Correlation between Coarse Airborne Particulate Matter and Mortality Rates of Malignant Neoplasm

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: There have been growing interests in harmful effects of dust particles on human health. It has been reported that dust particles negatively affected respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Relationship of dust particles and lung cancer incidence was also investigated. However, there is a lack of studies regarding the relationship between dust particles and cancers except for lung cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship of dust particle concentration and cancer mortality in Korea. METHODS: Average concentration of coarse dust particles (particulate matter 10, PM₁₀) of 2008-2014 were obtained from AirKorea website and cancer mortality was found in Statistics Korea for 2008-2014. Correlation analyses using PM₁₀ and cancer mortality were performed. Age-adjusted death rate (AADR) was used for correlation analysis because a number of death and mortality rate do not reflect population and age of death. Regional annual PM₁₀ was matched with AADR of identical area. Correlation between two variables was presented in scatter plots and Pearson's correlation analysis was performed. RESULTS: PM₁₀ concentration was positively correlated with AADR of malignant neoplasm, lung cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, uterus cancer, and leukemia. PM₁₀ concentration was significantly correlated with AADR of malignant neoplasm (r=0.247, P=0.009), lung cancer (r=0.277, P=0.003), stomach cancer (r=0.434, P=0.000), colon cancer (r=0.377, P=0.000), and uterus cancer (r=0.226, P=0.017). CONCLUSION: This study suggested that cancer patients or high-risk group for cancer should pay attention to PM₁₀ concentration. Large-scale studies should investigate the relationship of PM10 concentration and cancer incidence including cancer mortality to extend understanding of this cross-section study.