Association between environmental factors during the COVID-19 pandemic and functioning of infants with biological risk in the first year of life: Cross-sectional exploratory study.

BACKGROUND: Child development can be influenced by family and environmental factors, which changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, it is important to explore how these factors are associated with the functioning of infants with biological risk in the first year of life. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate associations between family factors, home opportunities, caregiver perception of environmental support and barriers at home and environmental factors during the COVID-19 pandemic and gross motor skills and home participation in infants with biological risk in the first year of life. METHODS: Fifty-six infants aged two to 12 months (M = 5.80 months; ±2.44) and their mothers performed remote assessments of gross motor skills using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS); participation and environment (phone call) by the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM); family factors (income, age and maternal education), home opportunities - The Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development - Infant Scale (AHEMD-IS) and environmental factors during the COVID-19 pandemic (social distancing, emotional and financial factors and physiotherapy) (online forms). Regression models were constructed, considering gross motor skills and home participation as outcome variables, with a 5 % significance level. RESULTS: We found that older maternal age (p = 0.001), more home opportunities (p = 0.043), and less rigorous social distancing (as opposed to total social distancing [p = 0.045]) were significantly associated with better gross motor skills; and higher maternal education (p = 0.050) was associated with more involvement in home activities. CONCLUSION: Family factors, home opportunities and social distancing were differently associated with the gross motor skills and home participation of infants with biological risk in the first year of life.

Home participation and personal and environmental factors in children and adolescents with Down syndrome.

AIM: To describe current home participation (frequency, involvement) and caregiver's desire for change in home participation of children and adolescents with Down syndrome, as well as home environmental factors, and to explore the associations of personal and environmental factors with current participation and caregiver's desire for change. METHOD: Eighty-two caregivers (mean age = 45 years 10 months) of children and adolescents with Down syndrome (mean age = 10 years 7 months) were surveyed about the child's home participation and environmental factors using the Participation and Environment Measure-Children and Youth. Furthermore, children's personal and environmental factors were collected. Results are reported using descriptive analysis and correlations (Spearman's rank correlation coefficients and Mann-Whitney U test) to describe the relationship between current participation and caregiver's desire for change, with personal and environmental factors as ordinal and nominal variables respectively (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Children's participation was highest with regard to personal care management and lowest with regard to school-related activities. Most caregivers desired change in homework and household chores. Greater frequency was associated with male sex, caregiver less rigorous social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and children receiving therapies. Greater involvement was associated with younger age in children and higher environmental support. Older age in children was associated with caregiver's greater desire for change. INTERPRETATION: Personal and environmental factors correlated with participation in specific ways. Creative strategies to promote participation that consider caregiver's wishes should be undertaken.

The psychometric properties and feasibility of the Alberta infant motor scale used in telehealth: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Telehealth can be a viable option for improving equitable access to early motor assessment for financially vulnerable individuals. AIM: This review aimed to identify the psychometric properties of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) when applied via telehealth and assess its feasibility. METHODS: Papers were systematically retrieved from electronic databases until October 4, 2023. We included studies that assessed the motor development of infants using the AIMS through telehealth. RESULTS: Thirteen studies, encompassing 897 infants (449 male and 396 female), were included in this review. Among them, 805 were typical infants and 92 were at risk of motor delay. The age range of participants spanned from 4.9 weeks to 20 months. The studies found good concurrent validity between telehealth and in-person assessments (ICC > 0.98, SEM < 1.6, mean difference = 0.5) and good to excellent reliability (ICC > 0.80) using home videos recorded by parents or video calls with researchers. Telehealth was perceived as feasible by parents, who expressed high satisfaction, and the quality of images and assessments met commendable standards. CONCLUSION: Considering the limited number of studies that have assessed infants with neuromotor disorders, this scale has the potential for telehealth application in evaluating typical infants.

Translation of the Involvement Matrix tool into Brazilian Portuguese / Tradução da ferramenta Involvement Matrix para o português brasileiro

Abstract Introduction Patient and public involvement has numerous benefits for research; however, there are challenges to its implementation, such as the lack of tools to guide participant engagement in research. The Involvement Matrix (IM) is a tool that facilitates discussion about the role that participants play in research projects, promoting more active public involvement. Objective To translate IM materials into Brazilian Portuguese in order to facilitate their use and guide researchers. Methods Authorization to translate the original material into Brazilian Portuguese was obtained from the authors. Next, the translated material underwent backtranslation. The resulting version was verified by the original IM authors, ensuring semantic and content accuracy. Results The Involvement Matrix (IM) was translated into Portuguese and then backtranslated into English. The researchers discussed the translated version with the IM authors, with minimal adjustments needed in the backtranslation, and no changes made to the Portuguese version. After the approval of the final Brazilian Portuguese version, the translated tools were made available, including a Practical Guide, a Word Version, a Checklist, a Fact Sheet, an Overview with Examples, and an Animated Video with Brazilian Portuguese subtitles. Conclusion The various IM materials are adequately translated and freely available for use in Brazil. It is a valuable tool to guide public and patient involvement in research.

Resumo Introdução O envolvimento do paciente e do público traz diversos benefícios para a pesquisa, no entanto, existem desafios para sua implementação, como a falta de ferramentas que orientem o engajamento dos participantes em pesquisas que os envolvem. A Involvement Matrix (IM) é uma ferramenta que facilita o diálogo sobre o papel que o participante da pesquisa deseja desempenhar em projetos de pesquisas pro-movendo um envolvimento mais ativo desse público. Objetivo Traduzir os materiais da IM para o português brasileiro, a fim de disponibilizar seu uso no Brasil e ori-entar pesquisadores. Métodos Solicitou-se autorização aos autores do instrumento original para traduzi-lo para o português brasileiro. Em seguida, o material traduzido passou por um processo de retrotradução. O resultado foi verificado pelos autores da IM, garantindo a precisão semântica e de conteúdo. Resultados A Matriz de Envolvimento (ME) foi traduzida para o português e retrotraduzida ao inglês. Posteriormente, os pesquisadores da versão brasileira realizaram uma reunião com os autores da ME para esclarecer dúvi-das, havendo a necessidade de mínimos ajustes na retrotradução, sem mudanças da versão em português. Após a aprovação da versão final em português brasi-leiro, foram disponibilizadas as ferramentas traduzidas: um Guia Prático, uma Versão em Word, uma Lista de Verificação, uma Ficha Técnica, uma Visão Geral com Exemplos e um Vídeo Animado legendado em português brasileiro. Conclusão Os diversos materiais da ME estão adequadamente traduzidos e disponíveis gratuitamente para uso no Brasil. Trata-se de uma ferramenta valiosa para guiar o envolvimento do público e do paciente em pesquisas.

Translation of the "F-Words Tools" into Brazilian Portuguese / Tradução dos "Instrumentos das F-Words" para o português brasileiro

Abstract Introduction: The International Classification of Functionality, Disability and Health (ICF) determines that for any health condition, functionality is the result of the multidirectional relationship between the positive aspects of the components of body structures and functions, activities, participation and contextual factors, encompassing personal and environmental factors. Objective: To translate and culturally adapt the "F-Words Tools" into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: Permission to translate was granted by the authors. After reading and understanding the instruments, a researcher performed a non-certified translation into Brazilian Portuguese. Next, the back translation into English was done by a specialist in both languages without prior knowledge of the original versions. The result of the back translation was sent to the authors of the instrument for verification of semantics and content. Based on the authors' recommendations and the results of translation analyses, there was no need for cultural adaptation. Results: The back translation was approved by the authors, indicating that the Brazilian Portuguese version of all instruments was adequate. The translated titles are: Termo de Compromisso (Agreement), Colagem (Collage), Perfil (Profile) and Folha de Metas (Goal Sheet). The ICF framework was entitled: "The ICF model and My Favorite Words". The material is available free of charge at the CanChild website. Conclusion: The translation into Brazilian Portuguese allows materials to be used in Brazil to disseminate the concepts of the ICF and the "F-words" in clinical and family settings.

Resumo Introdução: A Classificação Internacional de Funciona-lidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) determina que para qualquer condição de saúde, a funcionalidade é o resultado da relação multidirecional entre os aspectos positivos dos componentes de estruturas e funções do corpo, atividades, participação e fatores contextuais, que englobam os fatores pessoais e ambientais. Objetivo: Traduzir e adaptar culturalmente as "F-Words Tools" para o português brasileiro. Métodos: A tradução foi autorizada pelos autores. Após leitura e entendimento dos instrumentos, uma tradução livre para o português brasileiro foi realizada por uma pesquisadora. Posteriormente, realizou-se a retro-tradução para o inglês por um especialista em ambos os idiomas e sem conhecimento prévio das versões originais. O resultado da retro-tradução foi enviado aos autores do instrumento para verificação de semântica e de conteúdo. Resultados: A aprovação da retro-tradução foi obtida pelos autores, indicando que a versão em português brasileiro de todos os instrumentos estava adequada. Os títulos traduzidos são: Termo de Compromisso (Agreement), Colagem (Collage), Perfil (Profile) e Folha de Metas (Goal Sheet). O modelo da CIF intitulou-se: "O modelo da CIF e Minhas Palavras Favoritas". O material está disponibilizado gratuitamente no site do CanChild. Não foi necessária adaptação cultural, segundo recomendação dos autores e o conteúdo dos instrumentos traduzidos. Conclusão: A tradução para o português brasileiro possibilita o uso desses materiais no Brasil, de modo a disseminar os conceitos da CIF e das "Minhas Palavras Favoritas" em âmbitos clínicos e familiares.