RESUMEN
Astrocyte diversity is greatly influenced by local environmental modulation. Here we report that the majority of astrocytes across the mouse brain possess a singular primary cilium localized to the cell soma. Comparative single-cell transcriptomics reveals that primary cilia mediate canonical SHH signaling to modulate astrocyte subtype-specific core features in synaptic regulation, intracellular transport, energy and metabolism. Independent of canonical SHH signaling, primary cilia are important regulators of astrocyte morphology and intracellular signaling balance. Dendritic spine analysis and transcriptomics reveal that perturbation of astrocytic cilia leads to disruption of neuronal development and global intercellular connectomes in the brain. Mice with primary ciliary-deficient astrocytes show behavioral deficits in sensorimotor function, sociability, learning and memory. Our results uncover a critical role for primary cilia in transmitting local cues that drive the region-specific diversification of astrocytes within the developing brain.
RESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate gene polymorphisms in Uighur patients with Abnormal Savda.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Polymorphisms of genomic fingerprints generated by arbitrarily primed PCR(AP-PCR) can be used for distinguishing between strains of almost any organism. The authors of this article applied the technique to the polymorphism analysis on the DNA of Uighur patients suffering from four kinds of Abnormal Savda (n=116), and on the DNA of a control group(n=50).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From the patients, 42 fragments were obtained, among them 27(64.2%) fragments did not show gene polymorphisms. On the 220-344 bp regions, the authors detected 6 AP-PCR products showing individual specificity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The polymorphisms may serve as a molecular marker for gene diagnosis in the patients with Abnormal Savda.</p>