RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the value of laboratory indexes in the differential diagnosis of Henoch-Schoenlein purpura (HSP). METHODS: Patients with HSP hospitalized at the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine between January 2010 and December 2014 were enrolled in this prospective study. In addition, septic patients with rash and patients with urticaria, simple hematuria, and acute appendicitis hospitalized during the same period were selected at random as differential diagnosis subjects, and healthy children were selected as normal controls. The levels of IgA, Ddimer, fibrinogen (FIB), and platelet (PLT) and the platelet distribution width (PDW) of these individuals were tested and analyzed, and the ROC curve was used to determine the applicability of these indexes to differentiate between patients with HSP and other diseases easily confused with HSP, as well as to determine the efficacy of combined diagnosis. RESULTS: There were remarkable differences in the levels of FIB, Ddimer, IgA, PLT, and PDW among patients with HSP, sepsis patients with rash, patients with urticaria, simple hematuria, or acute appendicitis and healthy children (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The levels of IgA, Ddimer, and PLT can be applied separately for the differential diagnosis of HSP, and these indexes and FIB can be combined appropriately to improve the diagnostic efficacy.
Asunto(s)
Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/métodos , Vasculitis por IgA/sangre , Vasculitis por IgA/diagnóstico , Mediadores de Inflamación/sangre , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Biomarcadores/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Fosfoproteínas , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
Avian influenza associated with H9N2 and H5N1 subtypes of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) has raised great concerns in China. To study this problem, reverse genetics has been employed. Three reassortants, rgH9N2, rgH5N1 and rgH5N2, were prepared and compared. Their hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes originated from Chinese AIV isolates of H9N2 or H5N1 subtype, while the rest of their genes were derived from A/WSN/33(H1N1) virus (WSN). In the H5 HA reassortants, the multibasic cleavage site was converted to a monobasic one. The results demonstrated that the reassortants did not produce CPE on MDCK cells in the absence of trypsin, showed egg-adaptation phenotype and stability of HA and NA during consecutive egg passages, and were not lethal to chickens and mice. However, the rgH5N1 reassortant exhibited a residual virulence in terms of lethality to chick embryos and pathogenesis in chickens. It can be concluded that (i) the genetic modification of H5 HA attenuated the H5 reassortants, (ii) the presence of internal WSN proteins contributed to the attenuated properties of the reassortants independently on H5 HA, and (iii) also the overall genome composition contributed to virulence differences. This report provides further contribution of reverse genetics to the knowledge of virulence of influenza viruses.
Asunto(s)
Glicoproteínas Hemaglutininas del Virus de la Influenza/genética , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/patogenicidad , Subtipo H5N2 del Virus de la Influenza A/patogenicidad , Subtipo H9N2 del Virus de la Influenza A/patogenicidad , Virus Reordenados/patogenicidad , Animales , Línea Celular , Embrión de Pollo , Pollos , Efecto Citopatogénico Viral , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Perros , Glicoproteínas Hemaglutininas del Virus de la Influenza/química , Humanos , Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/crecimiento & desarrollo , Subtipo H5N2 del Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Subtipo H9N2 del Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Subtipo H9N2 del Virus de la Influenza A/crecimiento & desarrollo , Gripe Aviar/virología , Gripe Humana/virología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Neuraminidasa/genética , Virus Reordenados/genética , Proteínas Virales/genética , Virulencia/genéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to observe the duration of inhaling and exhaling as well as the inhalation to exhalation conversion in patients with lung cancer and experimental dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recorded lung and tumor respiratory motion with X-ray camera, in five patients with lung cancer as well as in five experimental dogs. We made random observation of breathing cycle inhalation duration, exhalation duration, and inhalation to exhalation conversion within each lung cancer patients and within each of the five animals. RESULTS: Respiratory inhalation duration of each dog and human > exhalation duration > exhale to inhale conversion length > inhalation to exhalation conversion length. During the four breathing cycles, the total respiratory duration differs, and the length of the same breathing phase is inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS: The measurement of early stage breathing duration cannot be representative of breathing duration of the late stage. Radiation treatment planning system based on the pre-computed tomography scanning on the basis of early stage, there will be some radiation dose errors.