Impact of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in the treatment of prostate cancer: Initial experience in Spain.

AIM: To evaluate whether positron-emission tomography/computed tomography with 68Ga-PSMA (68Ga-PSMA PET/CT) influences the therapeutic management of patients with primary or recurrent prostate cancer (PCa). BACKGROUND: Although 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT is one of the best options for staging or restaging patients with PCa, its availability is still very limited in Spain. The present study reports the results of the first group of patients in Spain who underwent 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients (n = 27) with a histological diagnosis of PCa who underwent 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT prior to the definitive treatment decision at the only centre with this technology in Spain during 2017-2018 were included. Two nuclear medicine physicians and a radiologist reviewed the imaging studies. The clinical impact was assessed from a theoretical perspective, based on the treatment that would have been applied if no data from the 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT were available. RESULTS: Most patients (n = 26; 96%) had persistent disease or biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, or combined treatment. One patient underwent 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging to stage high-risk PCa. Overall, 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT was positive in 19 patients (70.4%). In 68.75% of these patients, none of the other imaging tests-MRI, CT, or bone scans-performed prior to the 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT were able to detect the presence of cancerous lesions. Overall, the findings of the 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT led to a modification of the therapeutic approach in 62.96% of the patients in the study. CONCLUSIONS: 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT alters the therapeutic approach in a substantial proportion of patients with PCa.