Uniform thin ice on ultraflat graphene for high-resolution cryo-EM.

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) visualizes the atomic structure of macromolecules that are embedded in vitrified thin ice at their close-to-native state. However, the homogeneity of ice thickness, a key factor to ensure high image quality, is poorly controlled during specimen preparation and has become one of the main challenges for high-resolution cryo-EM. Here we found that the uniformity of thin ice relies on the surface flatness of the supporting film, and developed a method to use ultraflat graphene (UFG) as the support for cryo-EM specimen preparation to achieve better control of vitreous ice thickness. We show that the uniform thin ice on UFG improves the image quality of vitrified specimens. Using such a method we successfully determined the three-dimensional structures of hemoglobin (64 kDa), α-fetoprotein (67 kDa) with no symmetry, and streptavidin (52 kDa) at a resolution of 3.5 Å, 2.6 Å and 2.2 Å, respectively. Furthermore, our results demonstrate the potential of UFG for the fields of cryo-electron tomography and structure-based drug discovery.

Oxidation-induced superelasticity in metallic glass nanotubes.

Although metallic nanostructures have been attracting tremendous research interest in nanoscience and nanotechnologies, it is known that environmental attacks, such as surface oxidation, can easily initiate cracking on the surface of metals, thus deteriorating their overall functional/structural properties1-3. In sharp contrast, here we report that severely oxidized metallic glass nanotubes can attain an ultrahigh recoverable elastic strain of up to ~14% at room temperature, which outperform bulk metallic glasses, metallic glass nanowires and many other superelastic metals hitherto reported. Through in situ experiments and atomistic simulations, we reveal that the physical mechanisms underpinning the observed superelasticity can be attributed to the formation of a percolating oxide network in metallic glass nanotubes, which not only restricts atomic-scale plastic events during loading but also leads to the recovery of elastic rigidity on unloading. Our discovery implies that oxidation in low-dimensional metallic glasses can result in unique properties for applications in nanodevices.

FLRT3 and TGF-ß/SMAD4 signalling: Impacts on apoptosis, autophagy and ion channels in supraventricular tachycardia.

To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), this study aimed to analyse the complex relationship between FLRT3 and TGF-ß/SMAD4 signalling pathway, which affects Na+ and K+ channels in cardiomyocytes. Bioinformatics analysis was performed on 85 SVT samples and 15 healthy controls to screen overlapping genes from the key module and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Expression profiling of overlapping genes, coupled with Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, identified FLRT3 as a hub gene. In vitro studies utilizing Ang II-stimulated H9C2 cardiomyocytes were undertaken to elucidate the consequences of FLRT3 silencing on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and autophagic processes. Utilizing a combination of techniques such as quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting (WB), flow cytometry, dual-luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-PCR) assays were conducted to decipher the intricate interactions between FLRT3, the TGF-ß/SMAD4 signalling cascade and ion channel gene expression. Six genes (AADAC, DSC3, FLRT3, SYT4, PRR9 and SERTM1) demonstrated reduced expression in SVT samples, each possessing significant clinical diagnostic potential. In H9C2 cardiomyocytes, FLRT3 silencing mitigated Ang II-induced apoptosis and modulated autophagy. With increasing TGF-ß concentration, there was a dose-responsive decline in FLRT3 and SCN5A expression, while both KCNIP2 and KCND2 expressions were augmented. Moreover, a direct interaction between FLRT3 and SMAD4 was observed, and inhibition of SMAD4 expression resulted in increased FLRT3 expression. Our results demonstrated that the TGF-ß/SMAD4 signalling pathway plays a critical role by regulating FLRT3 expression, with potential implications for ion channel function in SVT.

Camrelizumab plus apatinib in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer after failure of at least one prior systemic therapy (CAP 04): a single-arm phase II trial.

BACKGROUND: The combination of anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors is an effective treatment strategy in endometrial cancer. We aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus apatinib as an alternative therapeutic option in patients with previously treated endometrial cancer. METHODS: This single-arm Simon's two-stage phase II trial was conducted at the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer who had failed at least one prior systemic therapy were screened for potential participation. Eligible patients were treated with intravenous camrelizumab (200 mg d1 q2w) and oral apatinib (250 mg qd) every 4 weeks. The primary end point was the objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1 in the intention-to-treat principle. RESULTS: Between January 20, 2020, and October 14, 2022, 36 patients (29 with microsatellite stability/mismatch repair proficient [MSS/pMMR] tumors; two with microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair deficient [MSI-H/dMMR] tumors) were enrolled and treated. The confirmed ORR was 44.4% (95% CI: 27.9, 61.9) and the disease control rate was 91.7% (95% CI: 77.5, 98.2). The median duration of response was 9.3 (95% CI: 4.3, not reached) months, the median progression-free survival was 6.2 (95% CI: 5.3, 11.1) months, and the median overall survival was 21.0 (95% CI: 13.4, not reached) months during a median follow-up of 14.2 (interquartile range: 10.3, 27.6) months. Treatment-related adverse events of grade 3 or 4 occurred in 20 (55.6%) patients, with the most common being increased γ-glutamyl transferase (27.8%), alanine aminotransferase (16.7%) and aspartate aminotransferase (13.9%), and hypertension (11.1%). No treatment-related death occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Camrelizumab plus apatinib showed promising antitumor activity with manageable toxicity in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer who had failed at least one prior systemic therapy. The findings of this study support further investigation of camrelizumab plus apatinib as an alternative therapeutic option, especially for patients with MSS/pMMR tumors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was retrospectively registered with ChiCTR.org.cn, number ChiCTR2000031932.

Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylation Reaction of Indole/Pyrrole Involving HCFO-1233zd (E).

3-Indole-3-one is a key intermediate in the synthesis of many drugs and plays an important role in synthetic chemistry and biochemistry. A new method for synthesizing trifluoromethylated 3-indoleketones by Pd(0)-catalyzed carbonylation was introduced. In the absence of additives, 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropyl (an inexpensive and environmentally friendly synthetic block of trifluoromethyl) reacts with indole and carbon monoxide to generate trifluoromethylindole ketones with good yields, regioselectivity, and chemical selectivity; furthermore, the products exhibit strong resistance to basic functional groups, such as alkynes, aldehydes, and esters. In addition to the conversion of indole compounds into corresponding products, pyrrole and heteroindole may be suitable for corresponding chemical transformations. This study provides a synthetic method for the further construction of trifluoromethylated 3-indole ketones.

Entropy-Assisted Anion-Reinforced Solvation Structure for Fast-Charging Sodium-Ion Full Batteries.

Anion-reinforced solvation structure favors the formation of inorganic-rich robust electrode-electrolyte interface, which endows fast ion transport and high strength modulus to enable improved electrochemical performance. However, such a unique solvation structure inevitably injures the ionic conductivity of electrolytes and limits the fast-charging performance. Herein, a trade-off in tuning anion-reinforced solvation structure and high ionic conductivity is realized by the entropy-assisted hybrid ester-ether electrolyte. Anion-reinforced solvation sheath with more anions occupying the inner Na+ shell is constructed by introducing the weakly coordinated ether tetrahydrofuran into the commonly used ester-based electrolyte, which merits the accelerated desolvation energy and gradient inorganic-rich electrode-electrolyte interface. The improved ionic conductivity is attributed to the weakly diverse solvation structures induced by entropy effect. These enable the enhanced rate performance and cycling stability of Prussian blue||hard carbon full cells with high electrode mass loading. More importantly, the practical application of the designed electrolyte was further demonstrated by industry-level 18650 cylindrical cells.

First donor haemovigilance system at a national level in China: Establishment and improvement.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: No systematic study has measured the incidence of adverse reactions (ARs) to blood donation at the national level in China before 2019. The objective of this study was to establish an effective reporting system to collect information on ARs to blood donation in China. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The status of donor haemovigilance (DHV) in blood collection facilities in China was evaluated, and an online DHV system was established to collect data on ARs to blood donation in July 2019. The definitions of ARs were based on the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) standards. The prevalence and data quality of ARs from 2019 to 2021 were analysed. RESULTS: A standard online reporting system has been established for ARs to blood donation. In total, 61, 62 and 81 participating sites were included in this pilot study in 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. From July 2019 to December 2021, 21,502 cases of whole-blood-related ARs and 1114 cases of apheresis platelet-related ARs were reported, with an incidence of 3.8‰ and 2.2‰, respectively. Data completeness for key reporting elements improved from 41.7% (15/36) in 2019 to 74.4% (29/39) in 2020. Data quality analysis for the year 2021 yielded similar results as for 2020. CONCLUSION: The construction and continuous improvement of the blood donor safety monitoring system prompted the establishment of the DHV system. Improvements have been made to the DHV system in China, with a significant increase in sentinels and higher data quality.

Important Roles and Formation of Atmospheric Organosulfates in Marine Organic Aerosols: Influence of Phytoplankton Emissions and Anthropogenic Pollutants.

Organosulfates (OSs) could be potentially important compounds in marine organic aerosols, while their formation in marine atmospheres is far from clear due to a lack of cruise observations. In this work, shipboard atmospheric observations were conducted over the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea to investigate the abundance and formation of biogenic isoprene/monoterpene-OSs in marine aerosols. The quantified OSs and NOSs accounted for 0.04-6.9% of marine organic aerosols and were 0.07-2.2% of the non-sea-salt (nss) sulfate in terms of sulfur content. Isoprene-related (nitrooxy-)OSs occupied 27-87% of the total quantified OSs, following the abundance order of summer > autumn > spring or winter. This order was driven by the marine phytoplankton biomass and sea surface temperature (SST), which controlled the seawater and atmospheric isoprene concentration levels. Under the severe impacts of anthropogenic pollutants from the East Asia continent in winter, monoterpene nitrooxy-OSs, generated with NOx involved in, increased to 34.4 ± 35.5 ng/m3 and contributed 68% of the quantified (nitrooxy-)OSs. Our results highlight the notable roles of biogenic OSs in marine organic aerosols over regions with high biological activity and high SST. The formation of biogenic OSs and their roles in altering marine aerosol properties calls for elaboration through cruise observations in different marine environments.

Chinese expert consensus on the construction of the fluoroless cardiac electrophysiology laboratory and related techniques.

Transcatheter radiofrequency ablation has been widely introduced for the treatment of tachyarrhythmias. The demand for catheter ablation continues to grow rapidly as the level of recommendation for catheter ablation. Traditional catheter ablation is performed under the guidance of X-rays. X-rays can help display the heart contour and catheter position, but the radiobiological effects caused by ionizing radiation and the occupational injuries worn caused by medical staff wearing heavy protective equipment cannot be ignored. Three-dimensional mapping system and intracardiac echocardiography can provide detailed anatomical and electrical information during cardiac electrophysiological study and ablation procedure, and can also greatly reduce or avoid the use of X-rays. In recent years, fluoroless catheter ablation technique has been well demonstrated for most arrhythmic diseases. Several centers have reported performing procedures in a purposefully designed fluoroless electrophysiology catheterization laboratory (EP Lab) without fixed digital subtraction angiography equipment. In view of the lack of relevant standardized configurations and operating procedures, this expert task force has written this consensus statement in combination with relevant research and experience from China and abroad, with the aim of providing guidance for hospitals (institutions) and physicians intending to build a fluoroless cardiac EP Lab, implement relevant technologies, promote the standardized construction of the fluoroless cardiac EP Lab.

Multi-scale optical simulation of crystalline silicon solar cells by combining ray and wave optics.

Optical simulations allow the evaluation of the absorption, reflection, and transmission of each functional layer of solar cells and, therefore, are of great importance for the design of high-efficiency crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells. Here, a multi-scale simulation method (MSM) based on ray and wave optics is proposed to investigate the optical characteristics of c-Si solar cells. The ray and wave optical methods are first independently employed on inverted pyramid glass sheets, where the latter one can describe the size-dependent interfacial scattering characteristics more accurately. Then the optical properties of a c-Si solar cell with a tunnel oxide passivated carrier-selective contact configuration are studied by employing the MSM, where scattering at the interfaces is acquired by a finite-difference time-domain method (wave optics). Since the MSM can accurately simulate optical modes such as the Rayleigh anomaly, Bloch mode, and Mie resonances, the reflection and transmission spectra of the whole device are in good agreement with the measured data. The proposed MSM has proven to be accurate for structures with functional thin films, which can be extended to hybrid tandem devices with top-level cells consisting of stacks of layers with similar dimensions.

A Multifunctional Ionic Liquid Additive Enabling Stable and Efficient Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

The electroluminescence performance and long-term stability of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are greatly affected by the film quality of perovskite emitting layer. Herein, the authors employ an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([BMIm]OTf), to manipulate the growth of quasi-2D perovskite films by providing heterogeneous nucleation sites. The [BMIm]OTf molecules simultaneously realize uniform perovskite films by reducing the contact angles of precursor solution on the hole transport layer (HTL), and eliminate defect states through bonding [BMIm]+ cations to negatively-charged uncoordinated Br and OTf- anions to uncoordinated Pb2+ defects that effectively suppresses the defect states assisted nonradiative recombination in perovskite films. As a result, the efficiency and the operational lifetime of the resultant PeLED are enhanced by more than twofold and threefold, respectively, achieving a maximum external quantum efficiency of 17.6% and an operational lifetime of over 500 min at an initial brightness of 100 cd m-2 .

Mg-doped InSnO nanofiber field-effect transistor for methanol gas detection at room temperature.

Research on high-performance gas sensors for detecting toxic and harmful methanol gas is still a very important issue. For gas sensors, it is very important to be able to achieve low concentration detection at room temperature. In this work, we used the electrospinning method to prepare Mg-doped InSnO nanofiber field-effect transistors (FETs) methanol gas sensor. When the Mg element doping concentration is 2.3 mol.%, InSnO nanofiber FET exhibits excellent electrical properties, including higher mobility of 3.17 cm2V-1s-1, threshold voltage of 1.51 V, subthreshold swing of 0.42 V/decade, the excellent on/off current ratio is about 108and the positive bias stress stability of the InSnO nanofiber FET through Mg doping has been greatly improved. In addition, the InSnMgO nanofiber FET gas sensor exhibits acceptable gas selectivity and sensitivity to methanol gas at room temperature. In the methanol gas sensor test at room temperature, when the methanol gas concentration is 60 ppm at room temperature, the response value of the InSnMgO nanofiber FET gas sensor is 81.92; and when the methanol concentration is 5 ppm, the response value is still 1.21. This work provides an effective and novel way to build a gas sensor at room temperature and use it to detect methanol gas at room temperature.

Efficacy of ablation index-guided pulmonary vein isolation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

BACKGROUND: Ablation index (AI) is a novel technology of ablation lesion quality to help improve homogeneity of lesion size and continuity. In this study, we aim to evaluate whether AI-guided PVI improves clinical outcomes compared to CF-guided PVI in patients with paroxysmal AF (PAF). METHODS: Patients undergoing first-time radiofrequency ablation for PAF were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to two groups: AI-guided PVI and CF-guided PVI. In the AI group, AI ≥500 was recommended at the anterior/superior/inferior walls, 350-400 at the posterior wall, and inter-lesion distance ≤4 mm. The primary endpoint is the freedom from atrial arrhythmia recurrence during 12 months follow-up, without antiarrhythmic drug therapy (ADT). The key secondary endpoints include intra-procedural efficiency and peri-procedural complications. RESULTS: Two hundred twenty five patients were randomized (AI group [n = 149] and CF group [n = 76]). First-pass isolation rate in AI group was significantly higher than that in CF group (58.3% vs. 43.4%, p = .035). After a median follow-up of 12.2 months, 154/225 (68.4%) of patients were free from atrial arrhythmia recurrence without ADT, which was higher in AI group compared with CF group, but without significant difference (71.1% vs. 63.2%, p = .253). The incidence of peri-procedural complications is low and without difference between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: AI-guided ablation provided higher acute efficacy than CF-guided ablation in PV isolation for patients with paroxysmal AF. The long-term success rate in AI group was higher than CF group, but did not reach statistical significance.

Activation of lesion projection zone in primary visual cortex is dependent on bilateral central vision loss in patients with end-stage glaucoma.

PURPOSE: To investigate activation of the lesion projection zone (LPZ) in the primary visual cortex during end-stage glaucoma using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), as well as the relationship between fMRI responses and clinical data. METHODS: Twelve subjects with bilateral end-stage glaucoma (group A), 12 with unilateral end-stage glaucoma (group B) and 12 healthy controls (group C) were enrolled. fMRI was performed under two testing stimuli conditions: passive viewing of a full-field flickering checkerboard and active viewing of a one-back task with scene images. In fMRI analysis, the primary visual cortex was divided into six regions of interest (ROIs). The beta values of the six ROIs were compared across the three groups using one-way analysis of variance under two viewing conditions. Associations between the fMRI beta value and clinical data including multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG), microperimeter-1 and optical coherence tomography were analysed by Spearman correlation. RESULTS: The beta values for ROIs 1-3 representing the LPZ were significantly different between the three groups under active viewing conditions, whereas no significant changes were detected under passive viewing. In group A, there were significant differences between all six ROIs for the two viewing conditions, while no significant differences were found in groups B and C. In group A, the P-wave amplitudes of the mfERG was significantly correlated with the beta values of ROIs 1 and 2 under active viewing. In addition, the P-wave latencies of the mfERG were significantly correlated with the beta values for ROIs 2-5. No associations were found between fMRI beta values and clinical data in groups B and C. CONCLUSIONS: Activation of the LPZ in the primary visual cortex was observed in patients with bilateral end-stage glaucoma under active viewing conditions. These changes were correlated with residual retinal function.

Photoacoustic Effect of Near-Infrared Absorbing Organic Molecules via Click Chemistry.

Near-infrared dyes were developed to be contrast agents due to their ability to improve the productivity of photoacoustic (PA) imaging and photothermal therapy (PTT) treatments. During the article, we described in detail the PA and PT effects of a category of organic molecules. F4-TCNQ could potentially cause a red-shift in the peak PA intensity. The results show that the PTT intensity of the near-infrared dyes with phenyl groups were higher than near-infrared dyes with thiophene groups. We also investigated the photodynamic treatment effect of C1b to demonstrate that these dyes are highly desirable in biochemistry. The high photoacoustic intensity of the organic molecules and the good yield of reactive oxygen species could indicate that these dyes have good potential for a wide range of imaging applications. Finally, we embedded the dye (C1b) in a liposomal hydrophobic phospholipid bilayer (C1b⊂L) to facilitate the application of hydrophobic dyes in biomedical applications, which can be absorbed by cells with good compatible and high stability for the imaging of cellular PA.

High ionic conductivity Li0.33La0.557TiO3nanofiber/polymer composite solid electrolyte for flexible transparent InZnO synaptic transistors.

With the rapid development of wearable artificial intelligence devices, there is an increasing demand for flexible oxide neuromorphic transistors with the solid electrolytes. To achieve high-performance flexible synaptic transistors, the solid electrolytes should exhibit good mechanical bending characteristics and high ion conductivity. However, the polymer-based electrolytes with good mechanical bending characteristics show poor ion conductivity (10-6-10-7S cm-1), which limits the performance of flexible synaptic transistors. Thus, it is urgent to improve the ion conductivity of the polymer-based electrolytes. In the work, a new strategy of electrospun Li0.33La0.557TiO3nanofibers-enhanced ion transport pathway is proposed to simultaneously improve the mechanical bending and ion conductivity of polyethylene oxide/polyvinylpyrrolidone-based solid electrolytes. The flexible InZnO synaptic transistors with Li0.33La0.557TiO3nanofibers-based solid electrolytes successfully simulated excitatory post-synaptic current, paired-pulse-facilitation, dynamic time filter, nonlinear summation, two-terminal input dynamic integration and logic function. This work is a useful attempt to develop high-performance synaptic transistors.

Effect of inferior oblique muscle belly transposition on versions and vertical alignment in primary position.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of inferior oblique muscle belly transposition (IOBT) on vertical deviation (VD) in primary position and inferior oblique overaction (IOOA). METHODS: Twenty-eight patients who underwent unilateral IOBT for mild hypertropia (≤ 10△) due to unilateral IOOA were included. Surgical results regarding the correction of hypertropia, IOOA, and fovea disc angle (FDA) were analyzed and compared between groups A (VD ≤ 5△) and B (5△ < VD ≤ 10△). RESULTS: IOBT showed an overall reduction of 5.86△ (± 2.24△) of primary position VD, a mean correction of 1.00 (± 0.27) of IOOA, and an average change of 1.83° (± 3.02°) of FDA. The surgical success rate of IOBT for VD correction and IOOA elimination in all patients was 68% and 71%, respectively. The correction of VD was correlated with preoperative VD significantly (r = 0.86, p < 0.001). Consistently, IOBT demonstrated comparable efficacy in reduction of VD between group A and group B (p = 0.507). Furthermore, the two groups were comparable in the success rates for correcting VD and IOOA (both p > 0.05). None of the patients developed consecutive hypotropia, postoperative contralateral IOOA, or anti-elevation syndrome postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: IOBT achieved satisfactory outcomes in patients with mild primary position VD (≤ 10△) that is associated with unilateral IOOA, without any risk of overcorrection of VD and contralateral IOOA for a follow-up period of up to 12 months. This procedure is considered effective and safe alternative for weakening the IO in patients with appropriate surgical indications.

Role of the Hippo-YAP/NF-κB signaling pathway crosstalk in regulating biological behaviors of macrophages under titanium ion exposure.

The presence of metal ions, such as titanium (Ti) ions, is toxic to adjacent tissues of implants. Indeed, Ti ions may induce an inflammatory response through the NF-κB pathway, thus causing damage to soft and hard tissues. The involvement of Yes-associated protein (YAP), a key factor of the Hippo pathway, in an immuno-inflammatory response has been confirmed, whereas its role in Ti ion-mediated inflammation has not been elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of signal crosstalk between the Hippo/YAP and NF-κB signaling pathways in the pro-inflammatory effect of Ti ions on macrophages. In our work, RAW264.7 cells were cocultured with Ti ions. The migration capacity of macrophages under Ti ion exposure was measured by transwell assay. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expressions of related proteins. Polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The nucleus translocation of YAP and P65 was visualized and analyzed via immunofluorescence staining. The results showed that the migration of macrophages was promoted under Ti ion exposure. Ten parts per million Ti ions induced nuclear expression of YAP and activated the NF-κB pathway, which finally upregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Moreover, the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway rescued the reduction of YAP expression under Ti ion exposure. Most importantly, the overexpression of YAP exacerbated the inflammatory response mediated by Ti ions through the NF-κB pathway. In summary, this study explored the mechanism of Hippo-YAP/NF-κB pathway crosstalk involved in the regulation of macrophage behaviors under Ti ion exposure.

Concise Approach to T-Shaped NBN-Phenalene Cored Luminogens as Intensive Blue Light Emitters.

Small organic molecules with finely tunable physical properties are highly desired for the fabrication of low-cost and high-performance organic electronic devices. In this work, the syntheses of a series of T-shaped NBN-embedded dibenzophenalene derivatives through the formation of a key brominated intermediate in a stoichiometrically controlled reaction are presented. The geometric and electronic structures of these T-shaped molecules can be simply tailored by attaching substituents along the direction perpendicular to the molecular main backbones, resulting in desirable physical properties, such as high thermal stability with a decomposition temperature of more than 350 °C, and intensive blue luminescence with a quantum yield up to 0.62. Organic light-emitting diode devices fabricated with such molecules as the emitting layer release pure blue light with CIE (0.16, 0.12).

A new quantitative mapping criterion to localize the ablation target of right ventricular outflow tract arrhythmias.

PURPOSE: (1) To explore the electrophysiological characteristics of the bipolar and unipolar electrogram (UEGM) of ablation targets for RVOT arrhythmias. (2) To optimize the diagnostic criteria of RVOT arrhythmia ablation targets. METHODS AND RESULTS: A consecutive series of 111 patients with RVOT arrhythmias who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) were studied. The voltage of bipolar potential for ablation targets were evaluated by three-dimensional voltage mapping procedure. The max slope of the descending limb (MSDL)、local activation preceding time (LAPT), the interval of the descending limb (IDL) and the interval of MSDL (IMSDL) of the unipolar potential were then calculated and analyzed for successful targets(ST) and failed targets(FT)groups. Successful ablation was achieved in 102 patients and 9 patients failed. LAPT was higher in the ST group than that in FT group (30.0 ± 4.3 ms vs 22.8 ± 6.3 ms, P < 0.001). IMSDL was lower in the ST group than that in FT group (9.93 ± 6.32 ms vs 21.7 ± 16.1 ms, P < 0.001). IMSDL and LAPT have a predictive value for a ST (AUC 75% and 83.7%). The optimal cut off value for LAPT and IMSDL were 24.5 ms and 20 ms respectively. A better predictive value can be acquired when IMSDL and LAPT were used in combination (AUC 93.9%, Sensibility/Specificity 92.3%/84.2%). CONCLUSION: A combined use of LAPT and IMSDL may be helpful as an additional criterion for ST judgement.