Observation of Feshbach resonances between a single ion and ultracold atoms.

The control of physical systems and their dynamics on the level of individual quanta underpins both fundamental science and quantum technologies. Trapped atomic and molecular systems, neutral1 and charged2, are at the forefront of quantum science. Their extraordinary level of control is evidenced by numerous applications in quantum information processing3,4 and quantum metrology5,6. Studies of the long-range interactions between these systems when combined in a hybrid atom-ion trap7,8 have led to landmark results9-19. However, reaching the ultracold regime-where quantum mechanics dominates the interaction, for example, giving access to controllable scattering resonances20,21-has so far been elusive. Here we demonstrate Feshbach resonances between ions and atoms, using magnetically tunable interactions between 138Ba+ ions and 6Li atoms. We tune the experimental parameters to probe different interaction processes-first, enhancing three-body reactions22,23 and the related losses to identify the resonances and then making two-body interactions dominant to investigate the ion's sympathetic cooling19 in the ultracold atomic bath. Our results provide deeper insights into atom-ion interactions, giving access to complex many-body systems24-27 and applications in experimental quantum simulation28-30.

Functionalization of the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine ring in α-phosphonoacrylates and α-phosphonopropionates via microwave-assisted Mizoroki-Heck reaction.

A series of new phosphonocarboxylates containing an imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine ring has been synthesized via the microwave-assisted Mizoroki-Heck reaction. The efficient modification of the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine ring has been achieved as late-stage functionalization, enabling and accelerating the generation of a library of compounds from a common precursor.

Body Composition Results of Caucasian Young Normal Body Mass Women in the Follicular Proliferative Phase, Measured for the Different Positions of Limbs.

The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) became a standardized technique for assessing body composition, but many factors affect the reproducibility of measurement, including body and limbs position. In spite of the fact that it is recommended for patient to be in a supine position, with arms abducted at least 30° and legs abducted at approximately 45°, a lot of authors conduct their measurements with arms and legs of patients separated to not touch the body but not strictly following the recommendations. Taking this into account, the aim of the study was to analyze the body composition results of Caucasian young normal body mass women in the follicular proliferative phase, measured for the different positions of limbs in order to compare the results obtained in the recommended position (with arms abducted at least 30° and legs abducted at approximately 45°) and in the commonly used position (not following strictly the recommendations). The study was conducted in a homogenous group of 100 adult females under the age of 30 years using BIA 101/ASE with the Bodygram Pro software and its equations by Akern Srl, Firenze, Italy, based on the measurement recommendations. The measurements were conducted (1) in a recommended position of arms abducted at least 30° and legs abducted at approximately 45° and (2) with arms spread and legs separated to not touch the body to compare the body composition assessment (fat mass, fat-free mass, body cell mass, muscle mass, water content, extracellular water content, and intracellular water content). It was stated that the results obtained for various positions of limbs were positively correlated (p < 0.0001; R > 0.5). At the same time, the statistically significant differences dependent on the position were observed for the calculated results of body cell mass (lower results for the recommended position for the results observed in kg and % of body mass; p = 0.0165 and p = 0.0075, respectively) and muscle mass (lower results for the recommended position for the results observed in kg and % of body mass; p = 0.0025 and p = 0.0011, respectively), as well as extracellular and intracellular water (higher % of total body water for the extracellular water and lower for intracellular water; p = 0.0049 and p = 0.0115, respectively), resulting from the measured resistance and reactance values. For all listed comparisons of significantly differing variables, weighted κ statistics indicated moderate agreement (values of 0.41-0.60), and the Bland-Altman plot analysis indicated no agreement (Bland-Altman index of >5%). While compared with the reference values, the major differences were observed for extracellular/intracellular water content, as, while applying a method with arms and legs separated to not touch the body (not recommended position), the extracellular water content was underestimated for 31% and intracellular water content was overestimated for 28% of participants. It may be concluded that the recommended body position of arms abducted at least 30° and legs abducted at approximately 45° should be chosen to ensure the reliability of the BIA measurements, as, while the recommendations of a body position are not followed, the results obtained may be misleading and may not reflect the actual body composition.

Increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Poland: comparison of the results of the WOBASZ (2003-2005) and WOBASZ II (2013-2014) studies.

INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MS) significantly increases cardiovascular risk. Knowledge about the current prevalence of MS in the Polish population is limited. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of MS in the Polish population based on the results of the WOBASZ II study (2013-2014) and to compare the obtained data with the results of the WOBASZ study (2003-2005). PATIENTS AND METHODS A representative sample of 19 751 Polish adults from the WOBASZ and WOBASZ II studies was analyzed. Diagnostic criteria for MS included abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting glucose values, and lipid disorders; MS was diagnosed if at least 3 individual components were present. RESULTS Based on the WOBASZ II study (2013-2014), the prevalence of MS in Poland was 32.8% in women and 39% in men. In women, the most frequent component of MS was abdominal obesity (64.7%), while in men it was increased blood pressure (62%). In the decade between the WOBASZ and WOBASZ II studies, there was a significant increase in the prevalence of MS in Polish adults aged 20 to 74 years: by 3.3 percentage points in women (26.6% vs 29.9%; P <0.001) and by 8.8 percentage points in men (30.7% vs 39.4%; P <0.001). The increase in the frequency of carbohydrate metabolism disorders was the greatest contributor to this phenomenon; however, abdominal obesity and lipid disorders were also significantly more frequent. CONCLUSIONS It is alarming that in the decade between the WOBASZ and WOBASZ II studies there was such a significant increase in the prevalence of MS and its individual components in Poland.