Diet-induced weight loss has chronic tissue-specific effects on glucocorticoid metabolism in overweight postmenopausal women.
Int J Obes (Lond)
; 39(5): 814-9, 2015 May.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25349058
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
Tissue-specific glucocorticoid metabolism is altered in obesity, and may increase cardiovascular risk. This dysregulation is normalized by short-term calorie restriction and weight loss, an effect that varies with dietary macronutrient composition. However, tissue-specific glucocorticoid metabolism has not been studied during long-term (>6 months) dietary interventions. Therefore our aim was to test whether long-term dietary interventions, either a paleolithic-type diet (PD) or a diet according to Nordic nutrition recommendations (NNR) could normalize tissue-specific glucocorticoid metabolism in overweight and obese women. SUBJECTS/METHODS:
Forty-nine overweight/obese postmenopausal women were randomized to a paleolithic diet or a diet according to NNR for 24 months. At baseline, 6 and 24 months anthropometric measurements, insulin sensitivity, excretion of urinary glucocorticoid metabolites in 24-hour collections, conversion of orally administered cortisone to plasma cortisol and transcript levels of 11ß hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11ßHSD1) in subcutaneous adipose tissue were studied.RESULTS:
Both diet groups achieved significant and sustained weight loss. Weight loss with the PD was greater than on NNR diet after 6 months (P<0.001) but similar at 24 months. Urinary measurement of 5α-reductase activity was increased after 24 months in both groups compared with baseline (P<0.001). Subcutaneous adipose tissue 11ßHSD1 gene expression decreased at 6 and 24 months in both diet groups (P=0.036). Consistent with increased liver 11ßHSD1, conversion of oral cortisone to cortisol increased at 6 months (P=0.023) but was unchanged compared with baseline by 24 months.CONCLUSIONS:
Long-term weight loss in postmenopausal women has tissue-specific and time-dependent effects on glucocorticoid metabolism. This may alter local-tissue cortisol exposure contributing to improved metabolic function during weight loss.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Hidrocortisona
/
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares
/
Pérdida de Peso
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Tejido Adiposo
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Posmenopausia
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11-beta-Hidroxiesteroide Deshidrogenasa de Tipo 1
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Sobrepeso
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Programas de Reducción de Peso
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
/
Etiology_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J Obes (Lond)
Asunto de la revista:
METABOLISMO
Año:
2015
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Suecia