RESUMEN
An Avian coronavirus was detected in pools of lungs, tracheas, female reproductive tracts, kidneys, and enteric contents from quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) and laying hen flocks, with and without infectious bronchitis (IB)-like signs, cohoused in farms located in two states of southeastern Brazil during 2009-2010. Although Avian metapneumovirus subtype B was found in two layers samples, Newcastle disease virus was not found in quail or in hens. Based on DNA sequences for the 3'-untranslated region and the gene encoding the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, this avian coronaviruses in quail is an IB virus-like gammacoronavirus.
Asunto(s)
Pollos , Infecciones por Coronavirus/veterinaria , Coturnix , Virus de la Bronquitis Infecciosa/genética , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/virología , Animales , Brasil/epidemiología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/virología , Femenino , Virus de la Bronquitis Infecciosa/aislamiento & purificación , Virus de la Bronquitis Infecciosa/metabolismo , Metapneumovirus/genética , Metapneumovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Metapneumovirus/metabolismo , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Infecciones por Paramyxoviridae/epidemiología , Infecciones por Paramyxoviridae/veterinaria , Infecciones por Paramyxoviridae/virología , Filogenia , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/epidemiología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa/veterinaria , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN/veterinaria , Proteínas Virales/genética , Proteínas Virales/metabolismoRESUMEN
Ethanol stimulates the production of prostaglandins in many species. The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of ethanol on the production of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and luteolysis in bovine females. In the first experiment, Holstein cows at day 17 of the oestrous cycle were treated with 100% ethanol (0.05 ml/kg of body weight, IV; n = 5), saline (0.05 ml/kg of body weight, IV; n = 4) or synthetic prostaglandin (150 µg of D-cloprostenol/cow, IM; n = 4). The plasma concentrations of 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2α (PGFM; the main metabolite of PGF2α measured in the peripheral blood) were assessed by radioimmunoassay (RIA). There was an acute release of PGFM in response to ethanol comparing to other treatments (p ≤ 0.05). However, only cows treated with PGF2α underwent luteolysis. In the second experiment, endometrial explants of cross-bred beef cows (n = 4) slaughtered at day 17 of the oestrous cycle were cultured for 4 h. During the last 3 h, the explants were cultured with medium supplemented with 0, 0.1, 1, 10 or 100 µl of 100% ethanol/ml. Medium samples were collected at hours 1 and 4 and concentrations of PGF2α were measured by RIA. Ethanol did not induce PGF2α production by the endometrium. In conclusion, ethanol does not cause luteolysis in cows because it stimulates production of PGF2α in extra-endometrial tissues.