[Research advances in histone modification-regulated plant stress memory and defense priming.] / ç»„è›‹ç™½ä¿®é¥°è°ƒæŽ§æ¤ç‰©å¯¹èƒè¿«çš„è®°å¿†ä¸Žè­¦å¤‡æŠ—æ€§çš„ç ”ç©¶è¿›å±•.

Plants, grown in the immobile soils, have evolved various strategies in response to environmental stresses, including the "stress memory" and "defense priming" mechanisms. The environmental stresses cannot immediately change the DNA base sequence in plants in the short-term. Therefore, epigenetic inheritance is a key mechanism for stress memory and defense priming. In particular, histone modification is considered to be the most important mechanism, which offers the possibility of stress memory. We summarized research advances in plant histone modifications involved in stress memory and defense priming under biotic and abiotic stresses, and proposed pro-blems in the field and the focus and directions in the future research. In-depth understanding of the relationship between histone modification and environmental stresses would facilitate the quick adaptation of plants to harsh environments, and provide theoretical and technical guidance for plant phenotype shaping, organ regeneration, and crop genetic improvement.

Merging photoredox with copper catalysis: decarboxylative difluoroacetylation of α,ß-unsaturated carboxylic acids with ICF2CO2Et.

A photoredox-/copper-catalyzed decarboxylative difluoroacetylation reaction of α,ß-unsaturated carboxylic acids has been developed. This reaction produces a variety of difluoroalkylated alkenes in moderate to excellent yields and exhibits satisfactory stereoselectivity and a broad substrate scope at ambient temperature. Furthermore, this decarboxylative difluoroacetylation protocol provides efficient and environment friendly access to the difluoroalkylated alkenes.

AgSCF3-Mediated Oxidative Trifluoromethythiolation of Alkynes with Dearomatization to Synthesize SCF3-Substituted Spiro[4,5]trienones.

A new method for the AgSCF3-mediated radical cascade difunctionalizing trifluoromethythiolation of alkynes with dearomatization is developed. This protocol provides a novel route to SCF3-substituted spirocyclic compounds via the formation of one C-SCF3 bond, one C-C bond, and one C-O double bond in a single step.

Regioselective access to CF3S-substituted dihydrofurans from homopropargylic alcohols with trifluoromethanesulfenamide.

A facile access to 4-((trifluoromethyl)thio)-2,3-dihydrofurans from unprotected homopropargylic alcohols in high regioselectivity is reported. This method is the first example of using a free hydroxy group as a nucleophile to complete a trifluoromethylthiolation/cyclization protocol with an alkyne in moderate to excellent yields.

Facile synthesis of disubstituted isoxazoles from homopropargylic alcohol via C═N bond formation.

A novel iron-catalyzed aerobic oxidative reaction to synthesize disubstituted isoxazoles from homopropargylic alcohol, t-BuONO, and H2O is developed. The method provides mild conditions to afford a variety of useful substituted heterocycles in an efficient and regioselective manner. The mechanism has been studied and proposed, which indicates that the transformation can be realized through construction of a C═N bond and C═O bond, C-H oxidation, and then cyclization. Moreover, this method can be enlarged to gram scale.

Using N-tosylhydrazone as a double nucleophile in the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction to synthesize allylic sulfones.

Without extra addition of sulfinate salt, allylic sulfones were synthesized by palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl iodide with N-tosylhydrazone. In this transformation, not only the diazo compound but also the sulfinate salt, which were both generated in situ from base-mediated decomposition of the N-tosylhydrazone, was used as nucleophilic partner.