Association of Cytomegalovirus Serostatus With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccine Responsiveness in Nursing Home Residents and Healthcare Workers.
Open Forum Infect Dis
; 10(2): ofad063, 2023 Feb.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36861088
ABSTRACT
Background:
Latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is immunomodulatory and could affect mRNA vaccine responsiveness. We sought to determine the association of CMV serostatus and prior severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection with antibody (Ab) titers after primary and booster BNT162b2 mRNA vaccinations in healthcare workers (HCWs) and nursing home (NH) residents.Methods:
Nursing home residents (N = 143) and HCWs (N = 107) were vaccinated and serological responses monitored by serum neutralization activity against Wuhan and Omicron (BA.1) strain spike proteins, and by bead-multiplex immunoglobulin G immunoassay to Wuhan spike protein and its receptor-binding domain (RBD). Cytomegalovirus serology and levels of inflammatory biomarkers were also measured.Results:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-naive CMV seropositive (CMV+) HCWs had significantly reduced Wuhan-neutralizing Ab (P = .013), anti-spike (P = .017), and anti-RBD (P = .011) responses 2 weeks after primary vaccination series compared with responses among CMV seronegative (CMV-) HCWs, adjusting for age, sex, and race. Among NH residents without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, Wuhan-neutralizing Ab titers were similar 2 weeks after primary series but were reduced 6 months later (P = .012) between CMV+ and CMV- subjects. Wuhan-neutralizing Ab titers from CMV+ NH residents who had prior SARS-CoV-2 infection consistently trended lower than titers from SARS-CoV-2 experienced CMV- donors. These impaired Ab responses in CMV+ versus CMV- individuals were not observed after booster vaccination or with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.Conclusions:
Latent CMV infection adversely affects vaccine-induced responsiveness to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, a neoantigen not previously encountered, in both HCWs and NH residents. Multiple antigenic challenges may be required for optimal mRNA vaccine immunogenicity in CMV+ adults.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Tipo de estudio:
Risk_factors_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Open Forum Infect Dis
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos