Multiple linear regression models for predicting the n­octanol/water partition coefficients in the SAMPL7 blind challenge.

A multiple linear regression model called MLR-3 is used for predicting the experimental n-octanol/water partition coefficient (log PN) of 22 N-sulfonamides proposed by the organizers of the SAMPL7 blind challenge. The MLR-3 method was trained with 82 molecules including drug-like sulfonamides and small organic molecules, which resembled the main functional groups present in the challenge dataset. Our model, submitted as "TFE-MLR", presented a root-mean-square error of 0.58 and mean absolute error of 0.41 in log P units, accomplishing the highest accuracy, among empirical methods and also in all submissions based on the ranked ones. Overall, the results support the appropriateness of multiple linear regression approach MLR-3 for computing the n-octanol/water partition coefficient in sulfonamide-bearing compounds. In this context, the outstanding performance of empirical methodologies, where 75% of the ranked submissions achieved root-mean-square errors < 1 log P units, support the suitability of these strategies for obtaining accurate and fast predictions of physicochemical properties as partition coefficients of bioorganic compounds.

A comparison of body temperature changes due to the administration of ketamine-acepromazine and tiletamine-zolazepam anesthetics in cynomolgus macaques.

Two commonly used anesthetic combinations, ketamine acepromazine and tiletamine-zolazepam, were compared to identify their effects upon body temperature in cynomolgus macaques. We allocated 30 cynomolgus macaques previously implanted with subcutaneous telemetry devices into two groups of 15 animals. Baseline temperature data were collected for 3 days before administering anesthesia to establish normal diurnal temperature patterns for each monkey. Each group then was anesthetized with either ketamine-acepromazine or tiletamine-zolazepam, and their body temperatures were recorded at 15-min intervals. Both groups had marked decreases in body temperature, with the greatest decreases in the tiletamine-zolazepam group. In addition, both groups had notable post-anesthesia elevations in body temperature that often lasted for more than 24 h postinduction.

Giant solitary osteochondroma of the inferior medial calcaneal tubercle: a case report and review of the literature.

UNLABELLED: Small osteophytes are frequently encountered in the foot and ankle, and are not to be confused with true osteochondromas, which are relatively uncommon in this region. They most often affect long bones of the appendicular skeleton but may involve flat bones as well. Osteochondromas are benign osseous neoplasms with a distinct hyaline cartilage cap originating from the physis and cease growing with skeletal maturity. Osteochondroma are often treated conservatively unless they become symptomatic, painful, demonstrate rapid or new growth, enlarge after skeletal maturity, and/or exhibit signs of malignant transformation. In this report, we present a case of a giant (8 cm x 4.2 cm x 2.1 cm) osteochondroma in an adult occurring on the inferior medial tubercle of the calcaneus that underwent excision, with 3.5 years of follow-up without recurrence. To our knowledge this is the largest osteochondroma affecting the inferior medial tubercle of the calcaneus. This case demonstrates that large osteochondromas may occur in the foot, and also confirms that benign osteochondroma growth may occur in adulthood. A detailed review of osteochondroma occurrence in the foot is presented along with a review of the diagnostic work-up to evaluate for malignant transformation. LEVEL OF CLINICAL EVIDENCE: 4.