Bio-ceramics application in Dentistry.

Bioceramics have gained significant attention in dentistry due to their unique properties, including biocompatibility, osseointegration, and tissue regeneration. Therefore, it is of interest to report the various applications of bioceramics in dentistry, their advantages, limitations, and future considerations. Bio-ceramics such as zirconia and hydroxyapatite offer high biocompatibility and durability for dental application. They support bone integration for implants, resist wear, and mimic natural tooth aesthetics. Used in crowns, bridges, and fillings, bio-ceramics enhance healing and are pivotal in restorative and reconstructive dental procedures.

Comparative Evaluation of Cutting Efficiency of Three File Systems-Kedo-SH Manual, Pedoflex Rotary, and Manual K File: An In Vitro Study.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to comparatively evaluate the cutting efficiency of Pedoflex rotary, Kedo SH manual file, and manual K file systems used in root canal instrumentation while performing pulp therapy of deciduous teeth with a stereomicroscope. Materials and Methods: Forty-five extracted primary human root canals were chosen, and following the removal of pulp tissue, the canals were dyed with Indian ink and left to dry for 2 h. The samples were randomly divided into three groups, Group A: Kedo SH manual file system (n = 15), Group B: Pedoflex rotary file system (n = 15), and Group C: Manual K files (n = 15). After root canal instrumentation, all the root canals were cleared to make them transparent. The teeth after clearing were observed under stereomicroscope and scored according to the amount of dye present in the root canals. The data were tabulated and statistically analyzed with SPSS version 16 using Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and Dunn's test (post-hoc). Results: With regards to cutting efficiency, there was a statistically noteworthy difference among groups A and C [P = 0.000] and groups B and C [P = 0.000]. Furthermore, groups A and B did not differ statistically significantly [P = 0.950]. Conclusions: Cutting efficacy of the Pedoflex rotary files was seen to be superior to that of Kedo SH and manual K files. Clinical Significance: Rotary files in deciduous teeth have various benefits over manual files, resulting in a noticeable reduction in working time, which has aided in maintaining patient participation by reducing the risk for fatigue. We conclude that NiTi rotary devices result in a superior cutting efficiency and, as a result, greater clinical success.

Efficacy of Oral Colchicine and Intralesional Hyaluronidase with and without Ultrasound Therapy in the Management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis-A Comparative Study.

Aim: To determine the therapeutic effect and efficacy of oral colchicine tablet and intralesional injection of hyaluronidase with and without ultrasound therapy in the clinical course of oral submucous fibrosis. Materials and Methods: This comparative study involving 45 human participants was divided into three equal groups. The participants in group 1 received oral colchicine and intralesional hyaluronidase. The participants in group 2 received oral colchicine, intralesional hyaluronidase, and ultrasound therapy. The group 3 participants were treated with intralesional dexamethasone and hyaluronidase. Intergroup assessments were done using repeated measures of ANOVA test, where P value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant difference. Results: Group 2 patients had maximum improvement with respect to all the parameters. Conclusion: Therapeutic ultrasound can be given effectively as an adjunct therapy along with conventional therapy in OSMF patients.

Malocclusion among patients at Agartala, Tripura, India.

Malocclusion is the mal-relationship of dental arches with or without an irregularity of the teeth. Therefore, it is of interest to estimate the rate of occurrence of malocclusion within the population of Agartala city, Tripura, India. The study included 850 individuals ranging from 16 to 24 years of age, which were categorized into five distinct classifications, namely normal occlusion, Angle's Class I malocclusion, Class II Division 1, Class II Division 2, and Class III malocclusion. Data shows that normal occlusal alignment was observed in 29.41% of the participants, whereas a majority of 70.59% exhibited various forms of malocclusion among this population.

Effect of different cavity liners on nanocomposite resin shear bond strength to dentine.

The effect of different cavity liners on the shear bond strength of nanocomposite to dentin is of interest. A total of sixty extracted caries-free maxillary, mandibular molars were randomly assigned to four groups in the following manner Group 1: control (no cavity liner), group 2: Biodentin, group 3: Apacal ART and Group 4: Giomer. Following the application of different cavity liners based on the groups, restoration was carried out using nanocomposite resin using the total-etch Tetric N bond adhesive. The samples were thereafter subjected to a shear bond strength test at a cross-head speed of 1 mm/min until bond failure occurred, utilizing the universal testing machine. The one-way ANOVA test and the post hoc test were used to evaluate the data for pairwise group comparisons. Compared to the control group, all groups showed lower shear bond strength to dentin, irrespective of the type of liner. Apacal ART showed higher shear bond strength followed by giomer and biodentin. However, there's no apparent statistical difference between the groups.

In vitro analysis of material micro-leakage in pit and fissure sealants.

A preferable choice of material offers superior resistance against micro-leakage for clinical applications in preventing dental caries in pits and fissures is of interest. A total of 45 extracted human premolars were cleaned, stored in a saline solution, and randomly divided into three groups, each intended for treatment with one of the sealants: Fuzi VII, ClinPro, and Embrace Wetbond. The application of the sealants followed the manufacturers' instructions strictly. The teeth were subjected to thermal cycling to simulate oral conditions. Marginal micro-leakage was then assessed by dye penetration method using a 0.5% methylene blue dye. Teeth were sectioned, and dye penetration was measured under a stereomicroscope. The results showed that all the tested materials exhibited some degree of micro-leakage. Within the limitations of this In vitro study, it was concluded that Embrace Wetbond exhibited superior performance in terms of minimizing marginal micro-leakage among the tested pit and fissure sealants.

Tensile strength of conventional glass ionomer cement and silver reinforced glass ionomer cement.

A comparative analysis and assessment of the compressive strength (CS) and diametral tensile strength (DTS) between conventional glass ionomer cement (C-GIC) and a silver-reinforced GIC (S-GIC) variant is of interest. Ten specimens of both C-GIC (GC Fuji II, Japan) and S-GIC (Riva Silver, SDI, Australia) were fabricated for the evaluation of compressive strength, and an identical number of samples were created for the examination of tensile strength. These specimens were then tested using a universal testing apparatus. The results exhibited that both the compressive and diametral tensile strengths were significantly greater for the S-GIC cement in comparison to the C-GIC, with a notable p-value of 0.001. The findings suggest that S-GIC may be considered a viable alternative to conventional GIC.

Recent Advances in Local Anesthesia: A Review of Literature.

Even if local anesthetic is still the mainstay of pain management in dentistry, research will keep striving for novel and effective pain management techniques. The majority of research efforts are focused on improving anesthetic medications, delivery systems, and related methods. There are more recent technologies available that can assist the dentist in providing better pain relief with fewer unpleasant injections and fewer negative adverse effects. The purpose of the current review of the literature is to compile evidence that will convince dentists to employ modern local anesthetics, as well as other methods and techniques to reduce patient discomfort while administering anesthesia.

To Analyze the Mesiobuccal Root Canal of Maxillary First Molar using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: An Ex-vivo Study.

Aim and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to use cone bar CT to investigate the root trench morphology of two-hundred mesiobuccal permanent first molars in the maxilla. Materials and Methods: The distobuccal and palatal roots were removed at the furcation in 250 maxillary first molars. The mesiobuccal roots were then imaged using cone beam computed tomography on all specimens. The specimens were analyzed and compared to one another." This study looked into the following factors. How Many Canals There Are and What Shape Those Canals Take Errors such as lateral canals, apical delta, calcified segments, and others. Result: Vertucci's trench configuration, kinds I, II, III, IV, V, and VII, were seen in 30%, 20%, 5%, 6%, 7%, and 2.5% of the teeth, respectively. Calcified sections were found in the coronal third of the MB1 trench for eight of the samples, and in the central third for two of the samples. The MB1 trench did not have any calcifications at its very end. The coronal 33 percent of the MB2 trench was calcified in eight samples, but no calcifications were seen in the middle or upper thirds. Conclusion: Noninvasively and with little radiation, a cone beam CT scan can help you learn about your root canal setup.

Efficacy of Intranasal Atomized Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Surgical Removal of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars: A Prospective Study.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy of dexmedetomidine atomized intranasally for sedation during surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective randomized trial was conducted on 25 anxious patients between the ages of 18 and 40 who had impacted the lower third molars. An intranasal atomization device was used to give the medication 30 minutes prior to the surgical procedure. The Ramsay sedation score and Observer's assessment of alertness/sedation score were used to assess intranasal sedation. RESULTS: The results of our study state that the sedative effect began to take effect between 30 and 45 minutes later and was nearly back to baseline by 105 minutes after the administration of intranasal dexmedetomidine. CONCLUSION: Intranasal delivery of 1.5mg/kg atomized dexmedetomidine for patients undergoing surgical removal of impacted mandibular third teeth is safe, feasible, and clinically efficient in daycare settings based on the sedation scores, and secondary variables which were assessed.

Oval Root Canals Prepared With Two Different Endodontic Rotary Files: An In Vitro Study Comparing the Incidence of Dental Defects.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate and compare the establishment of dentinal cracks during root canal preparation using a stereomicroscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty removed human mandibular premolars were separated into three groups of 20: two experimental and one control. Within the randomized controlled experimental groups, root canals were constructed. Group I: the Waldent walflex file and Group II: the Trunatomy (TRN) file. Group III: the control group received no preparations. The surfaces of the roots were checked for dentinal cracks using a stereomicroscope and SEM following sectioning at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex. The Chi-square test was used to examine the data. RESULTS: ​​​​​​ In the control group, no fissures appeared. Cracks in Waldent Walflex were almost 66.7% between the 3mm and 6mm range. At both the 6 mm and 9 mm levels, there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental groups (P > 0.05). Defects were found to be substantially higher in the apical region of samples than in the median and coronal sections. CONCLUSION: Dentinal fissures were created by every rotary file used in the tests. There were more flaws in the Waldent Walflex file group than in the Trunatomy file group.

Glimpse of TENS in Dentistry: A Literature Review.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) therapy has been accepted to treat a wide range of illnesses, including phantom limb pain, joint pain, low back pain, and cervical discomfort. TENS is not frequently used in dentistry, despite its potential advantages. 3, 4 Therefore, the rationale of present review is to discuss its dental applications in order to spread awareness of them among the dental profession.

Assessment of lip print patterns and its use for personal identification among the populations of Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh, India.

BACKGROUND: Personal identification plays an inevitable role in forensic investigation. Lip print is one of the evidences that can be left in the crime scene, which helps in identification purpose. Hence, the present study was undertaken to provide deeper inside view of use of cheiloscopy in personal identification, focusing on sex and age variability of lip print patterns in the population of Rajnandgaon city, Chhattisgarh, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 (100 males and 100 females) subjects of age 15-55 years, residing in different areas of Rajnandgaon city. The sex of the individual was determined as per the description given by Vahanwala et al. Frequency distribution and Chi-square test were used for data analysis by SPSS 16.0 V software. RESULTS: The most common lip print pattern in entire population was Type I (27.5%). Very highly significant difference was found in the distribution of lip print patterns among males and females in the entire population, group I, and group III, respectively (P < 0.0001). The overall accuracy of cheiloscopy in sex determination was (high) 87.95%, 87.65%, 90.5%, and 80% in group 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. CONCLUSION: Thus, it can be concluded that lip prints can be used as one of the important forensic tools for personal identification on the basis of their age and gender variability among the populations.