RESUMEN
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequently diagnosed primary central nervous system tumor in adults. Despite the standard of care therapy, which includes surgical resection, temozolomide chemotherapy, radiation and the newly added tumor-treating fields, median survival remains only â¼20 months. Unfortunately, GBM has a â¼100% recurrence rate, but after recurrence there are no Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies to limit tumor growth and enhance patient survival, as these tumors are resistant to temozolomide (TMZ). Recently, our laboratory reported that lucanthone slows GBM by inhibiting autophagic flux through lysosome targeting and decreases the number of Olig2+ glioma stem-like cells (GSC) in vitro and in vivo. We now additionally report that lucanthone efficiently abates stemness in patient-derived GSC and reduces tumor microtube formation in GSC, an emerging hallmark of treatment resistance in GBM. In glioma tumors derived from cells with acquired resistance to TMZ, lucanthone retains the ability to perturb tumor growth, inhibits autophagy by targeting lysosomes, and reduces Olig2 positivity. We also find that lucanthone may act as an inhibitor of palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1. Our results suggest that lucanthone may function as a potential treatment option for GBM tumors that are not amenable to TMZ treatment. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We report that the antischistosome agent lucanthone impedes tumor growth in a preclinical model of temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma and reduces the numbers of stem-like glioma cells. In addition, it acts as an autophagy inhibitor, and its mechanism of action may be via inhibition of palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1. As there are no defined therapies approved for recurrent, TMZ-resistant tumor, lucanthone could emerge as a treatment for glioblastoma tumors that may not be amenable to TMZ both in the newly diagnosed and recurrent settings.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas , Glioblastoma , Glioma , Lucantona , Humanos , Temozolomida/farmacología , Temozolomida/uso terapéutico , Glioblastoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Glioblastoma/metabolismo , Lucantona/farmacología , Lucantona/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/tratamiento farmacológico , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Glioma/tratamiento farmacológico , Glioma/patología , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/uso terapéutico , Proteínas de la Membrana , Tioléster HidrolasasRESUMEN
Zinc tungstate is a semiconductor known for its favorable photocatalytic, photoluminescence, and scintillation properties, coupled with its relatively low cost, reduced toxicity, and high stability in biological and catalytic environments. In particular, zinc tungstate evinces scintillation properties, namely the ability to emit visible light upon absorption of energetic radiation such as x rays, which has led to applications not only as radiation detectors but also for biomedical applications involving the delivery of optical light to deep tissue, such as photodynamic therapy and optogenetics. Here, we report on the synthesis of zinc tungstate nanorods generated via an optimized but facile method, which allows for synthetic control over the aspect ratio of the as-synthesized anisotropic motifs via rational variation of the solution pH. We investigate the effect of aspect ratio on their resulting photoluminescent and radioluminescent properties. We further demonstrate the potential of these zinc tungstate nanorods for biomedical applications, such as photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment, by analyzing their toxicological profile within cell lines and neurons.