Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 323
Filtrar
Más filtros

Tipo del documento
Intervalo de año de publicación
1.
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis ; 40(4): C87-C92, 2023 Apr 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37132976

RESUMEN

Photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals arise from the modulation of light reflectivity on the skin due to changes of physiological origin. Imaging plethysmography (iPPG) is a video-based PPG method that can remotely monitor vital signs in a non-invasive manner. iPPG signals result from skin reflectivity modulation. The origin of such reflectivity modulation is still a subject of debate. Here, we have used optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging to find whether iPPG signals may result from skin optical properties being directly or indirectly modulated by arterial transmural pressure propagation. The light intensity across the tissue was modeled through a simple exponential decay (Beer-Lambert law) to analyze in vivo the modulation of the optical attenuation coefficient of the skin by arterial pulsation. The OCT transversal images were acquired from a forearm of three subjects in a pilot study. The results show that the optical attenuation coefficient of skin changes at the same frequency as the arterial pulsation due to transmural pressure propagation (local ballistographic effect), but we cannot discard the contribution of global ballistographic effects.


Asunto(s)
Piel , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Humanos , Proyectos Piloto , Piel/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos
2.
Phys Rev Lett ; 129(16): 163601, 2022 Oct 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36306773

RESUMEN

We present the measurement of entanglement between twin beams generated with a doubly resonant optical parameter oscillator (OPO) based on four-wave mixing in hot ^{85}Rb vapor above threshold. This is the first measurement of entanglement in an OPO with a χ^{(3)} media above threshold. We reconstruct the covariance matrix for several configurations and based on a full picture of the four side band mode state, we study entanglement between all possible bipartitions. We show a robust generation of entanglement with stronger generation for a specific pair of modes. For this system, we show that atomic density is a determinant factor for the generation and loss of quantum correlations. The generation of entangled fields with an atomic OPO operating close to atomic resonance of alkali atoms enables a natural integration into quantum networks.

3.
Eur J Appl Physiol ; 121(1): 297-306, 2021 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33057877

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: High altitude results in lower barometric pressure and hence partial pressure of O2 decrease can lead to several molecular and cellular changes, such as generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Electron Paramagnetic Resonance technique was adopted in the field, to evaluate the effects of acute and sub-acute hypobaric hypoxia (HH) on ROS production by micro-invasive method. Biological biomarkers, indicators of oxidative stress, renal function and inflammation were investigated too. METHODS: Fourteen lowlander subjects (mean age 27.3 ± 5.9 years) were exposed to HH at 3269 m s.l. ROS production, related oxidative damage to cellular components, systemic inflammatory response and renal function were determined through blood and urine profile performed at 1st, 2nd, 4th, 7th, and 14th days during sojourn. RESULTS: Kinetics of changes during HH exposition showed out significant (range p < 0.05-0.0001) increases that at max corresponds to 38% for ROS production rate, 140% for protein carbonyl, 44% for lipid peroxidation, 42% for DNA damage, 200% for inflammatory cytokines and modifications in renal function (assessed by neopterin concentration: 48%). Conversely, antioxidant capacity significantly (p < 0.0001) decreased - 17% at max. CONCLUSION: This 14 days in-field study describes changes of oxidative-stress biomarkers during HH exposure in lowlanders. The results show an overproduction of ROS and consequent oxidative damage to protein, lipids and DNA with a decrease in antioxidant capacity and the involvement of inflammatory status and a transient renal dysfunction. Exposure at high altitude induces a hypoxic condition during acute and sub-acute phases accompanied by molecular adaptation mechanism indicating acclimatization.


Asunto(s)
Mal de Altura/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo , Adulto , Mal de Altura/sangre , Mal de Altura/orina , Citocinas/sangre , Daño del ADN , Femenino , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Neopterin/orina , Carbonilación Proteica
4.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res ; 91(5-6): 411-418, 2021 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32639223

RESUMEN

Some epidemiological evidence suggests an inverse correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) frequency and vitamin D levels. Likewise, a beneficial effect of vitamin D on diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance has been observed, but this is an unsolved issue. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in a NAFLD Brazilian population and its association with disease severity and presence of comorbidities. In a cross-sectional study, the clinical, biochemical and histological parameters of 139 NAFLD patients were evaluated according to two different cut-off points of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (20 ng/mL and 30 ng/mL). The mean age of the population was 56 ± 16 years, most patients were female (83%), 72% had hypertension, 88% dyslipidemia, 46% DM, 98% central obesity, and 82% metabolic syndrome. Serum vitamin D levels were < 30 ng/mL in 78% of the patients, and < 20 ng/mL in 35%. The mean vitamin D level was 24.3 ± 6.8 ng/mL. The comparison between the clinical, biochemical and histological characteristics of the patients according to the levels of vitamin D showed no significant difference. Most patients with NAFLD had hypovitaminosis D, but low vitamin D levels were not related to disease severity and the presence of comorbidities.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico , Deficiencia de Vitamina D , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/epidemiología , Vitamina D , Deficiencia de Vitamina D/complicaciones , Deficiencia de Vitamina D/epidemiología , Vitaminas
5.
Phys Rev Lett ; 125(8): 083601, 2020 Aug 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32909800

RESUMEN

We present the first measurement of two-mode squeezing between the twin beams produced by a doubly resonant optical parameter oscillator (OPO) in an above threshold operation based on parametric amplification by nondegenerate four wave mixing with rubidium (^{85}Rb). We demonstrate a maximum intensity difference squeezing of -2.7 dB (-3.5 dB corrected for losses) with a pump power of 285 mW and an output power of 12 mW for each beam, operating close to the D1 line of Rb atoms. The use of open cavities combined with the high gain media can provide a strong level of noise compression and the access to new operation regimes that could not be explored by crystal based OPOs. The spectral bandwidth of the squeezed light is broadened by the cavity dynamics, and the squeezing level is robust for strong pump powers. Stable operation was obtained up to 4 times above the threshold. Moreover, operation of the OPO close to the atomic resonances of alkali atoms allows a natural integration into quantum networks, including structures such as quantum memories.

6.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 34(4 Suppl. 1): 47-55. SPECIAL ISSUE: OZONE THERAPY, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33176417

RESUMEN

This retrospective, observational, uncontrolled case series study was carried out to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of intramuscular paravertebral injections of an oxygen-ozone (O2-O3) mixture in patients with cervicobrachial pain. One hundred and sixty-eight subjects affected by cervicobrachial pain, referred to Ozone Therapy Unit at San Pietro Fatebenefratelli Hospital in Rome (Italy), were enrolled in the study. All the subjects (n=168, 106 females and 62 males) completed the treatment and the follow-up visits. Subjects received 12 cervical intramuscular injections of an O2-O3 mixture (5 mL) with an O3 concentration of 16 µg/mL once a week. The overall reduction of pain was measured by the change in mean of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score from baseline to the end of treatment and from baseline to one, two, three, four and five years of follow-up. Patient satisfaction was assessed at the end of treatment, by modified MacNab Questionnaire. Possible adverse events related to the treatment were recorded. The mean (± standard deviation) VAS pain score at baseline, at the end of treatment, and during the follow-up at one, two, three, four and five years were 7.82 (±1), 1.6 (±1.5), 1.5 (±1.4), 1.4 (±1.3), 1.6 (±1.2), 1.5 (±1.3) and 1.60 (±1.2), respectively, showing a significant reduction in pain over time (p<0.001). Of 156 patients who responded to treatment, 128 (82.05%) were pain free at one year, 110 (70.51%) at second year, 103 (66.02%) at third year, 94 (60.25%) at fourth year and 86 (55.12%) at fifth year follow-up visit. According to pain distribution all subjects showed a significant reduction in pain over time in each group (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed between groups. No serious adverse events were observed during the entire study. We suggest the use of intramuscular paravertebral injections of an oxygen-ozone (O2-O3) mixture in patients with cervicobrachial pain as an effective and safe treatment option to consider before surgical intervention.


Asunto(s)
Desplazamiento del Disco Intervertebral , Ozono , Femenino , Humanos , Italia , Masculino , Oxígeno , Dolor , Manejo del Dolor , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento
7.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 34(3): 757-766, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32462858

RESUMEN

The aim of the multicentre study promoted by Nuova FIO is to evaluate the beneficial effects of the systemic Oxygen-Ozone (O2O3) therapy in patients suffering from SARS COV-2 disease in the early phases of the disease, before worsening, up to the need of tracheal intubation. The study is based on the rationale on that the systemic oxygen-ozone treatment could be effective, positively influencing the disease evolution and/or being able to mitigate the onset of the cytokine storm syndrome at least partially.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Coronavirus/terapia , Oxígeno/uso terapéutico , Ozono/uso terapéutico , Neumonía Viral/terapia , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Humanos , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2
8.
Opt Lett ; 44(13): 3394-3397, 2019 Jul 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31259969

RESUMEN

Diode lasers are widely used in atomic physics given their narrow linewidth and wavelength tunability. Nevertheless, although they present low noise for their intensity, excessive noise in the phase limits their application in quantum optics. Looking for reduction of this phase noise, we built and characterized a ring laser, using a semiconductor-tapered amplifier as the gain medium. We were able to reduce the phase noise of a diode laser to a factor of 10 above shot-noise level, bringing it closer to a useful coherent state for applications in quantum information.

9.
Opt Lett ; 43(11): 2486-2489, 2018 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29856410

RESUMEN

We investigate the dynamics of a driven optical parametric oscillator under the injection of orbital angular momentum. The injected mode is adiabatically driven through arbitrary transformations on the Poincaré sphere of first-order paraxial beams. As a result, the down-converted beam conjugated to the seed is shown to follow a path imposed by a nontrivial symmetry on the Poincaré sphere. This symmetry allows controllable distinguishability between the spatial modes of the down-converted beams. In this Letter, we provide convincing experimental evidence of this effect.

10.
Phys Rev Lett ; 121(7): 073601, 2018 Aug 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30169057

RESUMEN

We demonstrate, theoretically and experimentally, the generation of hexapartite modal entanglement by the optical parametric oscillator (OPO) operating above the oscillation threshold. We show that the OPO generates a rich structure of entanglement among sets of six optical sideband modes interacting through the nonlinear crystal. The class of quantum states thus produced can be controlled by a single parameter, the power of the external laser that pumps the system. Our platform allows for the generation of massive entanglement among many optical modes with well defined but vastly different frequencies, potentially bridging nodes of a multicolor quantum network.

11.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol ; 52(6): 699-705, 2018 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29785716

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether sonographic diagnosis of fetal head position before instrumental vaginal delivery can reduce the risk of failed vacuum extraction and improve delivery outcome. METHODS: Randomised Italian Sonography for occiput POSition Trial Ante vacuum (R.I.S.POS.T.A.) is a randomized controlled trial of term (37 + 0 to 41 + 6 weeks' gestation) singleton pregnancies with cephalic presentation requiring instrumental delivery by vacuum extraction, which was conducted between April 2014 and June 2017 and involved 13 Italian maternity hospitals. Patients were randomized to assessment of fetal head position before attempted instrumental delivery by either vaginal examination (VE) alone or VE plus transabdominal sonography (TAS). Primary outcome was incidence of emergency Cesarean section due to failed vacuum extraction. A sample size of 653 women per group was planned to compare the primary outcome between the two groups. The sample size estimation was based on the hypothesis that the risk of failed vacuum delivery in the VE group would be 5% and that ultrasound assessment of fetal position prior to vacuum extraction would decrease this risk to 2%. RESULTS: On interim analysis, the trial was stopped for futility. During this period, 222 women were randomized and 221 were included in the final data analysis, of whom 132 (59.7%) were randomized to evaluation of fetal head position by VE only and 89 (40.3%) to assessment by VE plus TAS prior to vacuum extraction. No significant differences were observed between the two groups with respect to incidence of emergency Cesarean section due to failed instrumental delivery and other maternal and fetal outcomes. Women randomized to assessment by VE plus TAS showed higher incidence of non-occiput anterior position of the fetal head at randomization and lower incidence of incorrect diagnosis of occiput position compared with women undergoing assessment by VE alone. A higher rate of episiotomy was noted in the women undergoing both VE and TAS compared with those in the VE-only group. CONCLUSIONS: Our prematurely discontinued randomized controlled trial did not demonstrate any benefit in terms of reduced risk of failed instrumental delivery or maternal and fetal morbidity in women undergoing sonographic assessment of fetal head position prior to vacuum extraction. Copyright © 2018 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.


Asunto(s)
Cesárea/estadística & datos numéricos , Cabeza/diagnóstico por imagen , Extracción Obstétrica por Aspiración/efectos adversos , Adulto , Femenino , Examen Ginecologíco , Cabeza/embriología , Humanos , Presentación en Trabajo de Parto , Embarazo , Tercer Trimestre del Embarazo , Tamaño de la Muestra , Ultrasonografía Prenatal
12.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 32(2 Suppl. 1): 167-177, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29460537

RESUMEN

Larynx squamous cell carcinoma represents one of the most common head and neck cancers in the world. Herbal drugs are popularly emerging as complementary and alternative therapies in cancer because of their cost effectiveness and minimal side effects. The present study was undertaken to explore the anti-tumor potential of berberine, an isoquinolone present in the extract of Tinospora cordifolia in HEP2 human laryngeal cancer cell line. Besides, it was aimed to investigate whether berberine could enhance the anti-cancer effect of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin in HEP2. Our data seem to support a role for berberine in decreasing the expression of genes usually seen overexpressed in larynx squamous cell carcinoma and involved in pathways such as those of cell cycle and regulation, differentiation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, a down regulation of these genes caused by cisplatin or 5-fluorouracil, treatment of election in laryngeal cancers was enhanced by a 4h pre-treatment with berberine.


Asunto(s)
Berberina/farmacología , Cisplatino/farmacología , Fluorouracilo/farmacología , Neoplasias Laríngeas/tratamiento farmacológico , Línea Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patología
13.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 32(2 Suppl. 1): 179-183, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29460538

RESUMEN

Endocarditis is a cardiovascular disease caused by the inflammation of the inner tissues of the heart, the endocardium, usually of the valves. Bacteraemia is essential in the development of endocarditis, and there are some findings that the main pathogens of endocarditis are viridans group streptococci: Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Enterococcus faecalis. There is strong evidence that endocarditis bacteria are present in the tonsillar microbiota, so that tonsillar infection is associated with an increased risk of endocarditis. The aim of this manuscript is to investigate the presence of the main pathogens of endocarditis in tonsillar microbiota of an Afghan population group. A sample of 80 tonsil swabs were analyzed by quantitative real time PCR to detect endocarditis pathogens and an estimation of the total bacterial load. The median bacterial load in PCR reaction was 1.4x106 (interquartile range 4,7x105 - 2,9x106). Three species, S. Oralis, S. Sanguinis, and E. Faecalis were found in large amounts in all specimens. On the other hand, S. Mitis was never detected. The S. Aureus was found in 3 samples with a prevalence of 0.04 (C.I. 0.01-0.10). The S. Mutans was found in 33 samples with a prevalence of 0.41 (C.I. 0.31-0.52). Endocarditis bacteria has been found into the tonsillar microbiota, so there is sufficient evidence to justify that the oral cavity is a reservoir of endocarditis bacteria that can have a significant impact on the cardiovascular function.


Asunto(s)
Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Endocarditis/microbiología , Membrana Mucosa/microbiología , Tonsila Palatina/microbiología , Afganistán/epidemiología , Humanos , Staphylococcus aureus/aislamiento & purificación
14.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 32(2 Suppl. 1): 185-190, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29460539

RESUMEN

Some studies have evidenced the role of human polyomaviruses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. BK, JC and SV40 human polyoma viruses are widely recognized as etiological agents associated with malignancies. The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of BK, IC and SV40 in tonsillar microbiota in a group of Afghan volunteers. A sample of the tonsillar microbiota was taken from a single site using a sterile oral swab paper stick. A fixed volume of purified DNA from each sample was tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions to evaluate the number of human cells and the number of viral genomes in each sample. The cell number was evaluated via the quantification of a single copy genomic sequence, which is located in the HMBS locus. The median analyzed cell number in each reaction was 4343 (interquartile range 2074-8470). SV40 was never detected, while prevalence rate was 0.11 (C.I. 0.06-0.20) for BK and 0.10 (C.I. 0.05-0.19) for JC. Further studies are necessary to clarify whether polyomaviruses can be considered a risk factor of oral, oropharyngeal and laryngeal malignancies.


Asunto(s)
Tonsila Palatina/microbiología , Poliomavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Afganistán/epidemiología , Humanos , Infecciones por Polyomavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Polyomavirus/microbiología , Prevalencia , Virus 40 de los Simios/aislamiento & purificación
15.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 32(2 Suppl. 1): 143-147, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29460534

RESUMEN

Infective endocarditis is a devastating disease with high morbidity and mortality. The link to oral bacteria has been known for many decades and has caused ongoing concern for dentists, patients and cardiologists. The microbiota of the mouth is extremely diverse and more than 700 bacterial species have been detected. Half of them are uncultivable so far. Oral microbiota is not uniform, specific sites exist in the mouth such as tongue, palate, cheek, teeth and periodontal pockets that have their own microbiota. Factors involved in the development of a bacterial endocarditis are difficult to define but a vulnerable surface (i.e. a damaged endocardium) and a high bacterial load in the blood seems to be decisive. The cause of microorganisms, in 90% of cases, are staphylococcus, streptococcus and enterococcus. Oral streptococci belong to viridans group (streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguis). As they are part of dental plaque, they could enter the bloodstream causing bacteraemia through daily habits like chewing or tooth brushing. Effective treatment of periodontal infections is important to reduce local inflammation and bacteraemia. In addition, poor periodontal health appears to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, and preterm and low birth weight. CONCLUSIONS: Long-standing oral disease prevention protocols reduce the risk of developing periodontal disease. Data suggests that methods used to prevent cases of IE that originate from oral bacteria should focus on improving oral hygiene and reducing or eliminating gingivitis, which should reduce the incidence of bacteraemia after tooth-brushing and the need to extract teeth owing to periodontal disease and caries.


Asunto(s)
Endocarditis Bacteriana/etiología , Enfermedades Periodontales/complicaciones , Placa Dental/complicaciones , Placa Dental/microbiología , Endocarditis Bacteriana/microbiología , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Enfermedades Periodontales/microbiología
16.
J Prev Med Hyg ; 58(1): E48-E52, 2017 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28515631

RESUMEN

AIMS: We investigated the effectiveness of ozone (aqueous and gaseous) treatment as an alternative sanitizing technology to common conventional disinfectants in reducing the microbial contamination of both water and air. METHODS: Ozone was added for 20 minutes to a well-defined volume of water and air by the system named "Ozonomatic®". The effectiveness of ozonation was determined by counting CFU/ m3 or ml of bacteria present in samples of air or water collected before (T0) and after (T1) the addition of ozone and comparing the microbial load of different bacteria present in ozonized and nonozonized samples. RESULTS: When the ozonisation equipment was located at 30 cm from the surface of the water in the bath tub in which the bacteria investigated were inoculated, the treatment was able to reduce the total microbial load present in the aerosol by 70.4% at a temperature of 36°C for 48 hours. Conversely, at 22°C for 5 days, only a modest decrease (9.1%) was observed. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were completely eliminated. A 93.9% reduction was observed for Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Streptococcus faecalis (25.9%). The addition of ozone to water was able to almost eliminate Staphylococcus aureus (98.9% reduction) and also to exert a strong impact on Legionella pneumophila (87.5% reduction). Streptococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed a decrease of 64.2% and 57.4%, respectively. Conversely, only a 26.4% reduction was observed for the bacterium Escherichia coli. This study showed that the addition of ozone in the air exerted a modest reduction on microbial load at 36°C, whereas no effect was observed at 22°C. CONCLUSIONS: Aqueous and gaseous ozone treatments were effective against microbial contaminants, reducing the CFU of the microorganisms studied. These results confirm the efficacy of the ozone disinfection treatment of both water and air; particularly, it constitutes an extremely promising alternative, allowing the possibility to reuse contaminated water.


Asunto(s)
Microbiología del Aire , Desinfectantes/farmacología , Desinfección/instrumentación , Ozono/farmacología , Microbiología del Agua , Agua/farmacología , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Enterococcus faecalis/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Legionella pneumophila/efectos de los fármacos , Penicillium/efectos de los fármacos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos
17.
Epidemiol Infect ; 144(12): 2641-7, 2016 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27267944

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological profile of HPV oropharyngeal infections in HIV-infected men who have sex with men. A total of 135 subjects were enrolled at the L. Sacco University Hospital (Milan, Italy) to evaluate their HPV oropharyngeal infection status at baseline and at a follow-up visit at least 12 months later. HPV DNA was detected from oropharyngeal swabs using an in-house nested PCR that amplifies a segment of the L1 gene. The PCR products were then sequenced and genotyped. A greater percentage of high-risk genotypes was identified compared to low-risk genotypes (13·7% vs. 6·9%, P < 0·05), and two uncommon alpha-HPV genotypes were detected, i.e. HPV-102 and HPV-114. HPV infection prevalence was 24·4% and the cumulative incidence was 24·1%. During the follow-up period, one case of HPV infection (HPV-33) persisted, while the overall rate of infection clearance was 58·3%. HPV oropharyngeal infection was widespread in the cohort examined, and most of the infections were transient and cleared within 12 months. These results may help to clarify the role of HPV in the oropharynx and may also improve our understanding of the need to implement preventive strategies in at-risk populations.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Homosexualidad Masculina , Orofaringe/virología , Papillomaviridae/genética , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Mucosa Respiratoria/virología , Adulto , Anciano , Genotipo , Infecciones por VIH/virología , Humanos , Incidencia , Italia/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Prevalencia , Adulto Joven
18.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 30(2 Suppl 1): 149-54, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27469562

RESUMEN

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mean bacterial load of some periodontal pathogenic bacteria in Italian patients affected by chronic periodontitis. The sample consisted of 1,762 patients with a clinical diagnosis of chronic periodontitis based on the criteria of the American Academy of Periodontology sampled in the period 2013-2015; 1,323 patients were from Northern Italy, 317 from Central Italy and 122 from Southern Italy. Samples for microbiological analysis were collected from the four sites of the greatest probing depth in each patient and then processed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Periodontal pathogens have the following percentage respect to total bacteria load: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans 0.1%, Campylobacter rectus 2%, Fusobacterium nucleatum 8%, Porphyromonas gingivalis 6%, Treponema denticola 2% and Tannerella forsythia 1.5%. There are significant differences in bacterial load among the different geographical areas both for the total bacterial and for the single species. The results of our study in this Italian population showed that a different geographic distribution exists among periodontal pathogens. We hypothesize that these differences in bacterial load could be related to genetic and environmental factors. Additional studies are necessary to confirm these data and to get more insight on additional factors, which may play a role in periodontal pathogens in different geographic areas.


Asunto(s)
Carga Bacteriana , Periodontitis Crónica/microbiología , Periodontitis Crónica/epidemiología , Humanos , Italia/epidemiología
19.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 30(2 Suppl 1): 135-41, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27469560

RESUMEN

Periodontal diseases (PD) affect about half of the adult population all over the world. PD is caused by bacterial infection which induces an inflammatory response with progressive destruction of the periodontal tissues and finally the loss of teeth. Tobacco smoking (TS), alcohol consumption, and systemic diseases (SDs), such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, respiratory diseases, osteoporosis, malnutrition and stress, are considered additional risk factors. This short review examines the potential causal association between PD, TS and SDs. There is strong evidence that PD is associated with an increased risk of SDs. In addition, many patients with SDs are also affected by PD, which can be mild or severe, and tobacco smokers manifest a greater risk of developing PD. The aim of this manuscript is to investigate the effects of periodontal therapy on the management of SDs and influence of TS on PD. This manuscript includes many randomized controlled trials and reviews to test the effects of different periodontal therapies for patients with SDs. A definite conclusion on the relationship between PD and SDs is lacking, however, there is sufficient evidence to justify periodontal treatment to prevent SDs; in fact, PD is prevalent in the middle-aged population and can have a significant impact on systemic health.


Asunto(s)
Nicotiana , Enfermedades Periodontales/complicaciones , Enfermedades Periodontales/terapia , Prevención Primaria/métodos , Fumar/efectos adversos , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/complicaciones , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/prevención & control , Odontólogos , Diabetes Mellitus/prevención & control , Humanos , Enfermedades Periodontales/etiología , Factores de Riesgo , Fumadores
20.
Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol ; 21(3): 246-55, 2016 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26413928

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Pacemaker with remote monitoring (PRM) may be useful for silent atrial fibrillation (AF) detection. The aims of this study were to evaluate the incidence of silent AF, the role of PRM, and to determine predictors of silent AF occurrence. METHODS: Three hundred elderly patients with permanent pacemaker (PPM) were randomly assigned to the remote group (RG) or control group (CG). All patients received PPM with remote monitoring capabilities. Primary end point was AF occurrence rate and the secondary end points were time to AF detection and number of days with AF. RESULTS: During the average follow-up of 15.7±7.7 months, AF episodes were detected in 21.6% (RG = 24% vs CG = 19.3%, P = 0.36]. There was no difference in the time to detect the first AF episode. However, the median time to detect AF recurrence in the RG was lower than that in the CG (54 days vs 100 days, P = 0.004). The average number of days with AF was 16.0 and 51.2 in the RG and CG, respectively (P = 0.028). Predictors of silent AF were left atrial diameter (odds ratio [OR] 1.2; 95% CI = 1.1-1.3; P < 0.001) and diastolic dysfunction (OR 4.8; 95% CI = 1.6-14.0; P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of silent AF is high in elderly patients with pacemaker; left atrial diameter and diastolic dysfunction were predictors of its occurrence. AF monitoring by means of pacemaker is a valuable tool for silent AF detection and continuous remote monitoring allows early AF recurrence detection and reduces the number of days with AF.


Asunto(s)
Fibrilación Atrial/diagnóstico , Fibrilación Atrial/fisiopatología , Monitoreo Fisiológico/métodos , Marcapaso Artificial , Anciano , Electrocardiografía , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA