RESUMEN
Increasing interest in constituents and dietary supplements has created the need for more efficient use of this information in nutrition-related fields. The present work aims to obtain optimal models to predict the total antioxidant properties of food matrices, using available information on the amount and class of flavonoids present in vegetables. A new dataset using databases that collect the flavonoid content of selected foods has been created. Structural information was obtained using a structural-topological approach called TOPological Sub-Structural Molecular (TOPSMODE). Different artificial intelligence algorithms were applied, including Machine Learning (ML) methods. The study allowed us to demonstrate the effectiveness of the models using structural-topological characteristics of dietary flavonoids. The proposed models can be considered, without overfitting, effective in predicting new values of Oxygen Radical Absorption capacity (ORAC), except in the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) algorithm. The best optimal model was obtained by the Random Forest (RF) algorithm. The in silico methodology we developed allows us to confirm the effectiveness of the obtained models, by introducing the new structural-topological attributes, as well as selecting those that most influence the class variable.
RESUMEN
El objetivo de este trabajo fue emplear endosporas de Bacillus subtilis con actividad probiótica sobre indicadores fermentativos en órganos digestivos e inmunológicos de pollos de engorde. Se estudiaron tres cepas de B. subtilis obtenidos en trabajos previos (C-31, C-34 y E-44). Las tres cepas resistieron condiciones de pH ácido y sobrevivieron a la presencia de sales biliares. La cepa E-44 tuvo mayor capacidad de crecimiento y producción de endosporas, escogiéndose para la realización de los estudios posteriores. Se realizó un experimento con pollos de engorde y tres tratamientos con endosporas: control sin endosporas; baja dosis con 1,0x10(6); dosis media con 1,0x10(7) y dosis alta con 1,0x10(8) UFC.mL-1.kg de alimento. En el ciego de los pollos, la cepa E-44 a la dosis alta produjo mayor acidez y mayores contenidos de ácidos láctico, butírico, propiónico, acético y ácidos grasos de cadena corta totales. El peso relativo de la bolsa de Fabricio y el bazo, así como la inhibición de la hemaglutinación, fueron mayores en los animales que recibieron endosporas con la dosis media a los 42 días. Se concluye que se produjo una mejoría en la respuesta del sistema inmune de los pollos con el empleo del cultivo de endosporas de B. subtilis E-44 evaluado.
The aim of this study was the use of endospores of Bacillus subtilis with probiotic activity on fermentative indicators in digestive and immune organs of broilers. Three B. subtilis strains isolated from previous studies (C-31, C-34 and E-44) were used. The three strains resisted acid pH conditions and survived the presence of bile salts. E-44 strain had greater capacity for growth and endospore production was chosen to carry out further studies. An experiment with broilers and three treatments were performed with endospores at different concentrations administered with food. Control: without endospores; low dose: 1.0x10(6); medium and high dose 1.0x10(7) and 1.0x10(8) CFU/mL per Kg of food respectively. Results showed that strain E-44 at high dose, in the ceca of the chickens produced higher acidity and higher content of lactic, butyric, propionic, acetic and total short chain fatty acids. The relative weight of the bursa of Fabricius and spleen, as well as hemagglutination inhibition, after 42 days of treatment, were greater in animals receiving endospores at the medium dose. We concluded that there was an improvement in the immune response of chickens with the use of endospores of B. subtilis E-44 strain at the given dose.