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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can form a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship with most land plants. They are known to secrete lysin motif (LysM) effectors into host root cells for successful colonization. Intriguingly, plants secrete similar types of LysM proteins; however, their role in plant-microbe interactions is unknown. Here, we show that Medicago truncatula deploys LysM extracellular (LysMe) proteins to facilitate symbiosis with AMF. Promoter analyses demonstrated that three M. truncatula LysMe genes MtLysMe1/2/3, are expressed in arbuscule-containing cells and those adjacent to intercellular hyphae. Localization studies showed that these proteins are targeted to the periarbuscular space between the periarbuscular membrane and the fungal cell wall of the branched arbuscule. M. truncatula mutants in which MtLysMe2 was knocked out via CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutagenesis exhibited a significant reduction in AMF colonization and arbuscule formation, whereas genetically complemented transgenic plants restored wild-type level AMF colonization. In addition, knocking out the ortholog of MtLysMe2 in tomato resulted in a similar defect in AMF colonization. In vitro binding affinity precipitation assays suggested binding of MtLysMe1/2/3 with chitin and chitosan, while microscale thermophoresis (MST) assays revealed weak binding of these proteins with chitooligosaccharides. Moreover, application of purified MtLysMe proteins to root segments could suppress chitooctaose (CO8)-induced reactive oxygen species production and expression of reporter genes of the immune response without impairing chitotetraose (CO4)-triggered symbiotic responses. Taken together, our results reveal that plants, like their fungal partners, also secrete LysM proteins to facilitate symbiosis establishment.
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Medicago truncatula , Micorrizas , Simbiosis/fisiología , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Micorrizas/fisiología , Hifa/metabolismo , Quitina/metabolismo , Medicago truncatula/microbiología , Raíces de Plantas/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las PlantasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Nitrile Hydratase (NHase) is one of the most important industrial enzyme widely used in the petroleum exploitation field. The enzyme, composed of two unrelated α- and ß-subunits, catalyzes the conversion of acrylonitrile to acrylamide, releasing a significant amount of heat and generating the organic solvent product, acrylamide. Both the heat and acrylamide solvent have an impact on the structural stability of NHase and its catalytic activity. Therefore, enhancing the stress resistance of NHase to toxic substances is meaningful for the petroleum industry. METHODS AND RESULTS: To improve the thermo-stability and acrylamide tolerance of NHase, the two subunits were fused in vivo using SpyTag and SpyCatcher, which were attached to the termini of each subunit in various combinations. Analysis of the engineered strains showed that the C-terminus of ß-NHase is a better fusion site than the N-terminus, while the C-terminus of α-NHase is the most suitable site for fusion with a larger protein. Fusion of SpyTag and SpyCatcher to the C-terminus of ß-NHase and α-NHase, respectively, led to improved acrylamide tolerance and a slight enhancement in the thermo-stability of one of the engineered strains, NBSt. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that in vivo ligation of different subunits using SpyTag/SpyCatcher is a valuable strategy for enhancing subunit interaction and improving stress tolerance.
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Hidroliasas , Rhodococcus , Rhodococcus/enzimología , Rhodococcus/genética , Hidroliasas/metabolismo , Hidroliasas/genética , Hidroliasas/química , Estabilidad de Enzimas , Estrés Fisiológico , Acrilamida/metabolismo , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/química , Subunidades de Proteína/metabolismo , Subunidades de Proteína/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Effective management of cancer pain critically depends on timely medication administration and adherence to precise medication guidelines. In the context of limited time and a busy healthcare environment, tailoring the optimal medication schedule for each patient with cancer pain presents a significant challenge for physicians and clinical pharmacists. METHODS: To address this challenge, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of healthcare professionals' needs in guiding cancer pain medication. By developing core features based on key user needs and continuously updating them, we have created the Universal Medication Schedule System (UMSS). We invited 20 physicians and pharmacists specializing in oncology or cancer pain to trial the system and assessed UMSS usage through distributed questionnaires. RESULTS: We identified five key needs of healthcare professionals in cancer pain medication guidance. Based on these needs, we (1) constructed a comprehensive drug information database, including basic information for 1135 drugs, 130,590 drug interaction data entries, and 1409 individual medication timing constraints, and (2) developed a web-based system that provides essential reference information such as drug interactions and dietary restrictions. It can create medication schedules and provide medication education tailored to the patient's daily routine. Participating evaluators unanimously agreed (100%) that the system aids in accurately assessing the risks of polypharmacy and quickly scheduling medication regimens. CONCLUSION: UMSS, by offering personalized medication schedule support, assists healthcare professionals in better managing patients' medication treatment plans. However, further improvements are needed in the automation of database updates and maintenance, as well as in integrating it with electronic health records.
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Dolor en Cáncer , Humanos , Dolor en Cáncer/tratamiento farmacológico , Farmacéuticos/organización & administración , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Esquema de Medicación , Personal de Salud , Servicios Farmacéuticos/organización & administración , Manejo del Dolor/métodos , Analgésicos/administración & dosificación , Analgésicos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a condition characterized by the localized or widespread dilation of one or more coronary arteries. The majority of CAE patients do not present with clinical symptoms, and the exact cause of CAE remains unclear. Therefore, a retrospective analysis was conducted to explore the potential causes of CAE. METHODS: This study was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent coronary angiography at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital between January 2017 and July 2022, of whom 679 patients were ultimately enrolled in the study. Among them, 260 patients were diagnosed with CAE, whereas 419 patients with normal coronary results composed the control group. Remnant cholesterol (RC) was calculated as total cholesterol (TC) minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The association between RC levels and the risk of CAE was assessed via multivariable logistic models. RESULTS: Out of the 679 patients who participated in this study, with an average age of 59.9 years, 38.3% were diagnosed with CAE. Patients with CAE had higher RC levels than did those without CAE (P = 0.001). A significant positive association was observed between RC levels and the risk of CAE, with a multivariable adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.950 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.163-3.270). There was a significant positive association between RC levels and the risk of CAE in both single-vessel and multivessel dilation cases, as well as in isolated CAE and dilation secondary to coronary atherosclerosis. According to the subgroup analyses, RC levels were positively associated with the risk of CAE in participants with hypertension (OR, 1.065; 95% CI, 1.034-1.098). CONCLUSION: RC levels are positively correlated with CAE, implying that a focus on RC could be beneficial in CAE research.
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HDL-Colesterol , LDL-Colesterol , Colesterol , Angiografía Coronaria , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Vasos Coronarios , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Transversales , Colesterol/sangre , Dilatación Patológica/sangre , Estudios Retrospectivos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/sangre , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/patología , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Anciano , LDL-Colesterol/sangre , Vasos Coronarios/patología , Vasos Coronarios/diagnóstico por imagen , HDL-Colesterol/sangre , Factores de Riesgo , Triglicéridos/sangre , Oportunidad RelativaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Previous studies on the biomarkers of pathologic myopia choroidal neovascularization (pmCNV) development merely detected limited types of proteins and provide a meagre illustration of the underlying pathways. Hence, a landscape of protein changes in the aqueous humor (AH) of pmCNV patients is lacking. Here, to explore the potential mechanisms and biomarkers of pmCNV, we analyzed the clinical data and protein profile among atrophic (A) lesions, tractional lesions (T) and neovascular (N) lesions in myopic patients based on the ATN grading system for myopic maculopathy (MM). RESULTS: After investigating demographic data of our patients, a correlation was found between A and N lesions (R = 0.5753, P < 0.0001). Accordingly, groups were divided into patients without MM, patients with myopic atrophic maculopathy (MAM), and patients with pmCNV (N2a lesion). In proteomics analysis, the increased protein level of GFAP and complement-associated molecules in AH samples of the 3 groups also indicated that MAM and pmCNV shared similar characteristics. The GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis were performed, which mapped that differential expressed proteins mainly engaged in JAK-STAT pathway between the pmCNV group and two controls. Furthermore, we identified several potential biomarkers for pmCNV, including FCN3, GFAP, EGFR, SFRP3, PPP2R1A, SLIT2, and CD248. CONCLUSIONS: Atrophic lesions under pathologic myopic conditions demonstrated similarities to neovascularization development. Potential biomarkers including GFAP were associated with the pathogenesis of pmCNV. In summary, our study provides new insights for further research on pmCNV development.
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Neovascularización Coroidal , Degeneración Macular , Miopía , Enfermedades de la Retina , Humanos , Humor Acuoso/metabolismo , Proteómica , Quinasas Janus/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción STAT/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal , Miopía/metabolismo , Enfermedades de la Retina/metabolismo , Enfermedades de la Retina/patología , Neovascularización Coroidal/metabolismo , Neovascularización Coroidal/patología , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Antígenos de Neoplasias , Antígenos CD/metabolismoRESUMEN
Although interlocked three-dimensional molecules display unique properties associated with their spatial structures, their synthesis and study of their host-guest properties remain challenging. We report the formation of a novel [2]catenane, [Et4N]@[(Tp*WS3Cu3Cl)2(cis-bpype)3]2(OTf)5 ([Et4N][1](OTf)5), by self-assembly of the cluster node [Tp*WS3Cu3Cl]+ and the organic linker (Z)-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-bis(4-(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)ethene (cis-bpype). Single-crystal X-ray and NMR analyses established that [1]4+ is formed by the interpenetration of two cluster-organic cages. Unique cation-in-cation host-guest complexes were observed with this catenane. The crystalline, empty catenane was formed by taking advantage of the electrostatic repulsion-induced weak binding of the host. Encapsulation experiments also reveal that the empty catenane can adaptively encapsulate cations such as [Et4N]+ and [Pr4N]+ in the cross cavity but is unable to encapsulate [Bu4N]+ and [Me4N]+, although the size of the latter is compatible with that of the cavity. Theoretical calculations and volume analysis allow to unravel the ingenious role of catenane structures and the interplay between electrostatic repulsion and attractive noncovalent interactions for size-specific recognition behavior in host-guest systems involving species with similar electric charges.
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BACKGROUND & AIMS: Capsaicin receptor, also known as transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), is involved in pain physiology and neurogenic inflammation. Herein, we discovered the presence of TRPV1 in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and aimed to delineate its function in this cell type and liver fibrosis. METHODS: TRPV1 expression was examined in liver biopsies from patients with liver fibrosis using quantitative real-time PCR and immunostaining. Its contribution to liver fibrosis was examined in Trpv1-/- mice, upon lentiviral delivery of the TRPV1 gene, and in human and mouse primary HSCs, using patch clamp, intracellular Ca2+ mobilization determination, FACS analyses and gain/loss of function experiments. Binding of sterile alpha and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) to TRPV1 was determined using mass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation, surface plasmon resonance, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, and NanoBiT. RESULTS: TRPV1 mRNA levels are significantly downregulated in patients with liver fibrosis and mouse models, showing a negative correlation with F stage and α-smooth muscle actin expression, a marker of HSC activation. TRPV1 expression and function decrease during HSC activation in fibrotic livers in vivo or during culture. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of TRPV1 in quiescent HSCs leads to NF-κB activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. TRPV1 requires binding of its N-terminal ankyrin repeat domain to the TIR-His583 (Toll/interleukin-1 receptor) domain of SARM1 to prevent HSCs from pro-inflammatory activation. Trpv1-/- mice display increased HSC activation and more severe liver fibrosis, whereas TRPV1 overexpression is antifibrotic in various disease models. CONCLUSION: The antifibrotic properties of TRPV1 are attributed to the prevention of HSC activation via the recruitment of SARM1, which could be an attractive therapeutic strategy against liver fibrosis. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS: We identified the neuronal channel protein TRPV1 as a gatekeeper of quiescence in hepatic stellate cells, a key driver of liver fibrogenesis and chronic liver disease. Physiologically expressed in healthy liver and consistently downregulated during liver fibrosis development, its therapeutic re-expression is expected to have few side effects, making it an attractive target diagnostic tool and drug candidate for industry and clinicians.
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Células Estrelladas Hepáticas , Canales Catiónicos TRPV , Humanos , Ratones , Animales , Canales Catiónicos TRPV/genética , Canales Catiónicos TRPV/metabolismo , Canales Catiónicos TRPV/farmacología , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas/metabolismo , Hígado/patología , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Proteínas del Citoesqueleto/metabolismo , Proteínas del Citoesqueleto/farmacología , Proteínas del Dominio Armadillo/genética , Proteínas del Dominio Armadillo/metabolismoRESUMEN
The upsurge of new materials that can be used for near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors operated without cooling is crucial. As a novel material with a small bandgap of ≈0.28 eV, the topological crystalline insulator SnTe has attracted considerable attention. Herein, this work demonstrates self-driven NIR photodetectors based on SnTe/Si and SnTe:Si/Si heterostructures. The SnTe/Si heterostructure has a high detectivity D* of 3.3 × 1012 Jones. By Si doping, the SnTe:Si/Si heterostructure reduces the dark current density and increases the photocurrent by ≈1 order of magnitude simultaneously, which improves the detectivity D* by ≈2 orders of magnitude up to 1.59 × 1014 Jones. Further theoretical analysis indicates that the improved device performance may be ascribed to the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE), in which doped Si atoms break the inversion symmetry and thus enable the generation of additional photocurrents beyond the heterostructure. In addition, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) measured at room temperature at 850 nm increases by a factor of 7.5 times, from 38.5% to 289%. A high responsivity of 1979 mA W-1 without bias and fast rising time of 8 µs are also observed. The significantly improved photodetection achieved by the Si doping is of great interest and may provide a novel strategy for superior photodetectors.
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Over 70% land plants live in mutualistic symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, and maintenance of symbiosis requires transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. The former has been widely studied, whereas the latter mediated by symbiotic microRNAs (miRNAs) remains obscure, especially in woody plants. Here, we performed high-throughput sequencing of the perennial woody citrus plant Poncirus trifoliata and identified 3750 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 42 miRNAs (DEmiRs) upon AM fungal colonization. By analyzing cis-regulatory elements in the promoters of the DEGs, we predicted 329 key AM transcription factors (TFs). A miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was then constructed by integrating these data. Several candidate miRNA families of P. trifoliata were identified whose members target known symbiotic genes, such as miR167h-AMT2;3 and miR156e-EXO70I, or key TFs, such as miR164d-NAC and miR477a-GRAS, thus are involved in AM symbiotic processes of fungal colonization, arbuscule development, nutrient exchange and phytohormone signaling. Finally, analysis of selected miRNA family revealed that a miR159b conserved in mycorrhizal plant species and a Poncirus-specific miR477a regulate AM symbiosis. The role of miR477a was likely to target GRAS family gene RAD1 in citrus plants. Our results not only revealed that miRNA-mRNA network analysis, especially miRNA-TF analysis, is effective in identifying miRNA family regulating AM symbiosis, but also shed light on miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of AM symbiosis in woody citrus plants.
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MicroARNs , Micorrizas , Poncirus , Simbiosis/genética , Poncirus/genética , MicroARNs/genética , ARN Mensajero , Micorrizas/fisiología , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Raíces de Plantas/genéticaRESUMEN
Traditional Chinese medicine is the main source of natural products due to its remarkable clinical efficacy. Syringa oblata Lindl (S. oblata) was widely used because of its extensive biological activities. However, to explore the antioxidant components of S. oblata against tyrosinase, the experiments of antioxidation in vitro were employed. At the same time, the determination of TPC was also use to assess the antioxidant ability of CE, MC, EA and WA fractions and the liver protective activity of the EA fraction was evaluated by mice in vivo. Next, UF-LC-MS technology was performed to screen and identify the efficient tyrosinase inhibitors in S. oblata. The results showed that alashinol (G), dihydrocubebin, syripinin E and secoisolariciresinol were characterized as potential tyrosinase ligands and their RBA values were 2.35, 1.97, 1.91 and 1.61, respectively. Moreover, these four ligands can effectively dock with tyrosinase molecules, with binding energies (BEs) ranging from 0.74 to -0.73 kcal/mol. In addition, tyrosinase inhibition experiment was employed to evaluate the tyrosinase inhibition activities of four potential ligands, the result showed that compound 12 (alashinol G, IC50 = 0.91 ± 0.20 mM) showed the strongest activity to tyrosinase, followed by secoisolariciresinol (IC50 = 0.99 ± 0.07 mM), dihydrocubebin (IC50 = 1.04 ± 0.30 mM) and syripinin E (IC50 = 1.28 ± 0.23 mM), respectively. The results demonstrate that S. oblata might have excellent antioxidant activity, and UF-LC-MS technique is a effective means to filter out tyrosinase inhibitors from natural products.
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Antioxidantes , Syringa , Animales , Ratones , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Monofenol Monooxigenasa , Ultrafiltración/métodos , Ligandos , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/químicaRESUMEN
Bone marrow edema syndrome (BMES) is a relatively uncommon clinical condition. It has been poorly reported in the literature. Hence, doctors are not sufficiently aware of the disease and are prone to misdiagnosis and mistreatment, which can undoubtedly prolong the course of the disease, reduce the quality of life of patients and even affect their function. This paper reviews the literature and summarizes the treatment options for bone marrow edema syndrome, such as symptomatic treatment, extracorporeal shock waves therapy (ESWT), pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEFs), hyperbaric oxygen (HBO), vitamin D, iloprost, bisphosphonates, denosumab, and surgery, etc. This informs clinicians in treating bone marrow edema syndrome, hopefully improving patients' quality of life and shortening the duration of their disease.
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Enfermedades de la Médula Ósea , Médula Ósea , Humanos , Calidad de Vida , Enfermedades de la Médula Ósea/terapia , Difosfonatos/uso terapéutico , Edema/terapia , Síndrome , Imagen por Resonancia MagnéticaRESUMEN
Inverse design has attracted significant attention as a method to improve device performance and compactness. In this research, we employed a combination of forward design and the inverse algorithm using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to design a bent ultra-compact 1310/1550 nm broadband wavelength demultiplexer assisted by a subwavelength grating (SWG). Through the phase matching at 1550 nm and the phase mismatch at 1310 nm, we rapidly designed the width parameters of SWG in the forward direction. Then the PSO algorithm was used to optimize the SWG parameters in a certain range to achieve the best performance. Additionally, we introduced a new bent dimension significantly reducing the device length while maintaining low insertion loss (IL) and high extinction ratios (ERs). It has been verified that the length of the device is only 7.8 µm, and it provides a high ER of 24 dB at 1310 nm and 27 dB at 1550 nm. The transmitted spectrum shows that the IL values at both wavelengths are below 0.1 dB. Meanwhile, the 1 dB bandwidth exceeds 150 nm, effectively covering the entire O-band and C-band. This approach has been proven successful in enhancing performance and significantly reducing the device footprint.
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In this paper, we proposed an all-optical version of photonic spiking neurons and spike-time-dependent plasticity (STDP) based on the nonlinear optical effects within a micro-ring resonator. In this system, the self-pulsing effect was exploited to implement threshold control, and the equivalent pulse energy required for spiking, calculated by multiplying the input pulse power amplitude with its duration, was about 14.1 pJ. The positive performance of the neurons in the excitability and cascadability tests validated the feasibility of this scheme. Furthermore, two simulations were performed to demonstrate that such an all-optical spiking neural network incorporated with STDP could run stably on a stochastic topology. The essence of such an all-optical spiking neural network is a nonlinear spiking dynamical system that combines the advantages of photonics and spiking neural networks (SNNs), promising access to the high speed and lower consumption inherent to optical systems.
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The combination of advanced radar sensor technology and smart grid has broad prospects. It is meaningful to monitor the respiration and heartbeat of grid employees under resting state through radar sensors to ensure that they are in a healthy working state. Ultra-wideband (UWB) radar sensor is suitable for this application because of its strong penetration ability, high range resolution and low average power consumption. However, due to weak heartbeat amplitude and measurement noise, the accurate measurement of the target heart rate is a challenge. In this paper, singular spectrum analysis (SSA) is proposed to reconstruct the eigenvalues of noisy vital signs to eliminate noise peaks around the heartbeat rate; combined with the variational modal decomposition (VMD), the target vital signs can be extracted with high accuracy. The experiment confirmed that the target vital sign information can be extracted with high accuracy from ten subjects at different distances, which can play an important role in short distance human detection and vital sign monitoring.
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Radar , Procesamiento de Señales Asistido por Computador , Humanos , Signos Vitales/fisiología , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Respiración , Algoritmos , Monitoreo FisiológicoRESUMEN
Tissue phenotypic plasticity facilitates rapid adaptation of organisms to biotic and/or abiotic pressure. The reproductive capacity of honey bee workers (Apis mellifera) is plastic and responsive to pheromones produced by broods and the queen. Egg laying workers (ELWs), which could reactivate their ovaries and lay haploid eggs upon queen lost, have been commonly discussed from many aspects. However, it remains unclear whether midgut homeostasis in ELWs is affected during plastic changes. Here, we found that the expression of nutrition- and autophagy-related genes was up-regulated in the midguts of ELWs, compared with that in nurse workers (NWs) by RNA-sequencing. Furthermore, the area and number of autophagosomes were increased, along with significantly increased cell death in the midguts of ELWs. Moreover, cell cycle progression in the midguts of ELWs was increased compared with that in NWs. Consistent with the up-regulation of nutrition-related genes, the body and midgut sizes, and the number of intestinal proliferation cells of larvae reared with royal jelly (RJ) obviously increased more than those reared without RJ in vitro. Finally, cell proliferation was dramatically suppressed in the midguts of ELWs when autophagy was inhibited. Altogether, our data suggested that autophagy was induced and required to sustain cell proliferation in ELWs' midguts, thereby revealing the critical role of autophagy played in the intestines during phenotypic plasticity changes.
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Autofagia , Intestinos , Abejas/genética , Animales , Larva/fisiología , Autofagia/genética , Adaptación Fisiológica , Proliferación CelularRESUMEN
The UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO) gene is an essential regulatory factor of class B genes and plays a vital role in the process of inflorescence primordial and flower primordial development. The role of UFO genes in soybean was investigated to better understand the development of floral organs through gene cloning, expression analysis, and gene knockout. There are two copies of UFO genes in soybean and in situ hybridization, which have demonstrated similar expression patterns of the GmUFO1 and GmUFO2 genes in the flower primordium. The phenotypic observation of GmUFO1 knockout mutant lines (Gmufo1) showed an obvious alteration in the floral organ number and shape and mosaic organ formation. By contrast, GmUFO2 knockout mutant lines (Gmufo2) showed no obvious difference in the floral organs. However, the GmUFO1 and GmUFO2 double knockout lines (Gmufo1ufo2) showed more mosaic organs than the Gmufo1 lines, in addition to the alteration in the organ number and shape. Gene expression analysis also showed differences in the expression of major ABC function genes in the knockout lines. Based on the phenotypic and expression analysis, our results suggest the major role of GmUFO1 in the regulation of flower organ formation in soybeans and that GmUFO2 does not have any direct effect but might have an interaction role with GmUFO1 in the regulation of flower development. In conclusion, the present study identified UFO genes in soybean and improved our understanding of floral development, which could be useful for flower designs in hybrid soybean breeding.
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Proteínas de Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Glycine max/genética , Glycine max/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Mutación , Fitomejoramiento , Flores/genética , Flores/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las PlantasRESUMEN
Background: The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants calls for more data on SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine response. Aims: We aimed to assess the response to a third mRNA vaccine dose against SARS-CoV-2 in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Methods: This was a single-center, observational prospective study of IBD patients who received a third mRNA vaccine dose against SARS-CoV-2. Antibody titers were taken post-third-dose at one and three months using the Roche Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2-S enzyme immunoassay. Titers less than 0.8 units/mL were considered negative according to the manufactures. Titers between 0.8 units/mL and 250 units/mL were considered non-neutralizing. Titers greater than 250 units/mL were considered neutralizing. Results: Eighty-three patients were included, all of whom had detectable antibodies at 3 months post-third dose. A total of 89% showed neutralizing and 11% non-neutralizing titers. Participants with non-neutralizing titers were more likely to be on systemic corticosteroids (p = 0.04). Two participants seroconverted from negative to positive, whereas 86% with non-neutralizing titers boosted to neutralizing levels. Only one participant with neutralizing titers after a third dose had a decrease to a non-neutralizing level within 3 months. Conclusions: Our findings support the ongoing recommendations for additional doses in immunocompromised individuals. However, longitudinal studies with a greater-sized patient population are needed.
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COVID-19 , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino , Humanos , Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , Cinética , Estudios Prospectivos , COVID-19/prevención & control , SARS-CoV-2 , Anticuerpos , Vacunación , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/tratamiento farmacológico , ARN MensajeroRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on immune-modifying therapies requires further investigation because previous studies indicate that patients on immune therapy might have decreased antibody concentrations. METHODS: We present the antireceptor binding domain antibody response over a period of 3 months in 217 patients with IBD who completed standard 2-dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine series. RESULTS: Almost all (98.6%) IBD vaccine recipients had a positive antireceptor binding domain antibody response at least 3 months after vaccination. Decreased antibody titers at 3 months were seen in a subset of patients on antitumor necrosis factor-alpha. Approximately 10% of the participants with high-titer antibodies at 1 month had a decrease to low-positive titers at 3 months, which was mostly observed in those on combination therapy and antitumor necrosis factor-alpha monotherapy. DISCUSSION: Larger longitudinal studies are required to define the response in IBD population and its clinical impact.
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COVID-19 , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino , Anticuerpos Antivirales , Formación de Anticuerpos , Vacuna BNT162 , COVID-19/prevención & control , Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , Humanos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/tratamiento farmacológico , Necrosis , ARN Mensajero , SARS-CoV-2 , Vacunación , Vacunas Sintéticas , Vacunas de ARNmRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) can be released when myocardial damage occurs. METHODS: Here, we used the methylated CpG tandem amplification and sequencing (MCTA-seq) method for analyzing dynamic changes in heart-derived DNA in plasma samples from myocardial infarction (MI) patients. RESULTS: We identified six CGCGCGG loci showing heart-specific hypermethylation patterns. MCTA-seq deconvolution analysis combining these loci detected heart-released cfDNA in MI patients at hospital admission, and showed that the prominently elevated total cfDNA level after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was derived from both the heart and white blood cells. Furthermore, for the top marker CORO6, we developed a digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) assay that clearly detected heart damage signals in cfDNA of MI patients at hospital admission. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides insights into MI pathologies and developed a new ddPCR assay for detecting myocardial damage in clinical applications.
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Ácidos Nucleicos Libres de Células , Metilación de ADN , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea , Ácidos Nucleicos Libres de Células/genética , ADN , Metilación de ADN/genética , Humanos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodosRESUMEN
The enhancement of photoluminescence (PL) stability of colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) is of great significance in light-emitting devices. In this work, the PL stability of CdTe CQDs under time storage, strong light irradiation, acid and alkali corrosion and low temperature freezing is analyzed, and the PL quenching mechanism in a harsh environment is analyzed. Furthermore, the PL stability is extremely improved by core-shell coating, film deposition and polymer encapsulation. This solves the problem of rapid dropping of the PL intensity at the initial illumination stage and improves the corrosion resistance in an acidic environment and long-term storage stability of film devices. CQD polymer films have an interesting phenomenon of fluorescence enhancement under illumination due to the light-soaking effect. Biocompatible coating and encapsulation materials expand the application of CQD devices in the field of biological tissue imaging and sensing. Through the PL regulation of CQD solutions and the simple superposition of self-supporting films, a panchromatic light-emitting device with broadband adjustable chromaticity is realized. The solid-state stable whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) laser is realized by monodisperse SiO2 microspheres embedded in the film. This work is of great significance for the application of CQDs in flexible light-emitting devices.