Cerebral Vasculitis Revealing Systemic Sarcoidosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Vasculitis in neurosarcoidosis is rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature. We report the clinical observation of a 51-year-old patient with no previous medical history, who was admitted to the emergency department due to sudden onset confusion, fever, sweating, weakness, and headaches. The first brain scan was normal, but a further biological exam with a lumbar puncture revealed lymphocytic meningitis. A complementary cerebral MRI revealed abnormalities in the white matter signal, suggestive of multiple sclerosis, with petechial hemorrhagic foci associated with leptomeningeal involvement and cerebral vasculitis. Thoraco-abdomino-pelvic computed tomography revealed hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, as well as lymph nodes in the lower cervical region. A biopsy of the lymph nodes confirmed the presence of non-caseating granulomatous inflammation consistent with sarcoidosis. High-dose corticosteroid therapy was initiated with good clinical outcomes. Cerebral vasculitis in neurosarcoidosis is rare but can lead to neurological complications requiring long-term multidisciplinary management.

Migration of a bladder diverticulum stone into the rectum revealing an advanced rectal process.

Rectovesical fistulas are rare and typically result from inflammatory or neoplastic conditions in the small pelvis. They occur within a pelvic region that has been altered by local inflammatory or neoplastic processes. This explains the challenges in detecting these fistulas using conventional imaging techniques, despite the effectiveness of CT and MRI. Colonic diverticulosis is the primary cause of colovesical fistulas. To date, there have been no reported cases of a rectovesical fistula associated with a bladder diverticulum in the literature. We present a case of a patient who presented with a large stone within a bladder diverticulum. The migration of this stone into the rectum revealed an advanced rectal tumor. The unique aspect of our case is primarily the presence of a rectovesical fistula arising from a lateral bladder diverticulum. Additionally, we observed the migration of the diverticular calculus from the bladder to the rectum.

Laryngeal tuberculosis: about 04 cases.

The purpose of this study is to present epidemiological, clinical, radiological, histological characteristics and treatment of laryngeal tuberculosis. It is also aimed at making the point about diagnosis difficulties. This retrospective study was conducted over three years; it concerned 4 cases, 3 males and one female. The average age was 35 years. Three of the 4 cases have had a cervical CT scan. All patients have had a laryngoscopy with biopsy and anatomopathological study. The onset modes of the disease have been progressive for all the patients. Topographical study has shown two epiglottic locations, one at the vocal cords and the other one at the posterior commissure. The diagnosis was orientated in the 3 cases by the CT scan and confirmed by anatomopathological exam in all cases. All patients have received anti-TB drugs with good evolution. The laryngeal location of tuberculosis is unusual. The clinical picture is nonspecific, raising the issue of differential diagnosis with tumor pathology. Sectional imaging and CT scan can guide the diagnosis and a positive diagnosis is often discovered on the occasion of a tumor biopsy of a pseudo-tumor lesion. Treatment is based on anti-TB drugs.

Hepatic Metastasis Revealing a Melanoma of the Penis: Case Report.

Melanoma of the penis is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis. We report the case of a 73-year-old patient with no significant medical history, admitted for deterioration of the general condition and bilateral inguinal lymph nodes. An abdominal ultrasound and thoraco-abdomino-pelvic CT (computed tomography) scan revealed metastatic liver nodules, the tumoral nature of which was confirmed by an anatomopathological examination. Further clinical examination revealed papular and ulcerated lesions of the penis located at the urethral meatus and glans penis. These lesions were biopsied and histologically assessed as melanoma. The contribution of imaging in penile tumors is generally not useful for diagnosis as clinical examination is key. However, it has its place in the assessment of locoregional and distant extension. In our case, it was the distant lesions that helped orient the diagnosis. The patient underwent immunotherapical treatment and is still alive 19 months after the diagnosis.

Lipoma with Agenesis of Corpus Callosum: 2 Case Reports and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND: Intracranial lipomas are extremely rare fat-containing lesions, comprising 0.1-0.5% of all primary brain tumors. Lipoma of corpus callosum, the commonest variety of all intracranial lipomas (40%-50%), is associated with varying degrees of dysgenesis of corpus callosum and generally remains asymptomatic. CASE DESCRIPTION: In this study, we report 2 cases of pericallosal lipomas admitted with seizures and discuss the clinical and radiologic findings in light of the literature. CONCLUSIONS: Lipomas of the corpus callosum are rare, fat-containing asymptomatic lesions, mostly associated with dysgenesis of the corpus callosum. Diagnosis accidentally occurs during diagnostic procedures in case of an encephalic disorder. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most useful modality for a differential diagnosis. Prognosis and symptoms depend on associated malformations. Surgical treatment is mostly not indicated and should be avoided.

Pharyngeal tuberculosis: Report of 5 cases. / Tuberculosis faríngea: 5 casos clínicos.

Tuberculosis is a public health problem for many countries, whether rich or poor. Extranodal ENT locations are rare, and it prevails in the cavum in the pharyngeal region. Based on a 3-year retrospective study of 5 clinical cases, the authors aim to highlight the epidemiological, clinical, radiological, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of this disease. Clinical aspects are not specific and there is often confusion in the differential diagnosis with tumoral lesions. Positive diagnosis is guided by the clinical and the radiological findings, and confirmed by histology.

An unusual intracranial metallic foreign bodies and panhypopituitarism.

A 49 years old man, with a history of aggression at the age of 18 years by a pair of scissors, who consulted for unilateral migraine headaches look straight. Paraclinical explorations concluded that trauma to anterior pituitary by a metallic foreign body from the right nostril to the sella, responsible for panhypopituitarism and sinusitis. The headaches are frequent causes of consultation, often treated symptomatically but rarely explored. The direct trauma to the pituitary gland, by a metallic foreign body, is exceptional. We report the case of neglected panhypopituitarism, discovered 31 years after injury with a pair of scissors.

Hydatid cyst of the pericardium: a case report.

Pericardial hydatid cystis a rare condition; its clinical presentation is variable. It can reveal straightaway at the stage of life threatening complications. We report the case of a 17 years old female Arab patient, who complained of a sudden onset dyspnea, clinical examination was poor; the diagnosis was suspected by echocardiography and confirmed by the CT scan and hydatid serology. Furthermore, no other location was noted. Surgical treatmentwas proposed. The modern cross-sectional imaging especially CT scan and MRI revolutionized the diagnosis of this rare hydatid location.

Spinal hydatidosis mimicking Guillain Barre syndrome: in case of doubt there is no rush to perform lumbar puncture.

Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) is a challenging pathology which diagnosis is based essentially on the clinical examination and the results of lumbar puncture. Differential diagnosis must be discussed if the clinical picture is not complete. We present the case of a patient who presented to the emergency department with symptoms evoking both GBS and spinal cord compression. The Radiology showed a diffused spinal hydatidosis. The lumbar puncture must be carefully considered. In this case, it would have exposed the patient to hydatid dissemination.

Renal vein thrombosis in the post-partum period: a case report.

INTRODUCTION: Physiological hypercoagulability is a known condition in pregnancy designed to limit the risk of bleeding; it may exceptionally be complicated by thrombosis of the renal vein. To the best of our knowledge, this is the third case of renal venous infarction reported in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 43-year-old Caucasian woman, a mother of three sons who presented with left flank pain and hematuria. The clinical investigations did not find any other cause for her thrombophilia. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical onset is not specific, so it is important to evoke the diagnosis in the context of pregnancy; computed tomography angiography is the investigation of choice to set the diagnosis. It is important to know that anticoagulation therapy must be initiated as soon as possible.

Tuberculosis faríngea: 5 casos clínicos / Pharyngeal tuberculosis: Report of 5 cases

La pandemia tuberculosa supone un problema de salud pública para muchos países, ya sean ricos o pobres. Su localización ORL extraganglionar es poco frecuente, y en la región faríngea predomina en el cavum. En un estudio retrospectivo sobre 3 años, se intentan poner de relieve, a través de 5 casos clínicos de tuberculosis faríngea, los aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, radiológicos, terapéuticos y pronósticos de esta enfermedad. Sus aspectos clínicos no son específicos, y suelen prestarse a confusión con afección tumoral. El diagnóstico positivo se orienta por los datos clínicos y radiológicos y se confirma por anatomopatología (AU)

Tuberculosis is a public health problem for many countries, whether rich or poor. Extranodal ENT locations are rare, and it prevails in the cavum in the pharyngeal region. Based on a 3-year retrospective study of 5 clinical cases, the authors aim to highlight the epidemiological, clinical, radiological, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of this disease. Clinical aspects are not specific and there is often confusion in the differential diagnosis with tumoral lesions. Positive diagnosis is guided by the clinical and the radiological findings, and confirmed by histology (AU)