Chemical Vapor Deposition of Organic-Inorganic Bismuth-Based Perovskite Films for Solar Cell Application.

Perovskite solar cells have shown a rapid increase of performance and overcome the threshold of 20% power conversion efficiency (PCE). The main issues hampering commercialization are the lack of deposition methods for large areas, missing long-term device stability and the toxicity of the commonly used Pb-based compounds. In this work, we present a novel chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process for Pb-free air-stable methylammonium bismuth iodide (MBI) layers, which enables large-area production employing close-coupled showerhead technology. We demonstrate the influence of precursor rates on the layer morphology as well as on the optical and crystallographic properties. The impact of substrate temperature and layer thickness on the morphology of MBI crystallites is discussed. We obtain smooth layers with lateral crystallite sizes up to 500 nm. Moreover, the application of CVD-processed MBI layers in non-inverted perovskite solar cells is presented.

[Taking Care of Asylum Seekers: Occupational Health Aspects with a Special Focus on Vaccination]. / Arbeitsmedizinische Aspekte und Impfschutz beim Umgang mit Asylbewerbern.

Employees and volunteers often feel insecure about the potential transmission of infectious diseases when taking care of asylum seekers. It could be shown that overall only a minor risk of infection emanates from asylum seekers. However, aspects of occupational health and vaccination should be kept in mind.Besides the standard vaccination the Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO) recommends for occupational indication, which is given for employees and volunteers in asylum facilities, vaccination against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, polio (if the last vaccination was more than 10 years before) as well as influenza (seasonal).According to the German Occupational Safety and Health Act taking care of the employer has to determine which exposures might occur at the workplace (risk assessment) and define necessary protection measures. Depending on task and exposure when taking care of asylum seekers different acts (e. g. biological agents regulation) and technical guidelines for the handling biological agents (e. g. TRBA 250 or TRBA 500) have to be applied.The Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL) has published several information sheets regarding "asylum seekers and health management" for employees and volunteers from the non-medical as well as the medical area (www.lgl.bayern.de search term "Asylbewerber"). With theses publications insecurities in taking care of asylum seekers should be prevented. Furthermore the employer gets support in the implementation of legal obligations to ensure occupational safety for the employees.

The serologically defined colon cancer antigen-3 interacts with the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN13 and is involved in the regulation of cytokinesis.

Cytokinesis is the final step of cell division. Increasing evidence suggests failure of cytokinesis might contribute to the development of cancer. Here, we demonstrate that the serologically defined colon cancer antigen-3 (SDCCAG3) forms a complex with PTPN13, a protein tyrosine phosphatase known to be involved in the regulation of cytokinesis, carcinogenesis and tumor aggressiveness. We show that SDCCAG3 is a novel endosomal protein, primarily localized at the early/recycling endosomal compartment. SDCCAG3 undergoes dynamic localization during cell division with strong accumulation at the midbody during cytokinesis. Overexpression as well as downregulation correlates with the generation of multinucleate cells. Furthermore, we show interaction of SDCCAG3 with the Arf GTPase activating protein GIT1 (G protein-coupled receptor kinase interactor-1). Overexpression of an ArfGAP-negative version of GIT1 also results in an increased number of multinucleate cells suggesting regulation of Arf-mediated vesicular trafficking or signaling via SDCCAG3. Finally, we demonstrate that SDCCAG3 expression levels are elevated in colon cancers. In summary, we have established SDCCAG3 as a novel endosomal protein, which is involved in the regulation of cytokinesis.