0-400.0) mL, P<0.001], intubation time [4.0 (1.0-18.0) d vs. 4.0 (1.0-9.0) d, P<0.001] and hospital stay (12.3±3.3 d vs. 10.8±2.4 d, P=0.003) in the SLND group were found to be significantly higher or longer than those in the L-SND group. Conclusion     L-SND has a similar efficiency to SLND in terms of postoperative complications, pathological lymph node metastasis, and recurrence-free survival, as well as significant advantages in reducing intraoperative blood loss, and shortening operation time, intubation time and length of hospital stay. Therefore, L-SND can be recommended to replace SLND as a method for lymph node resection in patients with cⅠA stage lung adenocarcinoma.

Influence of blood pressure variability before carotid endarterectomy in postoperative cerebral perfusion changes in patients with carotid artery stenosis / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective:To investigate whether the fluctuation of blood pressure variability (BPV) before carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is related to postoperative cerebral perfusion changes in patients with carotid artery stenosis.Methods:A prospective observational cohort study was performed. Forty-seven patients with carotid artery stenosis accepted CEA in Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University from January 2019 to December 2022 were chosen. Patients' blood pressure was closely monitored 3 d before surgery (4 times/d) to obtain their BPV (the maximum △, based on the maximum absolute differences between systolic or diastolic blood pressures measured continuously during the observation period). At the same time, the changes of cerebral perfusion 3 d after surgery were monitored (criteria of cerebral hyperperfusion: newly-appeared delirium and hyperactivity after anesthesia resuscitation or intracranial hemorrhage found by imaging examination; criteria of cerebral hypoperfusion: newly-appeared speech and motor function deficits or aggravation of original cerebral ischemia symptoms after anesthesia resuscitation, or new-found cerebral infarction by imaging examination). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of BPV before CEA in postoperative cerebral perfusion changes.Results:In these 47 patients, 9 patients (19.1%) had postoperative cerebral perfusion changes: 2 had neurological deficits due to postoperative cerebral infarction, and the other 7 had short-term postoperative delirium or focal neurological deficits (returned to normal after appropriate adjustment of blood pressure). Area under the ROC curve (AUC) of BPV before CEA in predicting postoperative cerebral perfusion changes was 0.876 ( P=0.001, 95% CI: 0.775-0.977). These 47 patients were divided into high BPV group ( n=16) and low BPV group ( n=31) according to the optimal index threshold (27.00), and the statistics showed that significant difference in incidence of cerebral perfusion changes after CEA was noted between the 2 groups ( P<0.05); incidence of postoperative cerebral perfusion changes in the high BPV group was 15.5 times higher than that in the low BPV group ( RR=15.500, P<0.001, 95% CI: 2.120-113.320). Conclusion:BPV before CEA in patients with carotid artery stenosis can well predict the occurrence of postoperative cerebral perfusion changes.

[Effect of NaF on proliferation and mineralization of human periodontal ligament cells].

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of NaF on proliferation and mineralization of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). METHODS: hPDLCs were isolated and characterized. The proliferation of hPDLCs treated with different concentration of NaF was tested by CCK-8. Four moderate concentrations were chosen for subsequent experiments. The mineralization was investigated using ALP activity assay, Alizarin red S staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The data were statistically analyzed with SPSS20.0 software package. RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry showed that the isolated cells were hPDLCs. 5×10-5, 1×10-4 and 5×10-4 mol/L NaF had pro-proliferation effects while 5×10-4 mol/L resulted in the best effect (P<0.05). ALP activity and calcium content was significantly enhanced by 1×10-5 mol/L NaF with osteogenic inductive medium (P<0.05). Quantitative RT-PCR data varied in genes as a result of different NaF concentrations and treatment periods. CONCLUSIONS: 5×10-5, 1×10-4, 5×10-4 mol/L NaF can stimulate proliferation in hPDLCs, 1×10-5 mol/L NaF can enhance ALP activity and calcium content formation of hPDLCs.

Effect of polycystin2 on differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts promoted by low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields / 生物工程学报

It is known that low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) can promote the differentiation and maturation of rat calvarial osteoblasts (ROBs) cultured in vitro. However, the mechanism that how ROBs perceive the physical signals of PEMFs and initiate osteogenic differentiation remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the promotion of osteogenic differentiation of ROBs by 0.6 mT 50 Hz PEMFs and the presence of polycystin2 (PC2) located on the primary cilia on the surface of ROBs. First, immunofluorescence staining was used to study whether PC2 is located in the primary cilia of ROBs, and then the changes of PC2 protein expression in ROBs upon treatment with PEMFs for different time were detected by Western blotting. Subsequently, we detected the expression of PC2 protein by Western blotting and the effect of PEMFs on the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as the expression of Runx-2, Bmp-2, Col-1 and Osx proteins and genes related to bone formation after pretreating ROBs with amiloride HCl (AMI), a PC2 blocker. Moreover, we detected the expression of genes related to bone formation after inhibiting the expression of PC2 in ROBs using RNA interference. The results showed that PC2 was localized on the primary cilia of ROBs, and PEMFs treatment increased the expression of PC2 protein. When PC2 was blocked by AMI, PEMFs could no longer increase PC2 protein expression and ALP activity, and the promotion effect of PEMFs on osteogenic related protein and gene expression was also offset. After inhibiting the expression of PC2 using RNA interference, PEMFs can no longer increase the expression of genes related to bone formation. The results showed that PC2, located on the surface of primary cilia of osteoblasts, plays an indispensable role in perceiving and transmitting the physical signals from PEMFs, and the promotion of osteogenic differentiation of ROBs by PEMFs depends on the existence of PC2. This study may help to elucidate the mechanism underlying the promotion of bone formation and osteoporosis treatment in low-frequency PEMFs.

Effects of rosin diglucoside on bone metabolism in young rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim To research the effect of PDG on bone metabolism in young rats. Methods The experimental rats were randomly divided into contro group, PDG-25 group and PDG-50 group. PDG-25 group and PDG-50 group were given PDG at the dose of 25 mg·kg

Panax notoginseng saponins prevent colitis-associated colorectal cancer via inhibition IDO1 mediated immune regulation / 中国天然药物

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most lethal cancer and leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. A key driver of CRC development is colon inflammatory responses especially in patients with inflammatory bowl disease (IBD). It has been proved that Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-tumor effects. The chemopreventive and immunomodulatory functions of PNS on colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) have not been evaluated.This present study was designed to study the potential protective effects of PNS on AOM/DSS-induced CAC mice to explore the possible mechanism of PNS against CAC. Our study showed that PNS significantly alleviated colitis severity and prevented the occurrence of CAC. Functional assays revealed that PNS relieved immunosuppression of Treg cells in the CAC microenvironment by inhibiting the expression of IDO1 mediated directly by signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) rather than phosphorylated STAT1. Ultimately, Rh1, one of the PNS metabolites, exhibited the best inhibitory effect on IDO1 enzyme activity. Our study showed that PNS exerted significant chemopreventive function and immunomodulatory properties on CAC. It could reduce macrophages accumulation and Treg cells differentiation to reshape the immune microenvironment of CAC. These findings provided a promising approach for CAC intervention.

Low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields promote osteoblast mineralization and maturation of rats through the PC2/sAC/PKA/CREB signaling pathway / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore whether the effect of low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) in promoting osteoblast mineralization and maturation is related to the primary cilia, polycystin2 (PC2) and sAC/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.@*METHODS@#We detected the expression levels of PC2, sAC, PKA, CREB and their phosphorylated proteins in primary rat calvarial osteoblasts exposed to 50 Hz 0.6 mT PEMFs for 0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. We blocked PC2 function with amiloride hydrochloride and detected the changes in the activity of sAC/PKA/CREB signal pathway and the mineralization and maturation of the osteoblasts. These examinations were repeated in the osteoblasts after specific knockdown of PC2 via RNA interference and were the co-localization of PC2, sAC, PKA, CREB and their phosphorylated proteins with the primary cilia were using immunofluorescence staining. The expressions of PC2 and the signaling proteins of sAC/PKA/CREB pathway were detected after inhibition of primary ciliation by RNA interference.@*RESULTS@#The expression levels of PC2, sAC, p-PKA and p- CREB were significantly increased in the osteoblasts after exposure to PEMFs for different time lengths (P < 0.01). Blocking PC2 function or PC2 knockdown in the osteoblasts resulted in failure of sAC/PKA/CREB signaling pathway activation and arrest of osteoblast mineralization and maturation. PC2, sAC, p-PKA and p-CREB were localized to the entire primary cilia or its roots, but PKA and CREB were not detected in the primary cilia. After interference of the primary cilia, PEMFs exposure no longer caused increase of PC2 expression and failed to activate the sAC/PKA/CREB signaling pathway or promote osteoblast mineralization and maturation.@*CONCLUSION@#PC2, located on the surface of the primary cilia of osteoblasts, can perceive and transmit the physical signals from PEMFs and promote the mineralization and maturation of osteoblasts by activating the PC2/ sAC/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.

Effect of Huazhuo Jiedu Shugan Prescription on Learning， Memory， and PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway in Epileptic Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effects of Huazhuo Jiedu Shugan Prescription （HZJDSG） on learning， memory， and the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）/glycogen synthase kinase-3<italic>β</italic> （GSK-3<italic>β</italic>） pathway-related proteins in epileptic rats， and to explore its possible mechanism. Method:Forty-eight SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group， a model group， a sodium valproate （0.19 g·kg^-1） group， and low- （2.7 g·kg^-1）， medium- （5.4 g·kg^-1）， and high-dose （10.8 g·kg^-1） HZJDSG groups， with eight rats in each group. The normal group received 0.9% sodium chloride solution （0.035 g·kg^-1） by intraperitoneal injection， and the other five groups received pentetrazol （PTZ） at the same dose to induce a chronic epilepsy model for a total of 14 times. The drug groups received corresponding drugs and the normal group and the model group received 0.9% sodium chloride solution at the same volume once a day for 28 days. During the drug intervention period， epilepsy was maintained in each modeling group by intraperitoneal injection of PTZ on day 7， 14， 21， and 28. The behavioral changes of rats were observed by Morris water maze and the pathomorphological changes of rat hippocampal neurons by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The protein expression of phosphorylation Akt（p-Akt）and p-GSK-3<italic>β</italic> was detected by immunohistochemistry and the protein expression of PI3K， Akt， p-Akt， GSK-3<italic>β</italic>， and p-GSK-3<italic>β</italic> by Western blot. Result:Compared with the normal group， the model group showed prolonged platform finding time （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， reduced number of platform crossings （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， structural damage of neurons in the CA1 region of the hippocampus， down-regulated protein expression of p-Akt and p-GSK-3<italic>β </italic>in the CA1 region of the hippocampus （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， and reduced relative expression of PI3K， p-Akt， and p-GSK-3<italic>β</italic> in the hippocampus （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group， the sodium valproate group and the HZJDSG groups showed shortened platform finding time （<italic>P</italic><0.01） and improved neuronal structure in the CA1 region of the hippocampus， while the sodium valproate group and the high- and medium-dose HZJDSG groups exhibited increased number of platform crossings （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， up-regulated protein expression of p-Akt and p-GSK-3<italic>β</italic> in the CA1 region of the hippocampus （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， and elevated relative expression of PI3K， p-Akt， and p-GSK-3<italic>β</italic> （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:HZJDSG can improve the learning and memory of epileptic rats， and its antiepileptic effect may be achieved by the activation of PI3K/Akt/GSK-3<italic>β</italic> pathway-related proteins.

Generation and preliminary characterization of chimeric antibodies against neuraminidase of H7N9 subtype influenza A virus / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To develop the chimeric antibodies against neuraminidase (NA) of H7N9 and to identify their biological activity and function.@*Methods@#The genes of variable regions of the light chain (VL) and heavy chain (VH) obtained by mouse hybridoma technology were cloned respectively into the expression VH and VL vectors bearing human-derived Cγ1, and Cκ1 and co-transfected into 293T cells. The chimeric antibodies were purified and their functions were investigated.@*Results@#Two chimeric antibodies, 1E2 and 3E3 against neuraminidase (NA) of H7N9 were obtained. Both antibodies recognized similar antigenic epitopes. MAb 1E2 and 3E3 could prevent the infectivity with H7N9 and H11N9 virus and reduce their size of viral plaque.@*Conclusions@#The chimeric antibodies specific for N9 could prevent the infection of N9 subtype influenza virus as well as the NAI-resistant mutants and could be a potential immunotherapy approach for H7N9 treatment.

Intranasal Immunization Using CTA1-DD as a Mucosal Adjuvant for an Inactivated Influenza Vaccine / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effect of intranasal immunization with CTA1-DD as mucosal adjuvant combined with H3N2 split vaccine.@*METHODS@#Mice were immunized intranasally with PBS (negative control), or H3N2 split vaccine (3 μg/mouse) alone, or CTA1-DD (5 μg/mouse) alone, or H3N2 split vaccine (3 μg/mouse) plus CTA1-DD (5 μg/mouse). Positive control mice were immunized intramuscularly with H3N2 split vaccine (3 μg/mouse) and alum adjuvant. All the mice were immunized twice, two weeks apart. Then sera and mucosal lavages were collected. The specific HI titers, IgM, IgG, IgA, and IgG subtypes were examined by ELISA. IFN-γ and IL-4 were test by ELISpot. In addition, two weeks after the last immunization, surivival after H3N2 virus lethal challenge was measured.@*RESULTS@#H3N2 split vaccine formulated with CTA1-DD could elicit higher IgM, IgG and hemagglutination inhibition titers in sera. Furthermore, using CTA1-DD as adjuvant significantly improved mucosal secretory IgA titers in bronchoalveolar lavages and vaginal lavages. Meanwhile this mucosal adjuvant could enhance Th-1-type responses and induce protective hemagglutination inhibition titers. Notably, the addition of CTA1-DD to split vaccine provided 100% protection against lethal infection by the H3N2 virus.@*CONCLUSION@#CTA1-DD could promote mucosal, humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, which supports the further development of CTA1-DD as a mucosal adjuvant for mucosal vaccines.

Intra- and Inter-rater Reliability of Shear Wave Elastic Imaging Technique for Elastic Modulus Measurements of Muscle and Tendon / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To explore the intra- and inter-rater reliability of shear wave elastography (SWE) for the patellar tendon and quadriceps femoris stiffness.Methods From October to November, 2017, the stiffness of the patellar tendon and quadriceps femoris of 20 healthy men was measured by SWE, and measured again five days later. The results were evaluated with interclass correlation coefficient (ICC).Results For patellar tendon, ICC=0.79 in intra-rater and inter-rater; for rectus femoris, ICC=0.71 in intra-rater and 0.73 in inter-rater; for vastus lateralis muscle, ICC=0.84 in intra-rater and 0.74 in inter-rater; for vastus medialis,ICC=0.95 in intra-rater and 0.94 in inter-rater.Conclusion It is a reliable and repeatable method to measure the stiffness of patellar tendon and quadriceps femoris by SWE.

Characterization and analysis of VH1-2-encoded heterosubtypic antibodies isolated from an avian H5N1 patient / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To isolate the cross-reactive antibodies against hemagglutinin of influenza virus and identify its biological function.@*Methods@#The antibodies gene reservoir of cross-reactive and H5N1 pseudotype particles neutralizing B cell circulating in peripheral blood of a human H5N1 case was recovered by in vitro B cell culture, screening, RT-PCR and expression vector cloning techniques. The Ab gene pairing was screened by transient transfection of human kidney 293T cells and detected using ELISA and neutralization test. The heterosubtypic antibodies were prepared and characterized.@*Results@#We discovered the VH1-2-based heterosubtypic antibodies from two B cell lineages could neutralize GX-H5N1 pseudotype particles and have broader binding with Group 1 (including H1, H5, H6 and H9) and H7 subtype.@*Conclusions@#Cross-reactive antibodies can be induced by H5N1 infection.

Preliminary experiences of Pipeline embolization device for the treatment of complex intracranial aneurysms / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective To preliminarly investigate the application value of Pipeline embolization device ( PED ) in the endovascular interventional treatment of complex intracranial aneurysms. Methods From July 2015 to October 2016, the clinical data of 10 consecutive patients with complex intracranial aneurysm treated with PED at the Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong General Hospital were enrolled retrospectively. Their surgical modalities,complications,and imaging findings were analyzed. Results Of the 10 patients,7 were females and 3 were males,their age was 32-68 years ( mean age 54 ± 12 years) . There were 8 patients with internal carotid artery aneurysm,1 with middle cerebral artery aneurysm,and 1 with vertebrobasilar artery aneurysm;there were 2 patients with ruptured aneurysm and 8 with unruptured aneurysm;there were 5 patients with saccular aneurysm ( 2 with wide-necked aneu-rysm) ,3 with fusiform aneurysm,2 with dissecting aneurysm;there were 2 patients with medium aneurysm ( diameter>5-15 mm) ,2 with large aneurysm ( diameter>15-25 mm) ,6 with giant aneurysm ( diameter>25 mm) ,and there were 2 patients with recurrent aneurysm. They were all single aneurysms. Three patients were treated with PED in combination with coil embolization,and 7 patients were treated with PED implantation alone. Nine patients were treated with one PED and 1 was treated with 3 PEDs. The immediate postoperative angiography revealed that the contrast agents in the aneurysm cavities were obviously stranded. One patient died after procedure and 1 had quadriplegia after procedure,and the remaining 8 patients had no PED-related complications. The modified Rankin scale score was 0 in 8 cases,5 in 1 case,and 6 in 1 case on the first post-operative day. They were followed up for 14 to 28 months. Conclusions The different types of intracranial aneurysms treated with PED implantation is relatively safe and effective,but there are also some risks of dis-ability and death. Strictly selecting the indications and developing the individualized treatment strategies are needed.

Progress in development of neutralizing monoclonal antibody ( McAb ) against MERS-CoV / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

The rapid spread and outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus ( MERS-CoV) in the regions of Middle East in 2012 have been a great concern for researchers worldwide. Thus, efficient preventative and therapeutic countermeasures are urgently needed. Clinical studies have con-firmed that high titers of neutralizing antibodies ( Abs) against MERS-CoV in patients during convalescence have protective potency, which indicates that neutralizing Abs are safe and effective for the treatment of MERS-CoV infection. Spike ( S) protein is a key structural protein that mediates MERS-CoV infection and currently a critical protein for studying MERS-CoV neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. This review summari-zes recent advances in identifying neutralizing McAbs against MERS-CoV through describing the structural characteristics of MERS-CoV S protein, different kinds of MERS-CoV vaccines and methods for mAbs screening. Furthermore, we propose the prospects for future research on MERS-CoV neutralizing McAbs ac-cording to the current research progress.

Progress in development of neutralizing monoclonal antibody ( McAb ) against MERS-CoV / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

The rapid spread and outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus ( MERS-CoV) in the regions of Middle East in 2012 have been a great concern for researchers worldwide. Thus, efficient preventative and therapeutic countermeasures are urgently needed. Clinical studies have con-firmed that high titers of neutralizing antibodies ( Abs) against MERS-CoV in patients during convalescence have protective potency, which indicates that neutralizing Abs are safe and effective for the treatment of MERS-CoV infection. Spike ( S) protein is a key structural protein that mediates MERS-CoV infection and currently a critical protein for studying MERS-CoV neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. This review summari-zes recent advances in identifying neutralizing McAbs against MERS-CoV through describing the structural characteristics of MERS-CoV S protein, different kinds of MERS-CoV vaccines and methods for mAbs screening. Furthermore, we propose the prospects for future research on MERS-CoV neutralizing McAbs ac-cording to the current research progress.

Clinical characteristics of severe acute spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage complicated by cerebrocardiac syndrome / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To explore the electrocardiogram (ECG) characteristics and prognoses of patients with severe acute spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) complicated by cerebrocardiac syndrome (CCS).Methods The ECG characteristics and clinical data of 80 patients with severe SAH admitted to our hospital from January 2012 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.The myocardial enzymes,serum troponin T and ECG changes in patients of Hunt-Hess grading Ⅳ and Ⅴ were compared.Results ECG abnormalities at the first time were noted in 76 patients,accounting for 95％.Wave changes (more than two kinds) were noted in 63 patients.ST-T changes were noted in 68 patients,T wave changes in 45,QT interval prolongation in 30,cardiac arrhythmia in 26,conduction block in 11,and abnormal Q wave in 9.The occurrence rates of Q-T interval prolongation,cardiac arrhythmia,conduction block,abnormal Q wave and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) scores between patients of Hunt-Hess grading Ⅳ and Ⅴ were significantly different (P＜0.05).The myocardial enzyme levels were normal and serum troponin T level slightly increased in patients of Hunt-Hess grading Ⅴ within 2 h of admission.Conclusion ST and T waves changes are the common electrocardiogram manifestations of acute severe SAH patients with CCS;CCS is the important prognostic factors of acute severe SAH patients.