RESUMEN
Obesity is a multifactorial pathophysiological condition with an imbalance in biochemical, immunochemical, redox status and genetic parameters values. We aimed to estimate the connection between relative leucocyte telomere lengths (rLTL) - biomarker of cellular ageing with metabolic and redox status biomarkers values in a group of obese and lean children. The study includes 110 obese and 42 lean children and adolescents, both sexes. The results suggested that rLTL are significantly shorter in obese, compared with lean group (P < 0·01). Negative correlation of rLTL with total oxidant status (TOS) (Spearman's ρ = -0·365, P < 0·001) as well as with C-reactive protein (Spearman's ρ = -0·363, P < 0·001) were observed. Principal component analysis (PCA) extracted three distinct factors (i.e. principal components) entitled as: prooxidant factor with 35 % of total variability; antioxidant factor with 30 % of total variability and lipid antioxidant - biological ageing factor with 12 % of the total variability. The most important predictor of BMI > 30 kg/m2 according to logistic regression analysis was PCA-derived antioxidant factor's score (OR: 1·66, 95th Cl 1·05-2·6, P = 0·029). PCA analysis confirmed that oxidative stress importance in biological ageing is caused by obesity and its multiple consequences related to prooxidants augmentation and antioxidants exhaustion and gave us clear signs of disturbed cellular homoeostasis deepness, even before any overt disease occurrence.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Biomarcadores , Leucocitos , Estrés Oxidativo , Obesidad Infantil , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Niño , Obesidad Infantil/metabolismo , Adolescente , Leucocitos/metabolismo , Índice de Masa Corporal , Telómero , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Proteína C-Reactiva/análisis , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Análisis de Componente Principal , Acortamiento del TelómeroRESUMEN
BACKGROUND New renal biomarkers such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) show promise in early diagnosis of contrast media induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). The purpose of our study was to compare the subclinical nephrotoxicity (a condition without changes in standard renal biomarkers) of gadolinium-based contrast media (Gd-DTPA, gadopentetate dimeglumine) and iodinated-based contrast media (iopromide) in pediatric patients with normal kidney function. MATERIAL AND METHODS The first group (n=58) of patients included in the study were undergoing angiography with iopromide, and the second group (n=65) were undergoing magnetic resonance (MR) angiography/urography with Gd-DTPA administration. The concentrations of NGAL and KIM-1 were measured four times in the urine (pre-contrast, then at four hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours after contrast administration), and serum NGAL was measured at 0 (baseline), 24 hours, and 48 hours after contrast exposure. RESULTS After 24 hours, serum NGAL increase of ≥25% was noticed in 32.6% of the patients in the iopromide group and in 25.45% of the patients in the gadolinium group, with significantly higher average percent of this increase in first group (62.23% vs. 36.44%, p=0.002). In the Gd-DTPA group, we observed a statistically significant increase in urinary KIM-1 24 hours after the procedure. Normalized urinary KIM-1, 24 hours after contrast exposure, was a better predictive factor for CI-AKI than other biomarkers (AUC 0.757, cut off 214 pg/mg, sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 54.2%, p=0.035). CONCLUSIONS In children with normal renal function, exposure to iodinated-based and gadolinium-based media might lead to subclinical nephrotoxicity, which could be detected using serum NGAL and urinary KIM-1.
Asunto(s)
Lesión Renal Aguda/inducido químicamente , Medios de Contraste/efectos adversos , Gadolinio DTPA/efectos adversos , Receptor Celular 1 del Virus de la Hepatitis A/metabolismo , Yohexol/análogos & derivados , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Lipocalina 2/sangre , Lesión Renal Aguda/sangre , Lesión Renal Aguda/orina , Adolescente , Biomarcadores/sangre , Biomarcadores/orina , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Niño , Preescolar , Creatinina/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Yohexol/efectos adversos , MasculinoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to determine the effects of carvedilol adjunct to standard treatment on left ventricular function (LVF), estimated as ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) on echocardiography, in children with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). A secondary end point was to characterize the antioxidant potential of carvedilol. METHODS: Hospitalized children aged
Asunto(s)
Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapéutico , Carbazoles/uso terapéutico , Cardiomiopatía Dilatada/tratamiento farmacológico , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Propanolaminas/uso terapéutico , Función Ventricular Izquierda/efectos de los fármacos , Administración Oral , Adolescente , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/administración & dosificación , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Carbazoles/administración & dosificación , Cardiomiopatía Dilatada/sangre , Cardiomiopatía Dilatada/fisiopatología , Carvedilol , Catalasa/sangre , Niño , Preescolar , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Glutatión Peroxidasa/sangre , Glutatión Reductasa/sangre , Frecuencia Cardíaca/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Propanolaminas/administración & dosificación , Estudios Prospectivos , Volumen Sistólico/efectos de los fármacos , Superóxido Dismutasa/sangre , Resultado del Tratamiento , Función Ventricular Izquierda/fisiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Prediabetes is characterized by isolated impaired fasting glucose (IFG), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and combined IFG/IGT. This study aimed to establish the prevalence of prediabetes and examine possible contributory factors in a cohort of obese adolescents. METHODS: In this prospective study, we recruited 85 obese patients from the Obesity Clinic at the University Children's Hospital and 17 normal weight controls. All patients were of Caucasian origin, 60 males/42 females, aged 7.4-18.3 years, with at least Tanner 2 stage of puberty. RESULTS: Depending on criteria we used, insulin resistance was confirmed in 62-100% of obese patients, predominantly in the group with BMI SDS > 3. oGTT revealed isolated impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in 13.9%, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in 20.8% and combined IFG and IGT only in 2.8% of the obese patients. Patients in the prediabetes group were older (14±2.4 vs 12.8±2.5 p=0.04) and had higher glucose levels (p<0.001) during the whole oGTT compared to normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group. There was no difference between groups in respect to family history, BMI, lipids and fasting insulin. Insulinogenic index, WBISI and HOMA%B were significantly lower in the prediabetes group compared to the NGT group (p=0.07, 0.01 and 0.04 respectively). HbA1c level was measured in 58% of patients and was significantly higher in the prediabetes group (5.4±0.3 vs 5.7±0.4, p=0.002). CONCLUSION: Prediabetes occurrence was fairly high in our obese adolescents. Further studies should establish what would be the most appropriate screening test to diagnose these patients at risk for type 2 diabetes and initiate treatment without delay.