[Characteristics of Microplastic Pollution in Sediment of Silty Coast in Culture Bay].

Microplastic pollution is a central issue of great concern in the current environmental field. Microplastic pollution in marine environmental media is widely reported, but the characteristics of microplastic pollution in deep sediments are rarely reported. Based on this, three sampling points were set up on the muddy coast near the Haizhou Bay, a typical aquaculture sea area, to analyze the characteristics of microplastic pollution in sediment column samples. The study showed that the abundance of microplastics in the sediments of the study area was(0.12 ± 0.07)n·g-1, which was at the medium pollution level. The total amount of microplastics in the sediment column was 3.43-6.00 times the abundance of microplastics in the surface sediment (5 cm). The abundance of microplastics in the sediment column samples showed regional differences. There was no significant difference in the abundance of microplastics in the sediment at different depths, but the index decreased with the increase in depth. The relationship between sediment moisture content, depth, and microplastics indicated that the abundance of microplastics in sediment was related to the physical properties of the sediment. Transparent and black microplastics accounted for the highest proportion in each station. Fiber was the most common form of microplastics in the sediment, and microplastics with small particle size accounted for the majority. The density of microplastics did not prevent its appearance in the sediment. The pollution characteristics of microplastics varied greatly in different depths of sediments.

Clinical Therapy: HAIC Combined with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Programmed Cell Death Protein-1 Inhibitors versus HAIC Alone for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: The majority of new diagnoses of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still pertain to unresectable cases. Currently, the combination therapy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors has become the mainstream treatment. According to multiple clinical guidelines, it is strongly advised to consider local therapy as the primary treatment choice for uHCC. This research was conducted to examine the safety and effectiveness of combining hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with TKIs and PD-1 inhibitors for the treatment of uHCC. Methods: Between 2015 and 2020, 208 HCC patients received HAIC alone or HAIC in combination with TKIs and PD-1 inhibitors. The overall survival(OS), and progression-free survival(PFS) and the best treatment response were compared between the two treatment groups. Propensity score matching (PSM)was used to minimize confounding bias. Results: Among the enrolled patients, 116 patients (55.8%) received combination therapy, while 92 patients (44.2%) received HAIC alone. The baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. After PSM, 82 pairs of well-matched liver cancer patients were selected; the overall response rate in the combination group trended better than that in the HAIC alone group. The hazard ratios (HRs) for OS and PFS of the combination approach compared to the HAIC-alone approach were 0.47 (95% CI, 0.322-0.687; p<0.001) and 0.58 (95% CI, 0.397-0.848; p=0.005), respectively. Conclusion: For uHCC patients, combination therapy can provide better OS and PFS compared to HAIC alone.