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1.
Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk ; (1): 75-80, 2012.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22550715

RESUMEN

The review of studies of Russian researchers on theoretical and practical aspects of genetic predisposition to type 1 diabetes associated with immunity: HLA and not HLA genes. Most important for practical public health outcomes are evidence that HLA-genetic predisposition to type 1 diabetes is associated with the DRB1-genotype, consisting entirely of variants DRB1-genes associated with the development of T1D. It was also established that CTLA4 gene has an independent predictive value for T1D.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Pruebas Genéticas/métodos , Antígenos HLA-DR , Fenómenos Inmunogenéticos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/genética , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/inmunología , Estudios de Asociación Genética , Antígenos HLA-DR/genética , Antígenos HLA-DR/inmunología , Humanos , Complejo Mayor de Histocompatibilidad/genética , Complejo Mayor de Histocompatibilidad/inmunología , Linaje , Polimorfismo Genético/inmunología , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas
2.
Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova ; 98(9): 1041-52, 2012 Sep.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23293809

RESUMEN

Current data on physiological role of human immune response genes' proteomic products (antigens) are discussed. The antigens are specified by a very high level of diversity that mediates a wide specter ofphysiological functions. They actually provide integrity and biological stability of human as species. These data reveal new ideas on many pathological processes as well as drafts new approaches for prophylaxis and treatment.


Asunto(s)
Genoma Humano/inmunología , Antígenos HLA/genética , Antígenos HLA/inmunología , Inmunidad Innata , Alelos , Asia , Europa (Continente) , Variación Genética , Antígenos HLA/clasificación , Humanos , Medio Oriente , Filogenia , Filogeografía , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Proteómica
3.
Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova ; 96(8): 787-805, 2010 Aug.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20968064

RESUMEN

The paper presents modern idea of regulatory role of the human immune system in performing a number of physiological functions including intercellular interactions, reproductive process, and forming of protection against external and internal aggression. Significance of the immune system is considered and substantiated, that of genes of the human immune response in particular in provision of human survival as a biological species.


Asunto(s)
Antígenos HLA/inmunología , Sistema Inmunológico/fisiología , Inmunoglobulinas/fisiología , Reproducción/inmunología , Agresión/fisiología , Evolución Biológica , Comunicación Celular/inmunología , Citocinas/inmunología , Antígenos HLA/química , Antígenos HLA/clasificación , Humanos , Sistema Inmunológico/citología , Inmunoglobulinas/química , Linfocitos/citología , Linfocitos/inmunología , Modelos Moleculares
4.
Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova ; 95(3): 235-49, 2009 Mar.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19449780

RESUMEN

Identification of HLA genes and further identification of their biological role were among major achievements of medical-biological science in XX century. Several Nobel Prizes awarded in that field of science proved their importance. The end of XX Century and beginning of the XXI century were marked by introduction of molecular genetic methods in research. The contributed to development and revision of current ideas of physiological role of HLA supporting genetic homeostasis and human survival as species. Moreover they prompted to review the existing concepts of inter- and intra-populational polymorphism among HLA-frequencies.


Asunto(s)
Adaptación Fisiológica/inmunología , Antígenos HLA/genética , Antígenos HLA/inmunología , Infecciones/inmunología , Reproducción , Adaptación Fisiológica/genética , Animales , Femenino , Genética de Población , Humanos , Infecciones/genética , Masculino , Polimorfismo Genético , Selección Genética
5.
Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk ; (10): 45-51, 2008.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19140398

RESUMEN

New original data are presented on the use of achievements in human molecular immunogenetics in the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus. They include materials allowing for the prediction of the development of the disease at the population, family, and individual levels along with novel approaches to its radical treatment by the reconstitution of the lost glucose tolerance. The reported data may find wide application in current clinical practice. They open up new prospects for the enhancement of efficacy of prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus and other autoimmune diseases.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/genética , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/diagnóstico , Marcadores Genéticos , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genotipo , Prueba de Tolerancia a la Glucosa , Antígenos HLA/genética , Haplotipos , Humanos , Inmunogenética , Complejo Mayor de Histocompatibilidad , Tamizaje Masivo , Polimorfismo Genético , Pronóstico , Factores de Riesgo , Federación de Rusia
6.
Vopr Virusol ; 52(2): 8-12, 2007.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17500231

RESUMEN

The effect of siRNA against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was investigated in the cultured cells. MA104 cells were inoculated by RSV and transfected by different variants of siRNA against RSV phosphoprotein (P) mRNA or non-specific siRNA as a control. The inhibition of RSV was assessed by microscopically studying the cells, titrating the virus, and estimating viral RNA quantity in the culture supernatants by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The most potent variants of siRNA caused an up to 8-day delay of microscopically detectable syncytium generation to 8 days, an up to 280-fold decrease in viral titers, and an up to 40-fold reduction in viral RNA quantity in the supernatants, as compared to the controls (p < 0.001). RSV mRNA is a suitable target for siRNA-mediated RSV replication inhibition, promising an advance in the treatment of RSV infection.


Asunto(s)
ARN Interferente Pequeño , Virus Sincitiales Respiratorios/fisiología , Transfección/métodos , Animales , Línea Celular , Fosfoproteínas/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , ARN Viral/metabolismo , Especificidad de la Especie , Proteínas Virales/genética , Replicación Viral
7.
Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova ; 92(4): 393-401, 2006 Apr.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16813146

RESUMEN

The data presented in this paper shows the role of HLA genes and their products HLA-antigens in reproduction. The study is concentrated on new ideas of the role and mechanisms underlyin the functions of both classical and newly determined HLA genes and their products: New data and hypotheses on HLA-molecules' role in "physiological" pregnancy are discussed.


Asunto(s)
Antígenos HLA/inmunología , Embarazo/inmunología , Reproducción/inmunología , Femenino , Antígenos HLA/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Embarazo/genética
8.
Ter Arkh ; 77(2): 54-9, 2005.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15807454

RESUMEN

AIM: To study possible immunogenetic HLA markers of chronic viral hepatitides. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using the reaction of complement-dependent cytotoxicity by Terasaki, we analysed distribution of leukocytic HLA antigens (loci A, B and C) in 179 patients with chronic viral hepatitides B, C and D in Russians and Kazakhs living in the Astrakhan Region. RESULTS: In the Russian population we discovered a significant positive association of CVHB with HLA-B18, HLA-B35, HLA-B40, HLA-Cw3 antigens, and negative one--with HLA-A2. In Kazakhs with CVHB there was a positive association with HLA-A3, HLA-B18 and negative one--with HLA-A11. Alleles HLA-A10, HLA-B35, HLA-B40 and HLA-Cw3 mark CVHC in Russians. HLA-Cw4 specificity acts as protector in development of chronic HCV-infection. A correlation was found between carriage of some specificities and haplotypes of HLA and activity of chronic HBV and HCV infection. A high risk of chronic delta infection in Russians is associated with HLA-B8 and HLA-B35, in Kazakhs--with HLA-B35 and HLA-D40. There are significant associations between CVHB, CVHC, chronic delta infection and some HLA haplotypes. CONCLUSION: A universal role of HLA-B35 specificity in development of CVH irrespective of hepatotropic virus and patients' nationality is shown.


Asunto(s)
Antígenos HLA/inmunología , Hepatitis Viral Humana/etnología , Hepatitis Viral Humana/inmunología , Enfermedad Crónica , Antígenos HLA-C/inmunología , Hepatitis A/etnología , Hepatitis A/inmunología , Hepatitis B/etnología , Hepatitis B/inmunología , Hepatitis C/etnología , Hepatitis C/inmunología , Hepatitis D/etnología , Hepatitis D/inmunología , Humanos , Kazajstán , Federación de Rusia
9.
Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova ; 89(3): 313-28, 2003 Mar.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12968524

RESUMEN

In addition to performing its major physiological function--a control of the immune response, the major gene complex: HLA system, also maintains a human genetic diversity. The latter provides optimal conditions for survival of human being as species. We submit modern data on genome and proteome mechanisms which are principal for maintenance of these functions.


Asunto(s)
Genes MHC Clase II/fisiología , Antígenos HLA , Animales , Antígenos HLA/química , Antígenos HLA/genética , Antígenos HLA/fisiología , Histocompatibilidad , Humanos , Modelos Moleculares , Polimorfismo Genético
10.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12524991

RESUMEN

In cultures of S. pyogenes isolated from patients and carriers in different territories of the Russian Federation the genes of erythorogenic toxins A, B and C (speA, speB and specC) were detected. The possibility of the identification of S. pyogenes by means of PCR on the basis of primers to erythrogenic toxin B was determined. Gene speB was detected in all S. pyogenes cultures under study and proved to be species specific. Genes speA and speC were detected, respectively, in 29.4% and 9.35% of the S. pyogenes cultures under study. A test system for the identification of S. pyogenes on the basis of primers to gene speB was developed. The prospects for the detection of genes speA and speC for intraspecific typing of this infective agent were evaluated.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas , Exotoxinas/genética , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genes Bacterianos , Proteínas de la Membrana , Streptococcus pyogenes/genética , Streptococcus pyogenes/aislamiento & purificación , Cartilla de ADN , Exotoxinas/análisis , Humanos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Federación de Rusia/epidemiología , Especificidad de la Especie , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/epidemiología , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/microbiología
11.
Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova ; 86(3): 280-4, 2000 Mar.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10808524

RESUMEN

Most parameters of the immune status were found to depend on the HLA-antigens determined in the phenotypes of the human subjects under study. The findings suggest a HLA-transmitted genetic regulation of immune response. Various HLA-markers related to certain parameters of the immune status, were determined. These markers seem to be unique and different for each examined population.


Asunto(s)
Pueblo Asiatico/genética , Antígenos HLA/inmunología , Población Blanca/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina A/sangre , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Inmunoglobulina M/sangre , Interleucina-2/sangre , Leucocitos/inmunología , Masculino , Fagocitosis , Fenotipo
12.
Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk ; (4): 35-9, 1999.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10377882

RESUMEN

The paper presents the results of recent studies of human major histocompatibility complex. They are due to the progress made at the serological and molecular genetic levels of research and are applied in practical medicine, including in endocrinological and transplantological care. The main prospects of using these achievements in immunogenetics in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases, including AIDS are defined.


Asunto(s)
Inmunogenética/tendencias , Medicina , Humanos , Investigación/tendencias
14.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9245157

RESUMEN

Patients' genotyping of Russian ethnic group with multiple sclerosis (MS) was performed for the first time in two loci of the main complex of histocompatibility: in DR HLA class II (gene DRB1) and in the locus of tumor necrosis factors (TNF). There was no difference in the incidence of alleles groups which correlated with some specificity of DR. Meanwhile TNF-a1 and TNF-a9 alleles were encountered significantly more frequently in patients and TNF-a7 in control group. When all the patients and controls examined were divided into groups in dependence on combination of DR and TNF it was found that relations observed between MS and TNF-a7 and TNF-a9 alleles were displayed much more in individuals which carried alleles of gene DRB1, corresponding to DR15 specificity. These are alleles which are known as the main risk factor of MS in Caucasians. The patients with "protective" TNF-a7 allele were characterized by more favorable course of the disease. Thus highly significant genetic markers were revealed for the first time in region of TNF genes which were associated with increased or decreased risk of MS development at least in Russian ethnic group. There was also possibility of their interaction with group of DR15 alleles of DRB1 gene. One of the markers revealed (TNF-a7) occurred to be bound both with decreased risk of MS and with favorable clinical course, which was observed for genetic markers of MS for the first time. Manifestation of one or another property of TNF-a7 marker depends on the presence of alleles of DRB1 gene which corresponds to DR15 specificity.


Asunto(s)
Esclerosis Múltiple/etnología , Esclerosis Múltiple/genética , Adulto , Alelos , Enfermedad Crónica , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades , Femenino , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genes MHC Clase II/genética , Genotipo , Antígenos HLA-DR/genética , Haplotipos , Humanos , Masculino , Moscú/epidemiología , Esclerosis Múltiple/inmunología , Factores de Riesgo , Federación de Rusia/etnología , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/genética
15.
Med Tekh ; (5): 21-5, 1997.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9445974

RESUMEN

The paper describes a system able to combine conventional techniques of diagnostic x-ray imaging with direct digital imaging on the original receiver with a resolution of 1.2 lin/mm. Digital roentgenography may be introduced into medical practice basing on the system of computers at the working places of roentgenologist and his assistant. Data base of long-term storage of x-ray images and input software for each x-ray picture are outlined. The authors have some experience of utilizing the system in the random sequence of patients (20,000) in general and specialized hospitals of Novosibirsk.


Asunto(s)
Radiografía , Sistemas de Información Radiológica , Bases de Datos como Asunto , Hospitales Generales , Hospitales Especializados , Humanos , Siberia , Programas Informáticos
19.
Probl Endokrinol (Mosk) ; 38(2): 8-12, 1992.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1513781

RESUMEN

Analysis of immunocompetent cell subsets in peripheral blood of patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the determination of sICA-autoantibodies in their sera were performed by flow rate cytometry and compared to healthy donors and patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). It was shown that newly diagnosed IDDM was characterized by predominant disturbances of humoral immunity, and disease progression was mainly accompanied by cellular immunity disturbances. Exogenous insulin was one of the causes of such disturbances. A tendency to normalization of cellular rather than humoral immunity was observed after the onset of human monocompetent therapy of IDDM patients. It is likely that the appearance in the peripheral blood of activated T-lymphocytes accompanied by sICA-autoantibodies and increased mature B-lymphocytes and NK-cells counts corresponds to increased ADCC against pancreatic beta cells in IDDM development.


Asunto(s)
Formación de Anticuerpos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/inmunología , Inmunidad Celular , Animales , Formación de Anticuerpos/efectos de los fármacos , Autoanticuerpos/sangre , Linfocitos B/inmunología , Células Cultivadas , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/tratamiento farmacológico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Inmunidad Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Insulina/uso terapéutico , Islotes Pancreáticos/inmunología , Recuento de Leucocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Activación de Linfocitos/inmunología , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T/inmunología
20.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2147812

RESUMEN

The study of the proliferative and regulatory functions of lymphocytes in patients with lepra of the lepromatous type has shown that at the active stage of the disease both the response of lymphocytes to mitogens and their suppressor functions are decreased. During the regression of the disease these characteristics are restored to the normal level only in patients with the relapse-free course of the disease, while patients with relapses in their medical history retain the low level of such characteristics. It is expedient to use these cell-mediated immunity characteristics as signs permitting the formation of risk groups of patients who may expect the relapse of the disease.


Asunto(s)
Lepra Lepromatosa/inmunología , Adulto , Enfermedad Crónica , Humanos , Inmunidad Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Inmunidad Celular/inmunología , Activación de Linfocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Activación de Linfocitos/inmunología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mitógenos/farmacología , Recurrencia , Linfocitos T/efectos de los fármacos , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Linfocitos T Reguladores/efectos de los fármacos , Linfocitos T Reguladores/inmunología
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