Parental Perceptions of the Impact of a Child's Complex Chronic Condition: A Validation Study of the Impact on Family Scale.

The diagnosis of a child's complex chronic illness may impact family relationships and cohesion. The Impact on Family Scale (IFS) is an instrument used to assess the parental perception of the effects of children's chronic illness on family life. With a sample of 110 mothers and fathers between the ages of 29 and 50 who have a child with a complex chronic illness, we examine evidence of the validity of the IFS for use in Portugal within this specific family configuration, (1) comparing its factor structure with the original one; (2) assessing its reliability; and (3) evaluating its relationship with life satisfaction and family cohesion/acceptance. As expected, CFA analysis showed that IFS is a one-factor reliable instrument with 12 items (Cronbach's alpha = 0.910), which are negatively correlated with satisfaction with life (r = -0.229, p = 0.016) and positively correlated with family acceptance and cohesion (r = 0.363; p < 0.001). The results support the validity of the IFS in families with children and adolescents with a complex chronic illness. The implications of the use of this instrument for research and professional practice is analyzed.

Parental Burnout and the COVID-19 Pandemic: How Portuguese Parents Experienced Lockdown Measures.

Objective: This work aimed to analyze parental burnout (PB) and establish a comparison between the times before (Wave 1) and during (Wave 2) the COVID-19 pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic brought additional stress to families. The pandemic could be particularly difficult for parents experiencing parental burnout, a condition that involves four dimensions: an overwhelming sense of exhaustion, emotional distancing from the child, saturation or a loss of fulfillment with the parental role, and a sharp contrast between how parents used to be and how they see themselves now. Method: A quasi-longitudinal research design was adopted, comparing two cross-sectional studies among Portuguese parents (N = 995), with an interval of 2 years between each wave of data collection. Participants were surveyed voluntarily through an online questionnaire located on the institutional web platform of the universities involved in the study. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to take into account the associations among variables, alongside controlling the possible confounding effects. Results: Parents have overall higher parental burnout scores in Wave 2 than Wave 1, with increased exhaustion, emotional distancing, and contrast, but decreased saturation. Although parental burnout levels remain higher for mothers across the two Waves, the growth is greater for fathers than for mothers. Conclusion: Reconciling childcare with paid work is a stressful and new experience for many fathers. However, results suggest that even amid a crisis, some parents had the opportunity to deeply bond with their children. Implications: We expect this work to encourage stakeholders to consider proper intervention strategies to address potential parental burnout. Also, initiatives that strengthen gender equity within parenting context are needed.

Preditores das Crenças de Autoeficácia de Jovens Frente aos Papéis de Adulto / Predictors of Young People's Self-Efficacy Beliefs Regarding Adult Roles

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi testar um modelo de predição para as crenças de autoeficácia de jovens face aos papéis de adulto, identificando seus recursos e de seus contextos. Participaram 434 jovens de ambos os sexos (idade entre 18 e 29 anos), provenientes majoritariamente do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Escala de Autoeficácia face aos Papéis de Adulto; Inventário de Habilidades Sociais; Índice de Solidariedade Intergeracional; Inventário de Dimensões da Adultez Emergente; Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil. Resultados indicaram que as variáveis sexo, foco em si, instabilidade, valores familiarese habilidades sociais de expressão de sentimentos positivospredisseram as crenças de autoeficácia dos jovens.São discutidas as implicações desses resultados para pesquisas de avaliação e intervenção.

Abstract In this study, we tested a predictive model for young people's self-efficacy beliefs regarding adult roles to identify their resources and resources of their contexts in the transition to adulthood. Participants were 434 young men and women (aged between 18 and 29 years) from the State of Rio de Janeiro. The instruments used were: Self-efficacy Scale regarding Adult Roles; Social Skills Inventory; Intergenerational Solidarity Index; Inventory of Emerging Adulthood Dimensions; Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria. Results indicated that the variables as gender, self-focus, instability, family values, and expressing positive feelings predicted young people's self-efficacy beliefs. We discuss the implications of these results for research on evaluation and intervention.

Social skills inventory for the elderly: an instrument for use in Brazil / Inventário de habilidades sociais para idosos: instrumento para utilização no Brasil / Inventario de habilidades sociales para ancianos: instrumento para uso en Brasil

We carried out an evaluation of the evidence of internal structure and scores reliability of the Social Skills Inventory for the Elderly (SSI-E) in a sample of 616 Brazilian elderly, between the ages of 60 and 94, from diverse Social-economic stratum. We used EFA, CFA, and reliability measures (Composite Reliability). SSI-E is a 20-item instrument (χ2/gl = 1.406, CFI = 0.912, RMSEA = 0.037, SRMR = 0.0563) with four factors: Emotional expressiveness; Assertiveness; Conversation and social resourcefulness; Affective-sexual approach. The composite reliability of the factors ranged between 0.70 and 0.80, suggesting good precision. The SSI-E allows a very parsimonious application. We discuss the implications of these findings for research, assessment, and intervention on mental health among the elderly.

Considerando a ausência de um instrumento de habilidades sociais específico para idosos, os objetivos deste estudo foram obter e validar uma estrutura própria de itens e fatores para o Inventário de Habilidades Sociais para idosos (IHSI-Del-Prette). Os participantes foram 616 pessoas entre 60 e 94 anos, de diversos níveis socioeconômicos. Foram realizadas Análise Fatorial Exploratória, Análise Fatorial Confirmatória e avaliação da confiabilidade composta. O IHSI-Del-Prette é composto por 20 itens (χ2/gl = 1.406, CFI = 0.912, RMSEA = 0.037, SRMR = 0.0563) organizados em quatro fatores: Assertividade; Conversação e desenvoltura social; Abordagem afetivo-sexual, com confiabilidade composta entre 0.70 e 0.80. O IHSI-Del-Prette possibilita uma avaliação precisa, com contribuições para pesquisa, avaliação e intervenção relacionadas à saúde mental em idosos.

Considerando la ausencia de un instrumento específico de habilidades sociales para los ancianos, los objetivos de este estudio fueron obtener y validar una estructura específica de ítems y factores para el Inventario de Habilidades Sociales para los ancianos (IHSI-Del-Prette). Los participantes fueron 616 personas entre 60 y 94 años, de diferentes niveles socioeconómicos. Se realizaron análisis factoriales exploratorios, análisis factoriales confirmatorios y evaluación de confiabilidad compuesta. El IHSI-Del-Prette consta de 20 ítems (χ2 / gl = 1,406, CFI = 0.912, RMSEA = 0.037, SRMR = 0.0563) distribuidos en cuatro factores: Asertividad; Conversación e ingenio social; Aproximación afectivo-sexual, con fiabilidad entre 0,70 y 0,80. El IHSI-Del-Prette permite una evaluación precisa, con contribuciones a la investigación, evaluación e intervención relacionadas con la salud mental en los ancianos.

The Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Parental Burnout Assessment: Transcultural adaptation and initial validity evidence.

This study aimed to examine the validity of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA), the current gold-standard measure of parental burnout (PB). We surveyed parents in Portugal (N = 407) and Brazil (N = 301). We (a) compared the factor structure of the Brazilian-Portuguese version with the original structure of the PBA, (b) tested the adequacy of a second-order factor structure, (c) evaluated invariance across gender and countries, (d) examined reliability, and (e) evaluated whether PB levels are related to gender, satisfaction with life, and parental self-efficacy (PSE). Results provided evidence for the validity of the Brazilian-Portuguese PBA and its four facets. Factor models supported the use of both individual facet scores and a global PB score. The structures tested were invariant across countries and gender, and all factors had good reliability. Relations with PSE, life satisfaction, and gender provided initial evidence for validity, and suggested a possible influence of intensive motherhood models.

Quality of life and aortobifemoral bypass: The importance of hypogastric arteries.

INTRODUCTION: The aortobifemoral bypass (AFB) is one of the best options to revascularize patients with Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease (AIOD). The impact of this procedure in sexual function (SF) is unpredictable, with 0 to 80% of the patients reporting sexual dysfunction (SD) after surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate SD after AFB and to assess the importance of patent hypogastric arteries before the procedure. METHODS: The study includes only male population submitted to AFB due to AIOD from between January 2013 and March 2016 in Centro Hospital São João (CHSJ). Patients with major amputations after the surgery or dead were excluded. The development of SD was evaluated by phone call. The quality of life before and after the procedure was evaluated by a standardized index score questionnaire (15D). Pre-operative patency of hypogastric arteries was appraised by assessing the patients imaging file. The arteries with direct anterograde flow were considered patent. RESULTS: Of a total of 53 patients, 40 were included in the study - 37% reported worsening, 26% improved and 37% didn't notice any change in SF after surgery. Exclusion causes were intrahospital death (5.7%), natural cause death (9.4%) and major amputation (11.3%). If at least one of the hypogastric arteries was patent before surgery, 51.1% described worsening in SF compared to only 7.1% in the group with no sustained anterograde flow to the hypogastric arteries (p<0.001). The majority of the group (92.1%), wasn't warned of the possibility of SD after surgery, being that 26.3% of these would have refused the procedure if they knew. CONCLUSION: SD is a prevalent and often overlooked complication after open aortoiliac revascularization and it remains a major taboo in the surgeon/patient relation. The existence of at least one hypogastric artery with preserved anterograde flow before surgery can strongly predict a higher risk of SD after surgery.

Introdução: O bypass aortobifemoral (BABF) é uma das melhores opções para revascularizar doentes com patologia aorto-ilíaca oclusiva. O impacto deste procedimento na função sexual é particularmente imprevisível, com 0 a 80% dos doentes a relatar deterioração após a cirurgia. Este trabalho tem como objectivo determinar a evolução da função sexual após BABF e avaliar a importância da permeabilidade pré-operatória das artérias hipogástricas. Métodos: No estudo estão incluídos apenas os doentes do sexo masculino que realizaram BABF por patologia aorto-ilíaca oclusiva entre Janeiro de 2013 e Março de 2016 no Centro Hospitalar São João (CHSJ). Foram excluídos os doentes submetidos a amputação major após a cirurgia. A evolução da função sexual foi avaliada por contacto telefónico. A evolução da qualidade de vida, antes e após a cirurgia, foi avaliada por um questionário padronizado (15D). A permeabilidade pré-operatória das artérias hipogástricas foi avaliada por consulta do processo clínico. Foram consideradas patentes as artérias com fluxo anterógrado directo. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 40 doentes de um total de 53 ­ 37% reportaram agravamento, 26% melhoria e 37% não referiram qualquer alteração da função sexual após a cirurgia. As causas de exclusão foram morte intra-hospitalar (5,7%), morte de causas naturais (9,4%) e amputação major (11,3%). Dos doentes que apresentavam no mínimo uma artéria hipogástrica permeável antes da cirurgia, 57,1% agravou a função sexual, em comparação com apenas 7,1% dos doentes em que nenhuma hipogástrica apresentava fluxo anterógrado preservado (p<0,001). A maior parte dos doentes (92,1%) não foi alertado para o facto da sua função sexual poder deteriorar-se após a cirurgia, sendo que 26,3% teria recusado o procedimento caso tivessem obtido essa informação. Conclusão: A disfunção sexual após a cirurgia de revascularização aorto-ilíaca permanece um tema tabu na relação entre o doente e o cirurgião vascular. A existência de pelo menos uma artéria hipogástrica com fluxo anterógrado preservado antes da cirurgia poderá antever um risco significativamente maior de agravamento da disfunção sexual após o procedimento.

Solidariedade Intergeracional Familiar nas pesquisas brasileiras: revisão integrativa da literatura / Intergenerational Solidarity Family in brazilian research: integrative review of the literature / Solidaridad Intergeneracional Familiar en la investigación brasileña: revisión integradora de la literatura

Este estudo tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados de uma revisão integrativa da literatura das pesquisas brasileiras que abordam uma ou mais dimensões do modelo da Solidariedade Intergeracional Familiar (SIF) desenvolvido por Bengtson e colaboradores. Foram consultados artigos indexados nas bases de dados SciELO, BVSBrasil e PePSIC. Identificaram-se inicialmente 793 artigos e, após a análise dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, restaram 34 que foram analisados na íntegra. Os resultados indicaram a predominância de estudos empíricos, com delineamento transversal e com uma pequena amostra composta por filhos, avós e netos, sendo a temática mais frequente o cuidado de avós com os netos. As dimensões da SIF mais recorrentes foram a funcional e afetiva e a menos frequente a estrutural.

This study aims to conduct an integrative review in order to identify and to characterize Brazilian researches which address one or more dimensions of the Intergenerational Family Solidarity (IFS) model developed by Vern L. Bengtson. Searched databases were: SciELO, BVS-Brazil and PePSIC. 793 articles were identified and analyzed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The remaining 34 studies were fully read. Results indicated that most studies were empirical, with cross-sectional design and small sample of children, grandparents and grandchildren. The most frequent theme was grandparents taking care of their grandchildren. The most recurrent IFS dimensions were functional and affective, and the less recurrent was structural.

El estudio tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión integradora de la literatura para identificar y caracterizar las investigaciones brasileñas que abordan una o más dimensiones del modelo de Solidaridad Intergeneracional Familiar (SIF), Vern L. Bengtson. Fueron consultados artículos indexados en las bases de datos SciELO, BVSBrasil y PePSIC. Se identificó inicialmente 793 artículos y después de analizar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, restaron 34 estudios en su totalidad. Los resultados indicaron la predominancia de estudios empíricos con diseño transversal y una pequeña muestra compuesta por los niños, abuelos y nietos. El tema más frecuente en los artículos citados es el cuidado de los abuelos con los nietos. Las dimensiones del modelo SIF más recurrentes eran funcionales y emocional y la menos frecuente estructural.

Association between religiousness and blood donation among Brazilian postgraduate students from health-related areas.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the association between religiousness and blood donation among postgraduate students. METHODS: The Portuguese-language version of the Duke University Religion Index was administered to a sample of 226 Brazilian students with ages ranging from 22 to 55 years. All study participants had completed undergraduate courses in health-related areas. RESULTS: In the present study, 23.5% of the students were regular donors. Organizational religiousness was found to be associated with attitudes related to blood donation. This study also shows evidence that regular blood donors have a higher intrinsic religiousness than subjects who donate only once and do not return. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the attitudes concerning blood donation may have some association with religiosity.

Association between religiousness and blood donation among Brazilian postgraduate students from health-related areas

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the association between religiousness and blood donation among postgraduate students. METHODS: The Portuguese-language version of the Duke University Religion Index was administered to a sample of 226 Brazilian students with ages ranging from 22 to 55 years. All study participants had completed undergraduate courses in health-related areas. RESULTS: In the present study, 23.5% of the students were regular donors. Organizational religiousness was found to be associated with attitudes related to blood donation. This study also shows evidence that regular blood donors have a higher intrinsic religiousness than subjects who donate only once and do not return. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the attitudes concerning blood donation may have some association with religiosity. .

Translation into Portuguese and validation of the Blood Donation Reactions Inventory.

BACKGROUND: the Blood Donation Reactions Inventory (BDRI) scale was proposed as part of a study about the predictors of psychological reactions in volunteer blood donors, as uncomfortable reactions are associated with a lower probability to return for further donations. OBJECTIVE: to translate the Inventory into Brazilian Portuguese and evaluate its psychometric properties (validity and reliability). The inventory has 11 items, but the literature suggests that shorter inventories, of four or six items, should be used. METHODS: this study was carried out at the blood center of Franca, Brazil. Three people with knowledge of English and familiarity with medical terms translated the Blood Donation Reactions Inventory into Brazilian Portuguese. Aiming to evaluate the objectivity and relevance of the items of the translated instrument, its content was independently evaluated by a panel of eight assessors. After this, data on 1,001 blood donors was collected. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. An exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation was used to analyze the measure for construct validity. RESULTS: the sample consisted of 65.8% men, and 27.3% first time donors. Internal consistency determined by Cronbach's alpha coefficient was satisfactory for the 11, 6 and 4-item scales. Considering the factor analysis, the 11-item scale seems to measure more than one construct as three factors were identified with eigenvalues greater than 1. These factors correspond to 'vasovagal adverse reactions', 'fear' and 'anxiety/excitation'. CONCLUSION: the Portuguese version of the Blood Donation Reactions Inventory is a valid and reliable instrument for collecting information regarding systemic reactions experienced by blood donors. The 6-item scale seems to be useful when the objective is to measure only vasovagal adverse reactions.

Translation into Portuguese and validation of the Blood Donation Reactions Inventory

Background: The Blood Donation Reactions Inventory (BDRI) scale was proposed as part of a study about the predictors of psychological reactions in volunteer blood donors, as uncomfortable reactions are associated with a lower probability to return for further donations. Objective: to translate the Inventory into Brazilian Portuguese and evaluate its psychometric properties (validity and reliability). The inventory has 11 items, but the literature suggests that shorter inventories, of four or six items, should be used. Methods: this study was carried out at the blood center of Franca, Brazil. Three people with knowledge of English and familiarity with medical terms translated the Blood Donation Reactions Inventory into Brazilian Portuguese. Aiming to evaluate the objectivity and relevance of the items of the translated instrument, its content was independently evaluated by a panel of eight assessors. After this, data on 1,001 blood donors was collected. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. An exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation was used to analyze the measure for construct validity. Results: the sample consisted of 65.8% men, and 27.3% first time donors. Internal consistency determined by Cronbach's alpha coefficient was satisfactory for the 11, 6 and 4-item scales. Considering the factor analysis, the 11-item scale seems to measure more than one construct as three factors were identified with eigenvalues greater than 1. These factors correspond to 'vasovagal adverse reactions', 'fear' and 'anxiety/excitation'. Conclusion: the Portuguese version of the Blood Donation Reactions Inventory is a valid and reliable instrument for collecting information regarding systemic reactions experienced by blood donors. The 6-item scale seems to be useful when the objective is to measure only vasovagal adverse reactions.

Diagnósticos de enfermagem prevalentes em geriatria segundograu de dependência / Prevalent nursing diagnoses in geriatrics according to disabilitylevel / Diagnósticos de enfermería prevalentes en geriatría según el gradode dependencia

Este é um estudo quantitativo realizado no Ambulatório da Liga Acadêmica de Geriatria e Gerontologia daFaculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, tendo como objetivo conhecer o perfil dos idosos atendidos e seu grau de dependência em relação às atividades básicas da vida diária. A partir dessas informações, elaboramos osdiagnósticos de enfermagem presentes na população em estudo e selecionamos os mais frequentes com afinalidade de compor uma etapa do instrumento para a consulta de enfermagem em geriatria. Constatamos queos pacientes idosos dependentes são predominantemente do sexo feminino, viúvos, e têm, em média, 81 anosde idade e 4 anos de estudo. Dor crônica relacionada à incapacidade física e andar prejudicado relacionado àpresença de patologias osteo articulares são exemplos de diagnósticos mais frequentes na população estudada.É importante que o enfermeiro atuante na área geriátrica implemente a sistematização da assistência de enfermagem baseado no conhecimento da população com a qual trabalha, atentando para o grau dedependência dos idosos com relação às atividades básicas da vida diária, a fim de que o cuidado seja integral,individualizado, e preserve a autonomia ainda existente na vida do idoso.

This is a quantitative study conducted at the Outpatient Clinic of the Geriatrics and Gerontology Academic Leagueof Botucatu School of Medicine. It aimed at learning about the profile of elderly patients and their level of disabilityin relation to basic activities of daily living. Based on this information, nursing diagnoses for the population understudy were made, and the most frequent diagnosed were selected with the purpose of composing a stage of theinstrument for nursing consultation in geriatric. It was found that the disabled elderly patients were predominantlyfemales and widowed. They had a mean age of 81 years and had completed the first 4 grades of elementaryschool. Chronic pain related to physical disability and impaired ambulation related to the presence ofosteoarticular diseases are examples of the most common diagnoses in the studied population. It is important thatgeriatric nurses implement Nursing Care Systematization based on the knowledge of the population to which theyattend by considering the level of disability of elderly patients with respect to basic activities of daily living, so thatfull and individualized care can be provided and the patients’ remaining autonomy can be preserved.

Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo realizado en el Ambulatorio de la Liga Académica de Geriatría y Gerontologíade la Facultad de Medicina de Botucatu, que tiene como objetivo conocer el perfil de los ancianos atendidos y sugrado de dependencia con relación a las Actividades Básicas de la Vida Diaria. Con estas informaciones,elaboramos los diagnósticos de enfermería presentes en la población en estudio y seleccionamos los más frecuentes con el propósito de componer una etapa del instrumento para la consulta de enfermería en geriatría.Constatamos que los pacientes ancianos dependientes son predominantemente del sexo femenino, viudos ytienen en media 81 años de edad y 4 años de estudio. Dolor crónico relacionado con la incapacidad física yandar perjudicado relacionado con la presencia de patologías osteoarticulares son ejemplos de diagnósticos másfrecuentes en la población estudiada. Es importante que el enfermero actuante en el área geriátrica implementela Sistematización de la Asistencia de Enfermería basado en el conocimiento de la población con la cual trabaja,fijándose al grado de dependencia de los ancianos con relación a las Actividades Básicas de la Vida Diaria, paraque el cuidado sea integral e individualizado y preserve la autonomía aun existente en la vida del anciano.