RESUMEN
The rising prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae is a phenomenon observed to different degrees around the world. The present national surveillance study report analyzes a total of 16,756 strains of S. pneumoniae collected across France in 1999. The overall prevalence of S. pneumoniae with decreased susceptibility to penicillin was 44%, to amoxicillin 26%, and to cefotaxime 17%. The proportion of high-level resistant strains to penicillin (MIC > 1 mg/L), amoxicillin and cefotaxime (MIC > 2 mg/L) remained low: 12.3%, 1.8%, and 0.4% respectively. Prevalence of resistance to other antibiotics was high: 53% to erythromycin, 41.7% to cotrimoxazole, 31.8% to tetracycline, and 24.6% to chloramphenicol. Prevalence of penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae varied according to subject age and specimen source. It was higher in children (52.7%) than in adults (39.8%) and higher in strains isolated from middle ear fluid (63.6%) than from blood cultures (41.8%) in children. S. pneumoniae resistant to other antibiotics were more common in children than in adults, although figures showed geographical variations. Comparison with a previous study realized in 1997 in the same regions confirms a rising trend in the prevalence of resistant bacteria. Therefore, we conclude that prevalence of antibiotic-resistant S. pneumoniae in 1999 continued to rise in France, although strains with high-level resistance to penicillin remained stable.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Streptococcus pneumoniae/efectos de los fármacos , Streptococcus pneumoniae/aislamiento & purificación , Adulto , Niño , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple , Francia , Humanos , Vigilancia de la PoblaciónRESUMEN
We describe 2 adult patients (1 of whom was infected with human immunodeficiency virus) with osteomyelitis due to Bartonella henselae. Diagnosis was established on the basis of direct identification of the microorganism in one case and seroconversion in the other. Both patients recovered completely within 3 months.
Asunto(s)
Bartonella henselae , Enfermedad por Rasguño de Gato/microbiología , Osteomielitis/microbiología , Espondilitis/microbiología , Adulto , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
The genome sequence and annotation of Campylobacter coli strain IPSID-1 are reported here. This bacterial isolate is the first to be cultured from a patient with immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID). The draft genome sequence is 1.683 Mb long, comprises 64 contigs, and has 31.26% G+C content.
Asunto(s)
Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagen , Fiebre Q/diagnóstico , Fracturas de la Columna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/etiología , Humanos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/etiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Fiebre Q/complicaciones , Fracturas de la Columna Vertebral/etiología , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XAsunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , ARN Polimerasas Dirigidas por ADN/genética , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Listeria monocytogenes/efectos de los fármacos , Mutación Missense , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis/tratamiento farmacológico , Rifampin/farmacología , Anciano , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Sustitución de Aminoácidos , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Artritis/tratamiento farmacológico , Artritis/microbiología , ADN Bacteriano/química , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Humanos , Listeria monocytogenes/enzimología , Listeria monocytogenes/genética , Listeriosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Mutación Puntual , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis/microbiología , Rifampin/uso terapéutico , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
Antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in France is closely monitored by the pneumococcus surveillance network, founded in 1995, which collects data from regional observatories (Observatoire Régionaux du Pneumocoque [ORP]). In 2007, 23 ORPs analyzed the antibiotic susceptibility of 5,302 isolates of S. pneumoniae recovered in France from cerebrospinal fluid, blood, middle ear fluid, and pleural fluid, as well as from adult respiratory samples. The study showed that 38.2% of the strains were nonsusceptible to penicillin, 19.3% nonsusceptible to amoxicillin, and 10.5% nonsusceptible to cefotaxime. The percentage of pneumococcus nonsusceptible to penicillin varied according to both the sample and the age of the patient (child/adult): blood (27.8%/32.5%), cerebrospinal fluid (33.7%/34.6%), middle ear fluid (60.2%/27.5%), and pleural fluid (50.0%/31.0%). Between 2003 and 2007, the frequency of penicillin resistance in invasive pneumococcal disease gradually decreased from 46.4% to 29.0% in children and from 43.8% to 32.7% in adults. This decrease coincided with the introduction of a seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine into immunization programs and with a general reduction in levels of antibiotic consumption in France.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Infecciones Neumocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Streptococcus pneumoniae/efectos de los fármacos , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Niño , Preescolar , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple , Francia/epidemiología , Vacuna Neumocócica Conjugada Heptavalente , Humanos , Programas de Inmunización , Lactante , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Infecciones Neumocócicas/epidemiología , Infecciones Neumocócicas/microbiología , Vacunas Neumococicas/administración & dosificación , Vigilancia de la Población/métodosRESUMEN
Antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) are described around the world. The present national surveillance study report analyzes more than 6000 Sp strains, isolated from adults across France in 2001 and 2003, from blood cultures (3086 in 2001 and 3164 in 2003), cerebrospinal fluid (respectively, 238 and 240), or middle ear fluid (respectively, 110 and 100). The proportion of isolates with reduced susceptibility to penicillin fell significantly between 2001 and 2003 from 46.5% to 43.9%. The proportion of high-level resistant strains to penicillin minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC > 1 mg/L), amoxicillin, and cefotaxime (MIC > 2 mg/L) slightly decreased but remained low: 10.6%, 1.2%, and 0.2% in 2003. Resistance to other antibiotics (erythromycin, cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol) also decreased. Decrease in prevalence of penicillin-resistant Sp varied according to specimen source. The proportion of penicillin nonsusceptible pneumococci decreased in blood cultures and middle ear fluids between 2001 and 2003 but increased in cerebrospinal fluid (43.4% and 46.5%, respectively). Serotypes covered by the heptavalent vaccine accounted for 42.4% of all isolates recovered in 2001 and 46.1% in 2003. Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Sp decreased in 2003 in France.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Infecciones Neumocócicas/epidemiología , Streptococcus pneumoniae/clasificación , Streptococcus pneumoniae/efectos de los fármacos , Adulto , Sangre/microbiología , Líquido Cefalorraquídeo/microbiología , Medios de Cultivo , Francia/epidemiología , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Otitis Media con Derrame/microbiología , Infecciones Neumocócicas/microbiología , Vigilancia de la Población , Prevalencia , Serotipificación , Streptococcus pneumoniae/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
We report the first case of Enterococcus gallinarum endocarditis developing on normal native heart valves. Using phenotypic and molecular methods, a precise identification of this naturally vancomycin-resistant species allowed an optimal antibiotic therapy and the patient's recovery.