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OBJECTIVES: Currently, the research results regarding the bilateral temporomandibular joint symmetry in patients at different ages with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) are still controversial. In this study, the position of condyle in the articular fossa and morphology of condyle in UCLP patients at different developmental stages was measured and analyzed to explore the asymmetry difference, which can provide a new theoretical basis for the sequential therapy. METHODS: A total of 90 patients with UCLP were divided into a mixed dentition group (31 cases), a young permanent dentition group (31 cases) and an old permanent dentition group (28 cases) according to age and dentition development. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were imported into Invivo5 software for 3D reconstruction, and the joint space, anteroposterior diameter, medio-lateral diameter, and height of condylar were measured, and its asymmetry index was calculated. RESULTS: The asymmetry index of condylar height and anteroposterior diameter among the 3 groups, from small to large, was the mixed dentition group
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Labio Leporino , Fisura del Paladar , Humanos , Labio Leporino/diagnóstico por imagen , Fisura del Paladar/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación Temporomandibular/diagnóstico por imagen , Relevancia ClínicaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The space on each side of the mouth, between the commissure of the mouth and the buccal surface of the last visible tooth, is called the buccal corridor. The size of the buccal corridor can affect perceptions of facial esthetics. We analyzed the perceptions of orthodontists, laypersons, and orthodontic patients regarding the size of buccal corridors in people with brachyfacial, mesofacial, and dolichofacial types. METHODS: Photographs of 1 male and 1 female model were modified digitally into brachyfacial, mesofacial, and dolichofacial types. Each facial type was further modified to create 5 sizes of buccal corridors. Orthodontists, adult orthodontic patients, and laypersons were invited to rate the photographs. RESULTS: Orthodontists rated lower than the other groups of raters when they evaluated the female model with the buccal corridors of 20% (P <0.05). Laypersons could not distinguish the changes of the buccal corridors when evaluating the male model with brachyfacial and mesofacial (P >0.05). Orthodontic patients rated significantly higher than the orthodontists and the laypersons when evaluating the dolichofacial type of both models (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Orthodontists are more sensitive to the buccal corridors than are orthodontic patients and laypersons. It is only necessary to consider eliminating the patient's buccal corridors when the buccal corridor area ratio is over 15%.
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Ortodoncistas , Sonrisa , Adulto , Actitud del Personal de Salud , Estética Dental , Cara , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Background: The poor outcome of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) necessitates new treatments. Cobimetinib is a MEK inhibitor and approved for the treatment of melanoma. This work investigated the efficacy of cobimetinib alone and in combination with anti-RCC drugs. Methods: Proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed, and combination index was analyzed on RCC cell lines (CaKi-2, 786-O, A-704, ACHN and A489) and xenograft models. Immunoblotting analysis was conducted to investigate the MAPK pathway. Results: Cobimetinib was active against RCC cells, with IC50 at 0.006-0.8µM, and acted synergistically with standard-of-care therapy. Cobimetinib at nontoxic doses prevented tumor formation, inhibited tumor growth and enhanced efficacy of 5-fluorouracil, sorafenib and sunitinib via suppressing Raf/MEK/ERK, leading to MAPK pathway inhibition. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate the potent anti-RCC activity of cobimetinib and its synergism with RCC standard-of-care drugs, and confirm the underlying mechanism of the action of cobimetinib.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/farmacología , Azetidinas/farmacología , Carcinoma de Células Renales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Renales/tratamiento farmacológico , Piperidinas/farmacología , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/farmacología , Animales , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Azetidinas/uso terapéutico , Carcinoma de Células Renales/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Fluorouracilo/farmacología , Fluorouracilo/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Neoplasias Renales/patología , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratones , Piperidinas/uso terapéutico , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/uso terapéutico , Sorafenib/farmacología , Sorafenib/uso terapéutico , Sunitinib/farmacología , Sunitinib/uso terapéutico , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de XenoinjertoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To observe three-dimensional changes of dentigerous cyst-associated maxillary canines (DCAMC) in adolescents after marsupialization by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).â© Methods: A total of 34 DCAMC patients with dentigerous cyst aged 10-14 were divided into central type and lateral type, while canines on the non-cyst side served as a control. A three-dimensional reference frame was set up to analyze the position, angle changes and influential factors for DCAMC by using CBCT before operation and in 3-6 month after operation.â© Results: 1) Compared with pre-operation, there was significant vertical movement in DCAMC after marsupialization. Tip of tooth moved labially while tooth axis inclined mesiodistally; 2) Horizontal, vertical movement and mesiodistal inclination of DCAMC were significantly greater than those in the health side; 3) Compared with the lateral type DCAMC, the central type DCAMC showed a significant changes in labial inclination; 4) Horizontal movement, mesiodistal and labial inclination of lateral type DCAMC were all evidently greater than those of the central type DCAMC; 5) Vertical movement and inclination of DCAMC after marsupialization were significantly correlated to the time interval (r=0.354, 0.374, both P<0.05), while vertical movement of cuspid in health side was significantly negative correlated with the patients' age and the level of root formation (r=-0.506, -0.721, both P<0.01).â© Conclusion: DCAMC in adolescents can obtain obvious changes in position and angles after marsupialization regardless of the level of root formation, which is beneficial for further orthodontic treatment.
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Diente Canino , Quiste Dentígero , Adolescente , Niño , Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico , Humanos , MaxilarRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate three-dimensional morphological features of temporomandibular joint in skeletal malocclusion Class III with different vertical skeletal facial types.â© Methods: A total of 46 adults with skeletal malocclusion Class III were enrolled and allocated into a normal-angle, a high-angle and a low-angle groups. All patients were undergone cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Images of temporomandibular joint were reconstructed and analyzed by Invivo 5. Nine measurements relevant to the positions and forms of condyle as well as joint spaces were performed.â© Results: Significant differences were not observed between the 2 sides of each group among skeletal malocclusion Class III (P>0.05). Compared with the high-angle and normal-angle patients, the low-angle patients had larger superior spaces, bigger gradients of the articular tublecle, longer condyle, and larger internal spaces between the condyle and the fossa. Compared with the low-angle and normal-angle patients, the high-angle patients had smaller condylar antero-posterior diameters.â© Conclusion: Class III malocclusion patients with different vertical skeletal patterns have different positions and forms of condyles, which should be paid attention to in clinic.
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Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico , Maloclusión de Angle Clase III/diagnóstico por imagen , Cóndilo Mandibular/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación Temporomandibular/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Cara/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por ComputadorRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different crown heights of lateral incisor and canine on smile esthetics perception between orthodontists and patients.â© Methods: A total of 31 orthodontists and 56 patients on smile aesthetics perception were investigated. We adjusted the height of lateral incisor and canine to get 20 kinds of anterior tooth area morphology by Photoshop and asked interviewees to grade. Scores of satisfaction were recorded by Likert method.â© Results: Subjects in the 2 groups preferred smiles with upper anterior teeth edge parallel to lower lip. There was better acceptance for longer canines and less satisfaction at shorter lateral incisors in patients. Patients also got higher discrete degree of evaluation results and more rigorous about smile esthetics than orthodontists.â© Conclusion: Orthodontists and patients have different satisfaction at esthetics of anterior teeth. Esthetics preference should be considered in orthodontic treatment schedule.
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Estética Dental , Ortodoncistas , Prioridad del Paciente , Sonrisa , Corona del Diente/anatomía & histología , Actitud del Personal de Salud , Diente Canino/anatomía & histología , Humanos , Incisivo/anatomía & histología , Fotografía DentalRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To explore the influence of gender and age on the measurement of cone beam CT (CBCT) in normal and occluded craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area.â© Methods: A total of 80 CBCT data of normal and occluded craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area were collected, including 40 adults [16 males and 24 females, aged (17.57±1.83) years] and 40 children[16 males and 24 females, age (11.50±1.26) years]. Three-dimensional cephalometric measurements were carried out by Dolphion Imaging software, and the influence of gender and age was compared.â© Results: The symmetry of craniofacial hard tissues in male and female in the adults was good (the maximum asymmetric rate R was 6.39% and the minimum asymmetric rate R was 0.08%). There was no significant differencein the anterior palatal width, palatal width, the upper incisor protrusion distance, the lower incisor protrusion distance, hyoid-mandibular plane, basal epiglottis width, and palatal plane airway width between the males and females (all P>0.05); while the remaining indicators were significantly higher in males than those in females (all P<0.05). There was no significant gender difference in angle indicators (all P>0.05). There were significant differences in the posterior height, the maxillary length, the lower incisor protrusion, and the mandibular plane angle between the adults and the children(all P<0.05); but the rest of indicators were not significant difference (all P>0.05).â© Conclusion: The symmetry of craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area is good. The gender and age affect the line space measurements but not affect the most of the angle measurements.
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Cefalometría/métodos , Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico , Oclusión Dental , Cráneo/diagnóstico por imagen , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Niño , China/etnología , Etnicidad , Huesos Faciales/anatomía & histología , Huesos Faciales/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Maxilar/anatomía & histología , Maxilar/diagnóstico por imagen , Factores Sexuales , Cráneo/anatomía & histología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cancer patients often suffer from severe stress reactions psychologically, such as anxiety and depression. Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the common cancer types, with most patients diagnosed at advanced stages that cannot be treated by radical surgery and which are accompanied by complications such as bodily pain and bone metastasis. Therefore, attention should be given to the mental health status of PC patients as well as physical adverse events in the course of clinical treatment. AIM: To analyze the risk factors leading to anxiety and depression in PC patients after castration and build a risk prediction model. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of 120 PC cases treated in Xi'an People's Hospital between January 2019 and January 2022. The patient cohort was divided into a training group (n = 84) and a validation group (n = 36) at a ratio of 7:3. The patients' anxiety symptoms and depression levels were assessed 2 wk after surgery with the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), respectively. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting negative mood, and a risk prediction model was constructed. RESULTS: In the training group, 35 patients and 37 patients had an SAS score and an SDS score greater than or equal to 50, respectively. Based on the scores, we further subclassified patients into two groups: a bad mood group (n = 35) and an emotional stability group (n = 49). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that marital status, castration scheme, and postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score were independent risk factors affecting a patient's bad mood (P < 0.05). In the training and validation groups, patients with adverse emotions exhibited significantly higher risk scores than emotionally stable patients (P < 0.0001). The area under the curve (AUC) of the risk prediction model for predicting bad mood in the training group was 0.743, the specificity was 70.96%, and the sensitivity was 66.03%, while in the validation group, the AUC, specificity, and sensitivity were 0.755, 66.67%, and 76.19%, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed a χ2 of 4.2856, a P value of 0.830, and a C-index of 0.773 (0.692-0.854). The calibration curve revealed that the predicted curve was basically consistent with the actual curve, and the calibration curve showed that the prediction model had good discrimination and accuracy. Decision curve analysis showed that the model had a high net profit. CONCLUSION: In PC patients, marital status, castration scheme, and postoperative pain (VAS) score are important factors affecting postoperative anxiety and depression. The logistic regression model can be used to successfully predict the risk of adverse psychological emotions.
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Bladder cancer (BCa) is a urinary tumor with limited treatment options and high mortality. Liensinine (LIEN), a natural bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, has shown excellent anti-tumor effects in numerous preclinical studies. However, the anti-BCa effect of LIEN remains unclear. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the molecular mechanism of LIEN in the management of BCa. First, we identified the treatment-related targets of BCa; those that repeatedly occur in more than two databases, including GeneCards, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, DisGeNET, Therapeutic Target Database, and Drugbank. The SwissTarget database was used to screen LIEN-related targets, and those with a probability >0 were possible LIEN targets. The prospective targets of LIEN in the treatment of BCa were then determined using a Venn diagram. Second, we discovered that the PI3K/AKT pathway and senescence mediated the anti-BCa action of LIEN by using GO and KEGG enrichment analysis to explore the function of LIEN therapeutic targets. A protein-protein interaction network was created using the String website, and six algorithms of the CytoHubba plug-in were then used in Cytoscape to assess the core targets of LIEN for the therapy of BCa. The outcomes of molecular docking and dynamics simulation demonstrated that CDK2 and CDK4 proteins were the direct targets of LIEN in the management of BCa, among which CDK2 was more stable in binding to LIEN than CDK4. Finally, in vitro experiments showed that LIEN inhibited the activity and proliferation of T24 cells. The expression of p-/AKT, CDK2, and CDK4 proteins progressively decreased, while the expression and fluorescence intensity of the senescence-related protein, γH2AX, gradually increased with increasing LIEN concentration in T24 cells. Therefore, our data suggest that LIEN may promote senescence and inhibit proliferation by inhibiting the CDK2/4 and PI3K/AKT pathways in BCa.
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Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria , Humanos , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/tratamiento farmacológico , Bases de Datos Genéticas , Quinasa 2 Dependiente de la Ciclina , Quinasa 4 Dependiente de la CiclinaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To study the prognosticvalues of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) undergoing radicalcystectomy. METHODS: The clinical data of 186 MIBC patientsreceiving radical cystectomy from January 2013 toOctober 2015 were collected. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were plotted based on preoperativeNLR, PLR and LMR as well as survival of patientswithin 5 years after surgery. The NLR, PLR and LMRvalues of patients with different clinicopathologicalcharacteristics were described by frequencies.Recurrence-free survival curve was plotted using theKaplan-Meier method, and survival curves were comparedby the log-rank test. Independent risk factorsfor recurrence were explored by multivariate logistic regression analysis. NLR, PLR and LMR were utilizedto establish the recurrence risk scoring model, and theaccuracy for predicting recurrence was assessed byROC curves. RESULTS: NLR groups had significantly differentpathological grade, T stage, lymph node metastasisand tumor number. The differences in age,pathological grade, T stage, lymph node metastasisand tumor number were significant between PLRgroups. Gender, pathological grade, T stage, lymphnode metastasis, tumor number and tumor sizehad significant differences between LMR groups(Pfree survival rate between NLR≥2.45 andNLRand PLRLMR≥3.72 and LMR33.61%) (Ptumor number, lymph node metastasis, NLR, PLRand LMR were independent risk factors for MIBCpatients. After these factors were included into therecurrence risk scoring model, the area under ROCcurve was 0.821. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative NLR, PLR and LMRare potential biomarkers for determining the prognosisof MIBC patients, and the combination of independent risk factors may work better for prognosticevaluation.
OBJETIVOS: Estudiar el valor pronósticodel índice neutrófilo-linfocito (INL), plaqueta-linfocito(IPL) y linfocito-monocito (ILM) preoperatorioen pacientes con Cáncer de Vejiga Músculo Invasivo(CVMI) sometidos a cistectomía radical.MÉTODOS: Se analizaron los datos clínicos de 186pacientes con CVMI sometidos a cistectomía desdeEnero 2013 a Octubre 2015. Se ejecutaron curvasReceiver operating characteristics (ROC) basadas enel valor preoperatorio de INL, IPL, ILM así como la supervivenciaa los 5 años de la cirugía. Los valores delos INR, IPL, ILM de los pacientes con diferentes característicasclínicopatológicas se describieron mediantefrecuencias. Se obtuvo una curva de supervivencialibre de recurrencia usando el método de Kaplan-Meier, mientras que las curvas de supervivencias secompararon con el log-rank test. Se exploraron losfactores independientes de recurrencia a través de unanálisis de regresión logística. Se usaron los INL, IPL,ILM para establecer un modelo predictive de riesgo derecurrencia cuya precision fue evaluada con curvasROC. RESULTADOS: Las diferencias fueron significativaspara los grupos INL en cuanto a grado histológico,estadio tumoral, metastasis ganglionares y númerode tumores. Las diferencias en edad, grado histológico,estadio tumoral, metastasis a ganglios linfáticosy número de tumores fueron significativas entre losgrupos IPL. Mientras que en los grupos ILM las diferenciasfueron significativas en género, grado histológico,estadio tumar, metastasis a ganglios linfáticos,número y tamaño tumoral. (Psignificativas en la tasa de recurrencia libre de enfermedaden los grupos INL≥2.45 e INL71.11%), los grupos IPL≥157.3 e IPL77.65%), y los grupos ILM≥3.72 e ILMvs. 33.61%) (Pnúmero de tumores, metastasis ganglionares,INL, IPL, ILM fueron factores de riesgo independientesen pacientes con CVMI. Después de incluir estos factoresen el modelo predictive de riesgo de recurrencia, elárea bajo la curva ROC fue 0.821. CONCLUSIONES: Los INL, IPL, ILM preoperatoriosson potenciales biomarcadores para determinar elpronóstico de pacientes con CVMI. La combinaciónde factores independientes podría mejorar la evaluaciónpronóstica.
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Cistectomía , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria , Cistectomía/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Linfocitos/patología , Masculino , Monocitos/patología , Músculos/patología , Neutrófilos/patología , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/patología , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/cirugíaRESUMEN
Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is one of the main chronic complications of diabetes, and is characterized by cognitive defects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are widely involved in the development of diabetesrelated complications. The present study evaluated the role of miR130b in DE and investigated its mechanisms of action. PC12 cells and hippocampal cells were exposed to a high glucose environment to induce cell injuries to mimic the in vitro model of DE. Cells were transfected with miR130b mimic, miR130b inhibitor and small interfering RNA (si)phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) to evaluate the protective effect of the miR130b/PTEN axis against oxidative stress in high glucosestimulated cells involving Akt activity. Furthermore, the effect of agomir130b was also assessed on rats with DE. The expression of miR130b was reduced in the DE models in vivo and in vitro. The administration of miR130b mimic increased the viability of high glucosestimulated cells, prevented apoptosis, increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, activated Akt protein levels and inhibited the mitochondriamediated apoptotic pathway. The administration of miR130b inhibitor exerted opposite effects, while siPTEN reversed the effects of miR130b inhibitor. In vivo, the administration of agomir130b attenuated cognitive disorders and neuronal damage, increased SOD activity, reduced the MDA content, activated Akt protein levels and inhibited the mitochondriamediated apoptosis pathway in rats with DE. On the whole, these results suggest that miR130b activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to exert protective effects against oxidative stress injury via the regulation of PTEN in rats with DE.
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Encefalopatías/metabolismo , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo , Fosfohidrolasa PTEN/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal , Animales , Encefalopatías/genética , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/genética , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/genética , Masculino , MicroARNs/genética , Células PC12 , Fosfohidrolasa PTEN/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/genética , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
Osteoporosis (OP) behaves in different manners in different parts of the skeleton. This study aims to investigate the effects of curcumin on bone mass of the mandibular and femur from ovariectomized OP rats and to validate whether enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2)/Wnt/ß-Catenin pathway is involved in this process. Curcumin was administered intragastrically into ovariectomized rats for 12 weeks. The bone parameters and the morphology of the trabecular bone of the left mandible and left femur were assessed by micro-computed tomography assay. Morphological changes of the left mandible and left femur were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The mRNA levels of EZH2, ß-Catenin, and Runx2 in the right mandible and right femur were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess EZH2 expression. Both the mandible and femur exhibited OP-like changes in ovariectomized rats, while the mandible bone resorption was less than the femur bone resorption. Curcumin intragastric administration improved bone microstructure and promoted bone formation in the mandible and femur. Curcumin inhibited EZH2 mRNA level and induced that of ß-Catenin and Runx2 in the mandible and femur. Collectively, curcumin exerts protective effects against OP, possibly by regulating the EZH2/Wnt/ß-Catenin pathway.
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Curcumina/farmacología , Proteína Potenciadora del Homólogo Zeste 2/biosíntesis , Fémur/metabolismo , Mandíbula/metabolismo , Osteoporosis/metabolismo , Proteínas Wnt/biosíntesis , beta Catenina/biosíntesis , Animales , Densidad Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Fémur/efectos de los fármacos , Mandíbula/efectos de los fármacos , Osteogénesis , Ovariectomía , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Vía de Señalización Wnt/fisiología , Microtomografía por Rayos XRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial has shown a protective effect of finasteride on prostate cancer, but it also showed that finasteride can increase the risk of high-grade prostate cancer. Several studies have investigated the relationship between finasteride and prostate cancer, but these studies have shown inconsistent results. ETHICS: The protocol was approved by the institutional review board of each study center. Written informed consent will be obtained from all patients before registration, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. METHODS: We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to assess the association between finasteride and prostate cancer. Systematic literature searches were conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, Science Direct/Elsevier, MEDLINE, CNKI, and the Cochrane Library up to October 2018 to identify studies that involved the relationship between finasteride and prostate cancer. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager and Stata software. Combined ORs were identified with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) in a random or fixed effects model. RESULTS: Eight studies were identified, including 54,335 cases of patients that used finasteride and 9197 patients who served as placebo controls. Our results illustrate that there is a significant correlation between finasteride use and prostate cancer with combined ORs of 0.70 [0.51, 0.96]. A significant correlation between finasteride use and high-grade prostate cancer was also observed with combined ORs of 2.10 [1.85, 2.38]. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that finasteride significantly reduced the risk of prostate cancer; however, the malignant degree of prostate cancer was increased. Studies with larger sample sizes are needed to better clarify the correlation between finasteride use and prostate cancer.
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Inhibidores de 5-alfa-Reductasa/efectos adversos , Finasterida/efectos adversos , Neoplasias de la Próstata/inducido químicamente , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
The design and discovery of a new series of (5-alkynyl-3-hydroxypicolinoyl)glycine inhibitors of prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) are described. These compounds showed potent in vitro inhibitory activity toward PHD2 in a fluorescence polarization-based assay. Remarkably, oral administration of 17, with an IC50 of 64.2 nM toward PHD2, was found to stabilize HIF-α, elevate erythropoietin (EPO), and alleviate anemia in a cisplatin-induced anemia mouse model with an oral dose of 25 mg/kg. Rat and dog studies showed that 17 has good pharmacokinetic properties, with oral bioavailabilities of 55.7 and 54.0%, respectively, and shows excellent safety profiles even at a high dose of 200 mg/kg in these animals. Based on these results, 17 is currently being evaluated in a phase I clinical trial for anemia.
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Anemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Glicina/análogos & derivados , Glicina/uso terapéutico , Ácidos Picolínicos/uso terapéutico , Inhibidores de Prolil-Hidroxilasa/uso terapéutico , Anemia/inducido químicamente , Animales , Factores de Transcripción con Motivo Hélice-Asa-Hélice Básico/metabolismo , Cisplatino , Perros , Diseño de Fármacos , Eritropoyetina/metabolismo , Femenino , Glicina/farmacocinética , Glicina/toxicidad , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Estructura Molecular , Ácidos Picolínicos/síntesis química , Ácidos Picolínicos/farmacocinética , Ácidos Picolínicos/toxicidad , Inhibidores de Prolil-Hidroxilasa/síntesis química , Inhibidores de Prolil-Hidroxilasa/farmacocinética , Inhibidores de Prolil-Hidroxilasa/toxicidad , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of simulated protraction after maxillary fissure repair on stress and shift of maxillary bone and to provide the scientific evidence for treatment of maxilla in patients with cleft lip and palate. METHODS: Based on the establishment of 3-dimensional finite element model of maxilla with cleft lip and palate, we used ANSYS 10.0 software to simulate protraction, repair fissures of maxillary bone, and then analyzed the change of maxillary stress and shift. RESULTS: The maxillary fissures could be enlarged by protraction without reparation of maxillary. Obvious motion was observed on the uninjured side, with 500 g/per lateral protraction and 30 degree protraction angle. The major principal stress and von Mises stress of craniofacial bone distributed evenly under protraction after fissure repair. CONCLUSION: The maxillary fissures have an enlarged trend by protraction without repair.The protraction treatment benefits the development of maxillary bone after repairing maxillary fissure.
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Labio Leporino/terapia , Fisura del Paladar/terapia , Aparatos de Tracción Extraoral , Análisis de Elementos Finitos , Maxilar/fisiología , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Humanos , Imagenología Tridimensional , Maloclusión/terapia , Retrognatismo/terapiaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the rule of simulated protraction and palate expansion on shift of maxillary bone,and to supply the scientific data for treating maxilla in patients with cleft lip and palate. METHODS: Based on the establishment of 3-dimensional finite element model of maxilla with cleft lip and palate, we used ANSYS 10.0 software to simulate protraction and expand fissures of palate, and analyzed the changes of maxillary shift. RESULTS: After the simulated protraction and pa-late expansion,an upward, forward, and outward growth occurred on maxilla, and the normal lateral bow had no internal shrinkage as well as the abnormal one. CONCLUSION: Combined palate expansion with maxillary protraction treatment in patients with cleft lip and palate tend to improve the development of maxillary bone.
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Labio Leporino/terapia , Fisura del Paladar/terapia , Análisis de Elementos Finitos , Maloclusión/terapia , Técnica de Expansión Palatina , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Aparatos de Tracción Extraoral , Humanos , Imagenología Tridimensional , Maxilar/fisiología , Retrognatismo/terapiaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: We aim to examine teenagers with varying vertical facial skeletal types with near-normal occlusion. We further aim to identify and study mandibular morphology and dentition characteristics to establish normal ranges and variations for future clinical reference. METHODS: According to the results of the case studies, 42 adolescents with near-normal occlusion were divided into three groups, namely, low- (7 cases), average- (23 cases) and high-angle (12 cases) groups. We used Invivo 5 software for Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data to calculate the cant of occlusal plane, axis corner of L6, â L1/MP, â L6/MP, Balkwill angle and Bonwill triangle of each group. RESULTS: Markedly, the finding shows that the cant of occlusal plane and axis corner of L6 in the low-angle group were smaller than those of the other two groups. In the average-angle group, â L1/MP was larger than that of the high-angle group. Lastly, in the high-angle group, â L6/MP was smaller than those of the two other groups. On the one hand, these differences were considered statistically significant (P<0.05). On the other hand, other measurements show that these differences were considered statistically non-significant (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In the low-angle group, the parallelisation of the occlusal plane tends to be more obvious compared with the two other groups. In the coronal section of the low-angle group, the axis of the mandibular first molar is up-right, whereas it is distally tilted in the sagittal section of the high-angle group. Furthermore, a number of differences are noted in the adult groups. Factors, such as aging and development in the craniofacial region, lead to changes in functional occlusion.
Asunto(s)
Cefalometría , Oclusión Dental , Dentición , Adolescente , Humanos , Mandíbula , DienteRESUMEN
PURPOSEï¼To investigate the effects of adenoid hypertrophy and maxillary sinus mucosal thickening on dentofacial development. METHODSï¼The selected subjects were divided into 4 groups according to the inclusion criteria: group A (adenoid hypertrophy with maxillary sinus mucosal thickening), group B (adenoid hypertrophy without maxillary sinus mucosal thickening), group C (normal adenoid with maxillary sinus mucosal thickening), and group D (normal adenoid without maxillary sinus mucosal thickening). There were 20 subjects in each group, aging from 12 to 14 years old. The volume of maxillary sinus was measured by Mimics software. The adenoid, dental arch width, basal bone width and palatal height were measured by Dolphin software and dentofacial measurements were performed in the lateral cephalograms derived from cone-beam CT (CBCT). The data were analyzed with SPSS 24.0 software package. RESULTSï¼ There was no significant difference in dentofacial measurements between group B and group D or group C and group Dï¼except for ANB angle (P<0.05). Compared with group D, SNB, ANB, Wits appraisal, NA-APo, MP-HP, N-Me, S-Go/N-Me, N-ANS (perp HP), sum of three angles, Ar-Go of group A were significantly different (P<0.05). Neither left nor right maxillary sinus bony volume had significant difference between group B and D or group C and D. CONCLUSIONSï¼ Both adenoid hypertrophy and maxillary sinus mucosal thickening have impact on dentofacial development. Moderate or more severe adenoid hypertrophy with maxillary sinus mucosal thickening has greater impact on dentofacial development over adenoid hypertrophy or maxillary sinus mucosal thickening alone.
Asunto(s)
Tonsila Faríngea , Seno Maxilar , Adolescente , Niño , Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico , Humanos , Hipertrofia , MaxilarRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effective rule of protraction in different directions,strains, and shifts of maxillary bone,and to supply the scientific data for treatment of the maxilla in patients with cleft lip and palate. METHODS: " Based on the establishment of 3-dimensional finite element model of maxilla with cleft lip and palate,ANSYS 10.0 software was used to simulate protraction,and then we analyzed the change of maxillary stress and shift in the same force of traction in different directions. RESULTS: With 500 g per lateral protraction and the protraction angle from 20 degree to 45 degree,the maxillary shifted upward, forward, and outward, and the shape of maxillary plate bow showed internal shrinkage. There was a close relation between the internal shrinkage and the direction of protraction. The smaller the angle between the direction of protraction and the functional occlusion plane,the larger the internal shrinkage of tooth bow. The larger the angle between the direction of protraction and the functional occlusion plane,the smaller the internal shrinkage of tooth bow. CONCLUSION: With protraction,the maxilla grows upward, forward, and outward, and the maxillary palate shinks internally. There is a close relation between the direction of protraction and the range of internal shrinkage.
Asunto(s)
Labio Leporino/terapia , Fisura del Paladar/terapia , Aparatos de Tracción Extraoral , Análisis de Elementos Finitos , Maxilar/fisiología , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Humanos , Imagenología Tridimensional , Maloclusión/terapia , Retrognatismo/terapiaRESUMEN
We reported a very rare case of squamous odontogenic tumor(SOT) in a 23-year-old female. The tumor arose after an implanting operation of an orthodontic micro-screw, and was definitely diagnosed by the histopathological examination. Based on the case report and a review of the literature, we discussed about the general features, differential diagnosis and pathogenesis of SOT.